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Comparative Performance of Microscopy and Nested PCR for the Detection of Cryptosporidium Species in Patients Living with HIV/AIDS in Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)

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American Journal of Molecular biology 2023年第1期13卷 18-31页

作者： N’Docho Assi Fiacre-Tanguy Gonédélé bi Sery Ernest Tuo Karim bialé Marina Danielle Datcho-Gouenet Ayaud N’Guessan Tiacoh Landry Koffi Attoungbré Clément Koffi David ako ako aristide bérenger Vanga bosson Abo Henriette Touré Offianan André Department of Parasitology Mycology Institut Pasteur Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Genetics and Species Improvement Félix Houphou&#235 t-boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Parasitology Mycology UFR Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Félix Houphou&#235 t-boigny University Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Cryptosporidium spp. infection is one of the causes of diarrhea in people living with HIV/AIDS. The objective of this study is to compare the sensitivity of microscopy and molecular biology to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Patients Living With HIV (PLWH). This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in three care centers for people living with HIV/AIDS in Abidjan. It took place from November 2018 to March 2020. Sociodemographic data were obtained via a questionnaire. Stool and blood samples were collected and analyzed for microscopy and Nested PCR detection of Cryptosporidium spp. blood samples were analyzed for CD4+ count. A total of 363 stool samples were collected from the three sites. Individuals aged 40 - 50 years (36.52%) were most likely to participate in the study. HIV Type 1 accounted for 86.22% of the study population. The samples collected consisted of 47.65% diarrheal stool. Microscopic examination of the stool yielded a prevalence of 3.86% for Cryptosporidium spp. while the prevalence was 3.96% with molecular identification. No statistically significant difference was observed between these two prevalences (χ2 = 0.26;p = 0.609). CD4+ count was the factor associated with Cryptosporidium spp. infection for both microscopy (OR = 0.887, p = 0.001) and PCR (OR = 0.896, p = 0.001). This study demonstrated that Nested PCR improves the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in patient diagnosis.

关键词： Cryptosporidium PCR Microscopy PLHIV Côte D’Ivoire

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Prediction of overbreak depth in Ghalaje road tunnel using strength factor

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第4期28卷 671-676页

作者： ako Daraei Shokrollah Zare Civil Engineering Department Soran University School of Mining Petroleum & Geophysics Engineering Shahrood University of Technology

It is well known that the overbreak caused by the blasting damage during tunnel excavation increases costs associated with filling the collapsed area with shotcrete and results in filing of a claim by the contractor. This paper outlines a new approach for prediction the overbreak depth during tunnel construction. Hence, firstly excavation damage zone(EDZ) are determined by average specific charge in each zone. Numerical modelling is used to simulate the EDZ around tunnel boundary and the overbreak depth are calculated by the rock strength factor. The predicted overbreak depth compared with observed field data from a case study. The results show that there exists an approximately up to 40% difference between the prediction and the observed volume of overbreak depth. Therefore, the method can be well used to predict the overbreak depth to estimate more precision of shotcrete and concrete volumes in tunnelling cost during design phase.

关键词： Overbreak blasting Excavation damaged zone Strength factor Tunneling

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Modified criterion for prediction of tunnel deformation in non-squeezing ground conditions

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2019年第1期27卷 11-24页

作者： ako Daraei Shokrollah Zare Faculty of Mining Petroleum and Geophysics EngineeringShahrood University of Technology

The strength factor-based criterion for tunnel deformation prediction proposed by Hoek in 2000 is reckoned to be the most practical criterion among the tunnel deformation criteria since 1980s. In view of the fact that Hoek's criterion was obtained based on case studies under squeezing ground conditions, it has a limited range of applications, applicable mainly in squeezing tunnels. In this work, this criterion was modified by taking into consideration the conditions of eight unstable stations in three non-squeezing tunnels in Iran to amplify its application range. Relative displacements and strength factor(defined as a strength-to-stress ratio) were obtained in unstable stations first. Then, the parametric values were plotted on a Cartesian coordinate's plane. by using the optimal regression line passing through all points, a criterion for prediction of tunnel deformation was proposed finally. A comparison made between the measured values and the ones predicted by the new criterion shows that the variance accounted for was 77% and the root mean square error was 2%, an acceptable accuracy and a small error implying the effectiveness of the new criterion in tunnel deformation prediction. In addition, the results show that the strength factor of 0.38 can be used to determine the boundary between squeezing and non-squeezing conditions; the behavior and type of failure of the tunnel would be predictable by use of the strength factor.

