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Improving the utility of locally differentially private protocols for longitudinal and multidimensional frequency estimates

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 369-379页

作者： Héber H.Arcolezi Jean-François Couchot Bechara al Bouna Xiaokui Xiao Inria andÉcole Polytechnique(IPP) PalaiseauFrance Femto-ST Institute Univ.Bourg.Franche-ComtéUBFCCNRSBelfortFrance TICKET Lab. Antonine University Hadat-BaabdaBaabdaLebanon School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

This paper investigates the problem of collecting multidimensional data throughout time(i.e.,longitudinal studies)for the fundamental task of frequency estimation under Local Differential Privacy(LDP)*** to frequency estimation of a single attribute,the multidimensional aspect demands particular attention to the privacy ***,when collecting user statistics longitudinally,privacy progressively ***,the“multiple”settings in combination(i.e.,many attributes and several collections throughout time)impose several challenges,for which this paper proposes the first solution for frequency estimates under *** tackle these issues,we extend the analysis of three state-of-the-art LDP protocols(Generalized Randomized Response–GRR,Optimized Unary Encoding–OUE,and Symmetric Unary Encoding–SUE)for both longitudinal and multidimensional data *** the known literature uses OUE and SUE for two rounds of sanitization(***),i.e.,L-OUE and L-SUE,respectively,we analytically and experimentally show that starting with OUE and then with SUE provides higher data utility(i.e.,L-OSUE).also,for attributes with small domain sizes,we propose Longitudinal GRR(L-GRR),which provides higher utility than the other protocols based on unary ***,we also propose a new solution named Adaptive LDP for LOngitudinal and Multidimensional FREquency Estimates(alLOMFREE),which randomly samples a single attribute to be sent with the whole privacy budget and adaptively selects the optimal protocol,i.e.,either L-GRR or *** shown in the results,alLOMFREE consistently and considerably outperforms the state-of-the-art L-SUE and L-OUE protocols in the quality of the frequency estimates.

关键词： Local differential privacy Discrete distribution estimation Frequency estimation Multidimensional data Longitudinal studies

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Facies development and sedimentology of the Middle Miocene carbonates of the Raghama Formation, northeastern Saudi Arabia

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 87-96页

作者： Mansour H.al-Hashim Abdelbaset S.El-Sorogy Meshal Wadani Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud University2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Ragahama Formation comprises a siliciclastic continental deposits followed by marine carbonates, representing prograding alluvial fans from adjacent high hinterlands seaward into lagoons and fringing reef environments. The present work aimed to document the facies development and sedimentology of the Raghama carbonates exposed along the eastern coastal plain of the Red Sea, northwestern Saudi Arabia. Four stratigraphic sections were measured and sampled(D1–D4) and thin sections and major and trace element analyses were prepared and applied for petrographic and geochemical approaches. The carbonates were subdivided into three successive fore-reef, reef-core, and back-reef depositional facies. Sandy stromatolitic boundstone, microbial laminites, dolomitic ooidal grainstone, bioclastic coralline algal wackestone, sandy bioclastic wackestone, and coral boundstones were the reported microfacies types. Petrographic analysis reveals that the studied carbonates were affected by dissolution, dolomitization, and aggrading recrystallization, which affects both the original micrite matrix and grains or acts as fracture and veinlet filling leading to widespread vuggy and moldic porosity. No evidence of physical compaction, suggesting rapid lithification and recrystallization during early diagenesis and prior to substantial burial and intensive flushing by meteoric waters. Most of the original microstructure of corals were leached and destructed. This is indicated by the higher depletion in Sr and Ca levels and increase in Mg,Na, Fe, and Mn levels, especially in section D1, in comparison with the worldwide carbonates.

关键词： Raghama Formation Miocene Diagenesis Geochemistry Saudi Arabia

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Problems and prospects of fish farming in the Chattogram Hill Tracts of Bangladesh:Community-based aquaculture might be a right choice

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 306-313页

作者： Saifuddin Rana MdNazmul Hasan Abdulla al Bari Shahida Arfine Shimul SkIstiaque Ahmed Sk.Ahmad al Nahid Department of Fisheries Resource Management Faculty of FisheriesChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshi4225ChattogramBangladesh Department of Oceanography University of ChittagongChittagong4331Bangladesh

