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Review of the ex.eriments for energetic particle physics on HL-2A

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第9期20卷 93-105页

作者： x.T DING W chen Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People＇s Republic of China

This paper reviews the energetic particle（EP） ex.eriments during electron cyclotron resonance heating（ECRH） and neutral beam injection in the HL-2 A tokamak.A number of important results are summarized,which relate to ITER physics,including the behavior of the multi-mode instability,the nonlinear interaction between wave-wave and wave-particles,the losses of EP induced by the instabilities,the effect of the EP instabilities on the thermal plasma confinement and the control of the EP instabilities by means of *** ex.eriments indicate that when the drive is great enough,the nonlinear effects and the multi-mode coex.stence may play an important role,which affect the transport both of the EPs and the background plasma confinement,and these instabilities could be *** new phenomena about the EP induced instabilities discovered recently on the device,such as high frequency reversed shear alfvén eigenmodes,alfvénic ion temperature gradient modes,the geodesic acoustic mode induced by energetic electrons ex.ited by interaction between tearing mode and beta induced alfvén eigenmode and double e-fishbone in negative magnetic shear discharges etc,have also been presented in the paper.

关键词： HL-2A tokamak energetic particle alfven eigenmode plasma confinement

Unraveling post-growth mechanisms of monolayer CsPbBr3 nanocubes:Laser-enhanced transformations and cathodoluminescence-electron microscopy correlations

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 146-156页

作者： Mingx.ng Li x.aoge Wang x.aofan Cao Zhiqun He Chunjun Liang Mingx.ng chen Jing Ju Fangtian You Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of Education Institute of Optoelectronic Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University

Lead-halide perovskite nanoparticles（LHP NPs） are highly promising materials for nex.-generation displays and solid-state lighting due to their ex.eptional optical properties. However, their inherent instability presents a significant challenge. Recent advances have demonstrated that optoelectronic devices based on monolayer nanoparticle films ex.ibit both high luminescence efficiency and long-term *** research demonstrates that mobility limitations and anisotropic alignments in CsPbBr3nanocube monolayer films are key to their stabilization, hindering spontaneous growth through face-to-face fusion and resulting in the formation of connecting necks in a diagonal direction. Introducing laser irradiation confirmed this by significantly accelerating nanocubes growth, increasing mobility, and enhancing local structural ordering, leading to larger and more regularly shaped nanosheets. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy line-scan analyses indicated that laser irradiation did not disrupt the ligand structure. Transmission electron microscopy and correlative cathodoluminescence electron microscopy revealed the effects of post-growth and heterogeneous structures, including enhanced luminescence and inhomogeneous intensity in the nanosheets. These findings deepen the understanding of the post-growth mechanism of monolayer nanoparticles and the structure-emission correlation and highlight the unique role of laser irradiation in directing the formation of well-defined and regular nanostructures.

关键词： Post-growth mechanism Heterogeneous structure Single-particle spectroscopy Laser irradiation

High-energy-density lithium manganese iron phosphate for lithium-ion batteries: Progresses, challenges, and prospects

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 1-17页

作者： Bokun Zhang x.aoyun Wang Shuai Wang Yan Li Libo chen Handong Jiao Zhijing Yu Jiguo Tu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

The soaring demand for smart portable electronics and electric vehicles is propelling the advancements in high-energy–density lithium-ion *** manganese iron phosphate (LiMnx.e1-x.O4) has garnered significant attention as a promising positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its advantages of low cost,high safety,long cycle life,high voltage,good high-temperature performance,and high energy *** LiMnx.e1-x.O4has made significant breakthroughs in the past few decades,there are still facing great challenges in poor electronic conductivity and Li-ion diffusion,manganese dissolution affecting battery cycling performance,as well as low tap *** review systematically summarizes the reaction mechanisms,various synthesis methods,and electrochemical properties of LiMnx.e1-x.O4to analyze reaction processes accurately and guide material ***,the main challenges currently faced are concluded,and the corresponding various modification strategies are discussed to enhance the reaction kinetics and electrochemical performance of LiMnx.e1-x.O4,including multi-scale particle regulation,heteroatom doping,surface coating,as well as microscopic morphology ***,in view of the current research challenges faced by intrinsic reaction processes,kinetics,and energy storage applications,the promising research directions are *** importantly,it is ex.ected to provide key insights into the development of high-performance and stable LiMnx.e1-x.O4materials,to achieve practical energy storage requirements.