关键词： Strength factor Tunnel deformation Monitoring Failure type Tunneling

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Assessment of the Drafting Quality of Request Forms Submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Cote d’Ivoire

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 330-339页

作者： Yao Serge-Stéphane ako ako bérenger aristide Sylvain beourou Ouattara Yacouba N’Guessan Tiacoh Landry N’Dri Kouadio Thierry-borel Toure André Offianan Malaria Unit Institut Pasteur de Cote d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire Parasitology Unit Institut Pasteur de Cote d&#8217Ivoire Abidjan Cote d&#8217Ivoire

biological tests provide information on the medical analysis requested by both the patient and the prescriber. It is a communication link between the prescriber and the laboratory staff. The lack of some information on request forms not only affects the drafting quality of the test and patient care, but could also make thousands of data produced by healthcare centers unusable. The aim of this study was to assess the drafting quality of request forms submitted to the Malaria and Parasitology Units at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study to assess the drafting quality of request forms of various prescribers received at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire. This study was conducted at the Malaria and Parasitology Units, department of Parasitology and Mycology (Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire), from 6th December 2020 to 6th December 2021. The information on each request forms was recorded on a data collection form designed for this purpose. Each data collection form corresponds to a request forms and each test to a patient. Results: Out of a total of 1990 request forms received, the patient’s age and sex were missing on 18% and 26.8% of the tests respectively. More than half (51.80%) of request forms did not indicate the patient’s place of residence. Clinical information was not provided on 45.90% of the tests. Prescribers omitting their signatures were 51%, stamps were 50.3% and contacts were 71.2%. Only 5.4% of request forms were of good drafting quality. Providing all the required information on the forms could facilitate the use and analysis of data and samples.

关键词： Laboratory Quality Request Forms Information

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biodegradation of Melamine and Cyanuric Acid by a Newly-Isolated <i>Microbacterium</i>Strain

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Advances in Microbiology 2012年第3期2卷 303-309页

作者： Naofumi Shiomi Maiko ako School of Human Sciences Kobe College Nishinomiya Japan

We searched for a superior melamine-degrading bacterium for the bioremediation of melamine. Cyanuric acid, which is a by-product produced during the biodegradation of melamine, shows strong nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the melamine-degrading bacterium is also required to show a high ability to degrade cyanuric acid. We selected a melamine-degrading strain (MEL1) among ten cyanuric acid-degrading bacteria isolated from the soil. The species of MEL1 strain was Microbacterium esteramaticum or was extremely similar to that species, and the enzymatic activity of the melamine deaminase in the MEL1 strain was similar to that in the NRRLb-12227 strain. The ability of the MEL1 strain to degrade cyanuric acid was higher than its ability to degrade melamine, and therefore, the accumulation of by-products (ammeline, ammelide and cyanuric acid) during the degradation of melamine was minimal. These results suggest that the MEL1 strain is useful for the bioremediation of melamine.

关键词： Melamine Cyanuric Acid Melamine Deaminase Microbacterium

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Oral Health Patterns among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in bamenda

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第6期13卷 1111-1126页

作者： William ako Takang Akwa Divine Mbong Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

Introduction: Pregnancy can be a risk factor for dental diseases as oral tissues are liable to changes due to hormonal variations. High levels of secretion of progesterone predispose gums tissues to inflammation leading to gingivitis. Also, oral pathologies in pregnant women can adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. This may be because pro-inflammatory cytokines are released into the system of the pregnant woman, which can reach the womb, causing harm to the baby. Pathogenic bacteria can also get into circulation leading to septicemia. This can cause abortion, preterm delivery, low birth weight, pre-eclampsia and many others. There is a high prevalence of oral diseases in pregnant women in developing countries, but just a few of them actually access dental care services. This is more rampant in countries with no oral health programs and where oral health is not included in the antenatal care package. Lack of knowledge about the importance of oral health to pregnancy outcome, cost of dental treatment, as well as fear of the effect of dental treatment on pregnancy, are among the barriers to pregnant women not accessing dental care services during pregnancy. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the oral health status among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in bamenda. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out on 295 pregnant women attending ANC in Nkwen, Mankon, and bamendankwen, which have specialized dental units and so all these pregnan