The study was carried out in Matiranga Upazila,Bandarban district,which is considered one of Bangladesh’s major hill tract *** study aimed to identify present farming conditions,prospects,and problems and suitable solutions to the problems of fish *** participatory rapid appraisal tools such as focus group discussion,field visits,and farmers’interviews were used to collect relevant fish farming information in the study *** polyculture method was the most practised aquaculture *** the selected farms,eleven fish species were identified as culture *** transportation cost for seeds purchased from remote areas was high(11%of total seed cost).The average transportation-related mortality of fish fry and fingerlings was 7.2%and 2.8%.Feed cost was found as the major cost(58.4%)in *** and revenue for fish production per decimal varied from BDT 311 to 3528 and BDT 23 to *** of vacant lake,youth and women engagement,integrated aquaculture,the desire of people to engage in aquaculture,and available human resources were found as significant *** major problems identified were lack of hatchery,high feed cost,lack of stakeholder linkage,lack of capital for fish farming,and lack of proper knowledge,guidelines,and consultancy for fish culture.A community-based aquaculture model was proposed to overcome the present challenges and problems in the study *** model may help to expand aquaculture and thus improve the livelihood and socio-economic status of the people of the hilly areas of Bangladesh.

关键词： Hilly area Aquaculture model Tribal people Fish farming prospects

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Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid al Amaz Ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal Mahato Rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(TM)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)TM,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TMHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TMHSS).all birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TMHS,CHSS,and TMHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and TM *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at Pal body weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other *** TM significantly increased(Pal cecal volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentration compared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

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Ethical decision-making in older drivers during critical driving situations: An online experiment

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2024年第1期7卷 30-37页

作者： Amandeep Singh sarah Yahoodik Yovela Murzello Samuel Petkac Yusuke Yamani Siby Samuel Department of Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Department of Psychology Old Dominion UniversityNorfolk 23529USA

The present study examined the impact of aging on ethical decision-making in simulated critical driving scenarios.204 participants from North America,grouped into two age groups(18–30 years and 65 years and above),were asked to decide whether their simulated automated vehicle should stay in or change from the current lane in scenarios mimicking the Trolley *** participant viewed a video clip rendered by the driving simulator at Old Dominion University and pressed the space-bar if they decided to intervene in the control of the simulated automated vehicle in an online *** hierarchical models were used to analyze participants’responses,response time,and acceptability of utilitarian ethical *** results showed significant pedestrian placement,age,and time-to-collision(TTC)effects on participants’ethical *** pedestrians were in the right lane,participants were more likely to switch lanes,indicating a utilitarian approach prioritizing pedestrian *** participants were more likely to switch lanes in general compared to older *** results imply that older drivers can maintain their ability to respond to ethically fraught scenarios with their tendency to switch lanes more frequently than younger counterparts,even when the tasks interacting with an automated driving *** current findings may inform the development of decision algorithms for intelligent and connected vehicles by considering potential ethical dilemmas faced by human drivers across different age groups.

关键词： ethical decision making age-differences utilitarianism moral dilemmas driver behavior simulated driving bayesian hierarchical model

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Management of monogenic diabetes in pregnancy:A narrative review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 15-23页

作者： Mohammad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen sarah R Murray Mark W J Strachan Metabolic Unit Western General HospitalEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom MRC Centre for Reproductive Health University of Edinburgh Queen’s Medical Research InstituteEdinburgh EH164TJUnited Kingdom

Pregnancy in women with monogenic diabetes is potentially complex,with significant implications for both maternal and fetal *** these,maturity-onset diabetes of the young(MODY)stands out as a prevalent monogenic diabetes subtype frequently encountered in clinical *** subtype of MODY requires a distinct approach tailored to the pregnancy,diverging from management strategies in non-pregnant *** MODY(GCK-MODY)typically does not require treatment outside of pregnancy,but special considerations arise when a woman with GCK-MODY becomes *** glycemic targets in GCK-MODY pregnancies are not exclusively dictated by the maternal/paternal MODY genotype but are also influenced by the genotype of the developing *** pregnancy,the choice between sulfonylurea or insulin for treating hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha(HNF1A)-MODY and HNF4A-MODY depends on the mother’s specific circumstances and the available *** of other rarer MODY subtypes is individu-alized,with decisions made on a case-by-case ***,a collaborative approach involving expert diabetes and obstetric teams is crucial for the compre-hensive management of MODY pregnancies.

