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Segmentation of Head and Neck Tumors Using Dual PET/CT Imaging:Comparative Analysis of 2D,2.5D,and 3D Approaches Using UNet Transformer

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第12期141卷 2351-2373页

作者： Mohammed A.Mahdi Shahanawaj Ahamad Sawsan A.Saad alaa dafhalla Alawi Alqushaibi Rizwan Qureshi Information and Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il55476Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il55476Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Ha’ilHa’il55476Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Information Sciences Universiti Teknologi PetronasSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia Center for Research in Computer Vision(CRCV) University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

The segmentation of head and neck(H&N)tumors in dual Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomogra-phy(PET/CT)imaging is a critical task in medical imaging,providing essential information for diagnosis,treatment planning,and outcome *** by the need for more accurate and robust segmentation methods,this study addresses key research gaps in the application of deep learning techniques to multimodal medical ***,it investigates the limitations of existing 2D and 3D models in capturing complex tumor structures and proposes an innovative 2.5D UNet Transformer model as a *** primary research questions guiding this study are:(1)How can the integration of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and transformer networks enhance segmentation accuracy in dual PET/CT imaging?(2)What are the comparative advantages of 2D,2.5D,and 3D model configurations in this context?To answer these questions,we aimed to develop and evaluate advanced deep-learning models that leverage the strengths of both CNNs and *** proposed methodology involved a comprehensive preprocessing pipeline,including normalization,contrast enhancement,and resampling,followed by segmentation using 2D,2.5D,and 3D UNet Transformer *** models were trained and tested on three diverse datasets:HeckTor2022,AutoPET2023,and *** was assessed using metrics such as Dice Similarity Coefficient,Jaccard Index,Average Surface Distance(ASD),and Relative Absolute Volume Difference(RAVD).The findings demonstrate that the 2.5D UNet Transformer model consistently outperformed the 2D and 3D models across most metrics,achieving the highest Dice and Jaccard values,indicating superior segmentation *** instance,on the HeckTor2022 dataset,the 2.5D model achieved a Dice score of 81.777 and a Jaccard index of 0.705,surpassing other model *** 3D model showed strong boundary delineation performance but exhibited variability across datasets,while the

关键词： PET/CT imaging tumor segmentation weighted fusion transformer multi-modal imaging deep learning neural networks clinical oncology

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Capsule endoscopy:Do we still need it after 24 years of clinical use?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第5期31卷 140-147页

作者： Ahmed Tawheed alaa Ismail Mohab S Amer Osama Elnahas Tawhid Mowafy Department of Endemic Medicine Faculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairo 11795Egypt Faculty of Medicine Helwan UniversityCairo 11795Egypt Department of Research SMART Company for Research ServicesCairo 11795Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Gardenia Medical CenterDoha 0000Qatar

In this letter,we comment on a recent article published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology by Xiao et al,where the authors aimed to use a deep learning model to automatically detect gastrointestinal lesions during capsule endoscopy(CE).CE was first presented in 2000 and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in *** indications of CE overlap with those of regular diagnostic ***,in clinical practice,CE is usually used to detect lesions in areas inaccessible to standard endoscopies or in cases of bleeding that might be missed during conventional *** the emergence of CE,many physiological and technical challenges have been faced and *** this letter,we summarize the current challenges and briefly mention the proposed methods to overcome these challenges to answer a central question:Do we still need CE?

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Wireless capsule endoscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology Therapeutic capsule endoscopy

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An Efficient Security Solution for Industrial Internet of Things Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3961-3983页

作者： alaa Omran Almagrabi Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia

The Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)has been growing for presentations in industry in recent *** for the IIoT has unavoidably become a problem in terms of creating safe *** to continual needs for new functionality,such as foresight,the number of linked devices in the industrial environment *** of fewer signatories gives strong authentication solutions and prevents trustworthy third parties from being publicly certified among available encryption *** this blockchain-based endpoint protection platform(BCEPP)has been proposed to validate the network policies and reduce overall latency in isolation or hold endpoints.A resolver supports the encoded model as an input;network functions can be optimized as an output in an infrastructure *** configuration of the virtual network functions(VNFs)involved fulfills network *** output ensures that the final service is supplied at the least cost,including processing time and network *** to the findings of this comparison,our design is better suited to simplified trust management in IIoT ***,the experimental results show the adaptability and resilience of our suggested confidence model against behavioral changes in hostile settings in IIoT *** experimental results show that our proposed method,BCEPP,has the following,when compared to other methods:high computational cost of 95.3%,low latency ratio of 28.5%,increased data transmitting rate up to 94.1%,enhanced security rate of 98.6%,packet reception ratio of 96.1%,user satisfaction index of 94.5%,and probability ratio of 33.8%.