关键词： Lithium manganese iron phosphate High energy density Lithium-ion batteries Reaction mechanism Tap density

Magneto‑Dielectric Synergy and Multiscale Hierarchical Structure Design Enable Flex.ble Multipurpose Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth Compatibility

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 401-416页

作者： chen Li Leilei Liang Baoshan Zhang Yi Yang Guangbin Ji School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093People’s Republic of China College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016People’s Republic of China

Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration ***,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled Mx.ne IR shielding layer and flex.ble Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS microwave absorption *** top wrinkled Mx.ne layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass ***,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric *** theoretical.and ex.erimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both x.band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ***,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m^(2),a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of ***,the optimal device demonstrates ex.eptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex.and hostile environments.

关键词： Microwave absorption Radar-infrared compatible stealth Wrinkled Mx.ne Magneto-dielectric synergy Multifunction

Low-temperature chlorination roasting technology for the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LiCoO_(2)cathode material

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 80-91页

作者： Junjie Shi Changle Hou Jingjing Dong Dong chen Jianzhong Li Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

With the continuous increase in the disposal volume of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),properly recycling spent LIBs has become essential for the advancement of the circular *** study presents a systematic analysis of the chlorination roasting kinetics and proposes a new two-step chlorination roasting process that integrates thermodynamics for the recycling of LIB cathode *** activation energy for the chloride reaction was 88.41 kJ/mol according to thermogravimetric analysis–derivative thermogravimetry data obtained by using model-free,model-fitting,and Z(α)function(αis conversion rate).Results indicated that the reaction was dominated by the first-order(F1)model when the conversion rate was less than or equal to 0.5 and shifted to the second-order(F2)model when the conversion rate ex.eeded *** conditions were determined by thoroughly investigating the effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,and the mass ratio of NH_(4)Cl to LiCoO_(2).Under the optimal conditions,namely 400℃,20 min,and NH_(4)Cl/LiCoO_(2)mass ratio of 3:1,the leaching efficiency of Li and Co reached 99.43% and 99.05%,*** of the roasted products revealed that valuable metals in LiCoO_(2)transformed into CoCl_(2) and ***,the reaction mechanism was elucidated,providing insights for the establishment of a novel low-temperature chlorination roasting technology based on a crystal structure *** technology can guide the development of LIB recycling processes with low energy consumption,low secondary pollution,high recovery efficiency,and high added value.

关键词： spent lithium-ion battery thermodynamics chlorination roasting kinetics circular economy

One kind motion of controllable constrained Birkhoffian system:the absence of constraints

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第3期36卷 735-741页

作者： J.chen F.x.Mei S.x.Liu Y.x.Guo School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Physics Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110000China

This paper is devoted to discuss the motion of controllable constrained Birkhoffian system along with its absence of *** first step is to establish the autonomous and non-autonomous differential equations of motion of the system,based on Pfaff-Birkhoff ***,the ex.stence of constraint multipliers are ex.austively ***,the definition of one kind motion of the system,called free motion,is given,which is described and analyzed by the absence of constraints that are determined by constraint *** 2 illustrates that one system can realize its free motion by selecting proper control *** particular,theorem 2 provides that one system can naturally realize free motion when we consider the integral of the unconstrained Birkhoffian system as the constraints of constrained Birkhoffian ***,the results obtained are illustrated by several ex.mples.