关键词： Diabetes Pregnancy Maturity-onset diabetes of the young Insulin Sulphonylurea Glucokinase Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha,hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta,and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha

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An Incentive Mechanism for Federated Learning:A Continuous Zero-Determinant Strategy Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 88-102页

作者： Changbing Tang Baosen Yang Xiaodong Xie Guanrong Chen Mohammed A.A.al-qaness Yang Liu IEEE the College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal UniversityUniversityJinhua 321004China the School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China the Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Intelligent Education Technology and Application of Zhejiang Province Jinhua 321004China

As a representative emerging machine learning technique, federated learning(FL) has gained considerable popularity for its special feature of “making data available but not visible”. However, potential problems remain, including privacy breaches, imbalances in payment, and inequitable *** shortcomings let devices reluctantly contribute relevant data to, or even refuse to participate in FL. Therefore, in the application of FL, an important but also challenging issue is to motivate as many participants as possible to provide high-quality data to FL. In this paper, we propose an incentive mechanism for FL based on the continuous zero-determinant(CZD) strategies from the perspective of game theory. We first model the interaction between the server and the devices during the FL process as a continuous iterative game. We then apply the CZD strategies for two players and then multiple players to optimize the social welfare of FL, for which we prove that the server can keep social welfare at a high and stable level. Subsequently, we design an incentive mechanism based on the CZD strategies to attract devices to contribute all of their high-accuracy data to ***, we perform simulations to demonstrate that our proposed CZD-based incentive mechanism can indeed generate high and stable social welfare in FL.

关键词： Federated learning(FL) game theory incentive mechanism machine learning zero-determinant strategy

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Concomitant determination of hematological indices supported the application of the albumin-bilirubin score in non-malignant liver diseases

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第9期16卷 1308-1311页

作者： Marwan S M al-Nimer Department of Pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of DiyalaBaqubah 32001Iraq

The albumin-bilirubin(alBI)score is a useful prognostic marker that predicts mortality in patients suffering from terminal ***,it has been reported that alBI score is a predictor of non-malignant liver *** cutoff point of the alBI score that distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from non-malignant liver disease is still not ***,the alBI score is a sensi-tive rather than a specific predictor of the poor outcomes of liver *** are many hematological indices and ratios that are utilized as prognostic *** these biomarkers are the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),and platelet-hemoglobin ratio(PHR),which are useful discriminating prognostic biomarkers for liver diseases,e.g.,hepato-cellular carcinoma,hepatitis,liver fibrosis,*** is evidence that PLR and PHR are prognostic biomarkers that predict the poor outcomes of ***,concomitant measurements of alBI score and PHR or alBI score and PLR will improve the predictive value that can differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma from non-malignant diseases.

关键词： albumin-bilirubin score Hepatocellular carcinoma Non-malignant diseases Platelet-lymphocyte ratio Platelet-hemoglobin ratio

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Review of tribological properties of nanoparticle-based lubricants and their hybrids and composites

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 569-590页

作者： Ye Zar Ni HTWE Aws.S.al-JANABI Yasmin WADZER Hussin MAMAT Ku NOORYASMIN School of Materials&Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia School of Aerospace Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia

Due to their encouraging results,nanolubricants have been revolutionary in the field of *** degree,to which the new material may improve the tribology,energy savings,and durability,is a crucial consideration for any new additive to a conventional *** results of the earlier research on carbon,metal,metal oxide,and their composites and hybrid nanolubricants as well as their effects on tribology,are summarized in this review *** most popular measuring methodologies,the tribology results for lubricants with an oil base,biodegradable base,and a water base,as well as the reasons that explain these tribological advancements,are all included in this ***,prospects for more study in this area are emphasized.

关键词： nanolubricants tribology carbon metal metal oxide hybrid

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Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty vs high tibial osteotomy for knee osteoarthritis:A comparison of clinical and radiological outcomes

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 444-456页

作者： Frederick William Wyatt Oday al-Dadah Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE24HHUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery South Tyneside District HospitalSouth Shields NE340PLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)and high tibial osteotomy(HTO)are well-established operative interventions in the treatment of knee ***,which intervention is more beneficial to patients with knee osteoarthritis remains unknown and a topic of much ***,there is a paucity of research assessing the relationship between radiographic parameters of knee joint alignment and patient-reported clinical outcomes,preoperatively and following HTO or *** To compare UKAs and HTOs as interventions for medial-compartment knee osteoarthritis:Examining differences in clinical outcome and investigating the relationship of joint alignment with respect to *** This longitudinal observational study assessed a total of 42 patients that had undergone UKA(n=23)and HTO(n=19)to treat medial compartment knee ***-reported outcome measures(PROMs)were collected to evaluate clinical *** included two disease-specific(Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score,Oxford Knee Score)and two generic(EQ-5D-5L,Short Form-12)*** radiographic parameters of knee alignment assessed were the:Hip-knee-ankle angle,mechanical axis deviation and angle of Mikulicz *** Statistical analyses demonstrated significant(Pally angled Mikulicz line with worse knee function and overall health preoperatively(Palignment parameters(hip-knee-ankle angle,mechanical axis deviation)within the HTO group;yet no such associations were observed within the UKA *** UKAs and HTOs are both efficacious operations that provide a comp

关键词： Arthroplasty Osteotomy Medial compartment Osteoarthritis Knee alignment Patient reported outcome measures

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