关键词： Industrial internet of things(IIoT) blockchain trusted third parties endpoint verification

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A Deep CNN-LSTM-Based Feature Extraction for Cyber-Physical System Monitoring

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 2079-2093页

作者： alaa Omran Almagrabi Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

A potential concept that could be effective for multiple applications is a“cyber-physical system”(CPS).The Internet of Things(IoT)has evolved as a research area,presenting new challenges in obtaining valuable data through environmental *** existing work solely focuses on classifying the audio system of CPS without utilizing feature *** study employs a deep learning method,CNN-LSTM,and two-way feature extraction to classify audio systems within *** primary objective of this system,which is built upon a convolutional neural network(CNN)with Long Short Term Memory(LSTM),is to analyze the vocalization patterns of two different species of *** has been demonstrated that CNNs,when combined with mel-spectrograms for sound analysis,are suitable for classifying ambient ***,the data is augmented and ***,the mel spectrogram features are extracted through two-way feature ***,Principal Component Analysis(PCA)is utilized for dimensionality reduction,followed by Transfer learning for audio feature ***,the classification is performed using the CNN-LSTM *** methodology can potentially be employed for categorizing various biological acoustic objects and analyzing biodiversity indexes in natural environments,resulting in high classification *** study highlights that this CNNLSTM approach enables cost-effective and resource-efficient monitoring of large natural *** dissemination of updated CNN-LSTM models across distant IoT nodes is facilitated flexibly and dynamically through the utilization of CPS.

关键词： Cyber-physical system internet of things feature extraction,classification CNN principal component analysis mel spectrograms monitoring deep learning

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A classification-based privacy-preserving decision-making for secure data sharing in Internet of Things assisted applications

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第4期8卷 436-445页

作者： alaa Omran Almagrabi A.K.Bashir Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology(FCIT)King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK

The introduction of the Internet of Things(IoT)paradigm serves as pervasive resource access and sharing platform for different real-time *** resource availability,access,and allocation provide a better quality of user experience regardless of the application type and ***,privacy remains an open issue in this ubiquitous sharing platform due to massive and replicated data *** this paper,privacy-preserving decision-making for the data-sharing scheme is *** scheme is responsible for improving the security in data sharing without the impact of replicated resources on communicating *** this scheme,classification learning is used for identifying replicas and accessing granted resources *** on the trust score of the available resources,this classification is recurrently performed to improve the reliability of information *** user-level decisions for information sharing and access are made using the classification of the resources at the time of *** proposed scheme is verified using the metrics access delay,success ratio,computation complexity,and sharing loss.

关键词： Classification learning Data mining IoT Privacy-preserving Resource replication

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Effect of Cyclic Stress Reduction on the Creep Characteristics of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2015年第8期28卷 1065-1073页

作者： alaa Farag Abd El-Rehim Physics Department Faculty of Science King Khalid University Physics Department Faculty of Education Ain Shams University

The creep deformation behavior of aged AZ91 magnesium alloy under the cyclic stress reduction has been investigated in the temperature range 353–383 K. The microstructural evolution of the AZ91 magnesium alloy at different heat treatment conditions has been studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The minimum strain rate, e_min, was found to be higher under cyclic stress reduction condition than that under static creep condition for the same maximum stress. Cyclic creep acceleration is interpreted using the interaction of moving dislocations with the existing b-phase（Mg17Al12） precipitates. The mean value of the activation energy of secondary creep stage was found to be equal to that quoted for lattice self-diffusion of magnesium mechanism.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Microstructure Cyclic stress Dislocations

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Cost Estimate and Input Energy of Floor Systems in Low Seismic Regions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2159-2173页

作者： Sayed Mahmoud alaa Salman Department of Civil and Construction Engineering College of EngineeringImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam 31441Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Reinforced concrete(RC)as a material is most commonly used for buildings *** floor systems are available following the structural and architectural *** current research study provides cost and input energy comparisons of RC office buildings of different floor *** solid,ribbed,flat plate and flat slab systems are considered in the *** models in three-dimensional using extended threedimensional analysis of building systems(ETABS)and in two-dimensional using slab analysis by the finite element(SAFE)are developed for analysis *** and design using both software packages and manual calculations are employed to obtain the optimum sections and reinforcements to fit cities of low seismic intensities for all the considered building *** ground motion records of low peak ground acceleration(PGA)levels are used to excite the models to measure the input *** cost estimating system is adopted to categorize building components according to 12 ***,Microsoft(MS)Project is utilized to identify the construction cost and duration of each building *** study shows that floor system significantly causes changes in the input energy to *** addition,the slight increase in the PGA increases the amount of input energy particularly flat plate *** cost of the flat plate system that the flat slab system is of higher value as compared to ribbed and conventional slab *** use of drop panels increases this value as ***,the estimated cost of the ribbed slab system exceeds that of conventional system.