关键词： Pregnant Women Dental Caries Periodontal Diseases

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Polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA genes involved in asthenozoospermia in infertile patients of Côte d'Ivoire

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2023年第1期7卷 38-43页

作者： Jules Erick Hermann Ayekoue Konan Guy Sylvère N’zi ako aristide berenger ako Marie-Florence N’guessan Yapi Guillaume Yayé FounzéguéAmadou Coulibaly Allico Joseph Djaman biology and Health Laboratory UFR BiosciencesUniversité Felix Houphouët-Boigny22 BP 582 Abidjan 22Côte d'Ivoire Clinical and Fundamental biochemistry Department Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire01 BP 490 Abidjan 01Côte d'Ivoire Department of Parasitology and Mycology Institut Pasteur de Côte d’Ivoire01 BP 490 Abidjan 01Côte d'Ivoire biochemistry-Microbiology Department UFR AgroforesterieUniversitéJean Lorougnon GuédéBP 150 DaloaCôte d'Ivoire

Objective:The relationship between mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)polymorphisms and abnormalities in sperm quality has been the subject of several studies,with the objective of improving the treatment of male *** study,which contributes to the identification of genetic markers of sperm abnormalities,was conducted to study mtDNA mutations in the asthenozoospermia ***:This case-control study included 30 patients with asthenozoospermia and 28 with normospermia after spermogram and spermocytogram *** the extraction of total DNA from the spermatozoa of 58 ejaculates from these individuals using the phenol-chloroform method,the amplification of genes of interest in mtDNA using specific primers was performed by conventional polymerase chain reaction,and sequencing was used to detect ***:Male patients with asthenozoospermia in the tertiary sector had significantly more mutant-than wild-type(P=0.0005)MT-CO II ***,for the same gene,males with asthenozoospermia and primary infertility had significantly more mutants than the wild-type(P=0.001).Sequencing revealed 29 mutations that were observed only with asthenozoospermia,which could be the basis for low sperm ***:This study identified several mutations in mtDNA genes that could be considered genetic markers of asthenozoospermia if confirmed in a deeper study.

关键词： Asthenozoospermia Côte d'Ivoire Institute of Pasteur Côte d'Ivoire male infertility mtDNA polymorphism

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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen banu A S.K.b.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-KDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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Federated Learning’s Role in Next-Gen TV Ad Optimization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 675-712页

作者： Gabriela Dobrita Simona-Vasilica Oprea Adela bâra Department of Economic Informatics and Cybernetics Bucharest University of Economic StudiesBucharest010374Romania

In the rapidly evolving landscape of television advertising,optimizing ad schedules to maximize viewer engagement and revenue has become *** methods often operate in silos,limiting the potential insights gained from broader data analysis due to concerns over privacy and data *** article introduces a novel approach that leverages Federated Learning(FL)to enhance TV ad schedule optimization,combining the strengths of local optimization techniques with the power of global Machine Learning(ML)models to uncover actionable insights without compromising data *** combines linear programming for initial ads scheduling optimization with ML—specifically,a K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)model—for predicting ad spot *** into account the diversity and the difficulty of the ad-scheduling problem,we propose a prescriptivepredictive approach in which first the position of the ads is optimized(using Google’s OR-Tools CP-SAT)and then the scheduled position of all ads will be the result of the optimization ***,this output becomes the target of a predictive task that predicts the position of new entries based on their characteristics ensuring the implementation of the scheduling at large scale(using KNN,Light Gradient boosting Machine and Random Forest).Furthermore,we explore the integration of FL to enhance predictive accuracy and strategic insight across different broadcasting networks while preserving data *** FL approach resulted in 8750 ads being precisely matched to their optimal category placements,showcasing an alignment with the intended diversity ***,there was a minimal deviation observed,with 1133 ads positioned within a one-category variance from their ideal placement in the original dataset.

关键词： Ad scheduling prescriptive-predictive approach federated learning KNN

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