关键词： Constrained Birkhoffian system Kinematic control Absence of constraint Free motion

New methods to find solutions and analyze stability of equilibrium of nonholonomic mechanical systems

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2018年第6期34卷 1136-1144页

作者： J.chen Y.x.Guo F.x.Mei School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Physics Liaoning UniversityShenyang 110000China

A large proportion of constrained mechanical systems result in nonlinear ordinary differential equations,for which it is quite difficult to find analytical *** initial motions method proposed by Whittaker is effective to deal with such problems for various constrained mechanical systems,including the nonholonomic systems discussed in the first part of this paper,where in addition to differential equations of motion,nonholonomic constraints *** final equations of motion for these systems are obtained in the form of corresponding power ***,an alternative,direct method to determine the initial values of higher-order derivatives(q)0,(q)0,…is proposed,being different from that of *** second part of this work analyzes the stability of equilibrium of less complex.nonholonomic mechanical systems represented by gradient *** discuss the stability of equilibrium of such systems based on the properties of the gradient *** advantage of this novel method is its avoidance of the difficulty of directly establishing Lyapunov functions aimed at such unsteady nonlinear ***,these theoretical considerations are illustrated through four ex.mples.

关键词： Nonholonomic system Initial motions Gradient system Lyapunov function Stability

Tuning the interfacial reaction environment via pH-dependent and induced ions to understand C–N bonds coupling performance in NO3- integrated CO2 reduction to carbon and nitrogen compounds over dual Cu-based N-doped carbon catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 273-285页

作者： Tianhang Zhou chen Shen Zhenghao Wu x.ngying Lan Yi x.ao College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Institute of Materials Science TU Darmstadt Department of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Department of Mechanical.and Mechatronics Engineering and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo

Dual atomic catalysts （DAC）,particularly copper （Cu2）-based nitrogen （N） doped graphene,show great potential to effectively convert CO2and nitrate （NO3-） into important industrial chemicals such as ethylene,glycol,acetamide,and urea through an efficient catalytical process that involves C–C and C–N ***,the origin of the coupling activity remained unclear,which substantially hinders the rational design of Cu-based catalysts for the N-integrated CO2reduction reaction （CO2RR）.To address this challenge,this work performed advanced density functional theory calculations incorporating ex.licit solvation based on a Cu2-based N-doped carbon (Cu2N6C10) catalyst for *** calculations are aimed to gain insight into the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene,acetamide,and urea via coupling in the interfacial reaction *** to the sluggishness of CO2,the formation of a solvation electric layer by anions （F-,Cl-,Br-,and I-） and cations (Na+,Mg2+,K+,and Ca2+) leads to electron transfer towards the Cu *** process significantly accelerates the reduction of *** results reveal that*CO intermediates play a pivotal role in N-integrated ***,the Cu2-based N-doped carbon catalyst ex.mined in this study has demonstrated the most potential for C–N coupling to *** findings reveal that through the process of a condensation reaction between*CO and NH2OH for urea synthesis,*NO3-is reduced to*NH3,and*CO2to*CCO at dual Cu atom *** dual-site reduction facilitates the synthesis of acetamide through a nucleophilic reaction between NH3and the ketene ***,we found that the I-and Mg2+ions,influenced by pH,were highly effective for acetamide and ammonia synthesis,ex.ept when F-and Ca2+were ***,the mechanisms of C–N bond formation were investigated via ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations,and we found that adjusting the micro-environment can change the dominant side reaction,shift

关键词： pH-dependent micro-environments C–N coupling Dual Cu-based nitrogen carbon catalysts Ex.licit solvation model Ion stabilizer AIMD

Straight-Leaned Blade Aerodynamics of A Turbine Nozzle Blade Row with Low Span-Diameter Ratio

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Journal of Thermal Science 2000年第1期9卷 51-52页

作者： N. x. chen Y. J. x. W.G Huang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 2706 Beijing 100080

Compound-leaned blades have been applied for the design of turbomachinery for reducing secondary flow losses and then improving the aerodynamic performance. The aerodynamics features are not clear enough so far and, therefore, have been investigted by many authors ex.erimentally and numerically. The present study on turbomachinery aerodynamics is emphasized on the leaning effects of straight-leaned turbine nozzle blades With low span-diameter ratio (less than 0.1). This Kind of blades has relatively low efficiency. This is due to that the blades are too short and then the loss contours of both tip and hub surfaces are merged with each other. How to increase the efficiency efficiency becomes of the important subjects, which is faced to the turbomachinery community. Effects of straight-leaned blades in a turbine nozzle blade row with low span-diameter ratio have been assessed using three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computations.

关键词：透平机导向器叶片空气动力学