关键词： Uniformat system office buildings floor systems energy response cost estimating

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Information security through controlled quantum teleportation networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2020年第4期6卷 463-470页

作者： Hala Hamdoun alaa Sagheer Center for Artificial Intelligence and RObotics(CAIRO) Department of Computer ScienceAswan UniversityAswanEgypt Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia

Information security is the backbone of current intelligent systems,such as the Internet of Things(IoT),smart grids,and Machine-to-Machine(M2M)*** increasing threat of information security requires new models to ensure the safe transmission of information through such ***,quantum systems have drawn much attention since they are expected to have a significant impact on the research in information *** paper proposes a quantum teleportation scheme based on controlled multi-users to ensure the secure information transmission among *** teleportation is an original key element in a variety of quantum information tasks as well as quantum-based technologies,which plays a pivotal role in the current progress of quantum computing and *** the proposed scheme,the sender transmits the information to the receiver under the control of a third user or ***,we show that the efficiency of the proposed scheme depends on the properties of the transmission channel and the honesty of the *** with various teleportation scheme presented recently in the literature,the most important difference in the proposed scheme is the possibility of suspicion about the honesty of the controller and,consequently,taking proper precautions.

关键词： Information security Machine-to-machine communication Intelligent secure systems Quantum teleportation Quantum networks

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An investigation of planetary nebulae accompanying PG 1159 central stars,based on Gaia DR2 measurements

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第6期21卷 397-402页

作者： alaa Ali Wedad R.Alharbi Department of Astronomy Faculty of ScienceCairo University12613 GizaEgypt Department of Physics College of ScienceUniversity of Jeddah23890 JeddahSaudi Arabia

This article discusses the physical and kinematical characteristics of planetary nebulae accompanying PG 1159 central *** study is based on the parallax and proper motion measurements recently offered by the Gaia space *** approaches were used to investigate the kinematical properties of the *** results revealed that most of the studied nebulae arise from progenitor stars in the mass range 0.9-1.75 M⊙.Furthermore,they tend to live within the Galactic thick disk and move with an average peculiar velocity of 61.7±19.2 km s^(-1) at a mean vertical height of 469±79 *** locations of the PG 1159 stars on the H-R diagram indicate that they have an average final stellar mass and evolutionary age of 0.58±0.08 M⊙and 25.5±5.3×103 yr,*** found a good agreement between the mean evolutionary age of the PG 1159 stars and the mean dynamical age of their companion planetary nebulae(28.0±6.4×103 yr).

关键词： planetary nebulae:general methods:kinematics stars:individual(PG 1159)

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Comparative profile for COVID-19 cases from China and North America: Clinical symptoms, comorbidities and disease biomarkers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第1期9卷 118-132页

作者： alaa Badawi Denitsa Vasileva Public Health Risk Sciences Division Public Health Agency of CanadaToronto M5V3L7ONCanada Department of Nutritional Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S1A8ONCanada Center for Heart Lung Innovation University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6Z1Y6BCCanada

BACKGROUND Large inter-individual and inter-population differences in the susceptibility to and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 or coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)have been *** these differences and how they influence vulnerability to infection and disease severity is critical to public health *** To analyze and compare the profile of COVID-19 cases between China and North America as two regions that differ in many environmental,host and healthcare factors related to disease *** We conducted a meta-analysis to examine and compare demographic information,clinical symptoms,comorbidities,disease severity and levels of disease biomarkers of COVID-19 cases from clinical studies and data from China(105 studies)and North America(19 studies).RESULTS COVID-19 patients from North America were older than their Chinese counterparts and with higher male:Female ***,cough,fatigue and dyspnea were the most common clinical symptoms in both study regions(present in about 30%to 75%of the cases in both regions).Meta-analysis for the prevalence of comorbidities(such as obesity,hypertension,diabetes,cardiovascular diseases,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,cancer,and chronic kidney diseases)in COVID-19 patients were all significantly more prevalent in North America compared to *** were positively correlated with age but at a significantly younger age range in China compared to North *** most prevalent infection outcome was acute respiratory distress syndrome which was 2-fold more frequent in North America than in *** of C-reactive protein were 4.5-fold higher in the North American cases than in cases from *** The differences in the profile of COVID-19 cases from China and North America may relate to differences in environmental-,host-and healthcare-related factors between the two *** inter-population differences-together with intrapopulation variability-u

关键词： COVID-19 Symptoms Comorbidities China North America Adults

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