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A Comprehensive Classification and Analysis of Geomagnetic Storms Over Solar Cycle 24

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 77-86页

作者： Raja Adibah Raja Halim Shah Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid Mardina Abdullah Adlyka Annuar Idahwati Sarudin Zahira Mohd Radzi akimasa yoshikawa Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Space Science Centre (ANGKASA) Institute of Climate ChangeUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia Malaysian Space Agency (MYSA) International Research Center for Space and Planetary Environmental Science (i-SPES) Kyushu University

A geomagnetic storm is a global disturbance of Earth?s magnetosphere,occurring as a result of the interaction with magnetic plasma ejected from the *** considerable research,a comprehensive classification of storms for a complete solar cycle has not yet been fully developed,as most previous studies have been limited to specific storm *** study,therefore,attempted to present complete statistics for solar cycle 24,detailing the occurrence of geomagnetic storm events and classifying them by type of intensity (moderate,intense,and severe),type of complete interval (normal or complex),duration of the recovery phase (rapid or long),and the number of steps in the storm?s *** analysis was applied to data from ground-based magnetometers,which measured the Dst index as provided by the World Data Center for Geomagnetism,Kyoto,*** study identified 211 storm events,comprising moderate (177 events),intense (33 events),and severe (1 event) *** 36%of ICMEs and 23%of CIRs are found to be geoeffective,which caused geomagnetic *** to four-step development of geomagnetic storms was exhibited during the main phase for this solar *** showed the geomagnetic storms developed one or more steps in the main phase,which were probably related to the driver that triggered the geomagnetic storms.A case study was additionally conducted to observe the variations of the ionospheric disturbance dynamo (Ddyn) phenomenon that resulted from the geomagnetic storm event of 2015July *** attenuation of the Ddyn in the equatorial region was analyzed using the H component of geomagnetic field data from stations in the Asian sector (Malaysia and India).The variations in the Ddyn signatures were observed at both stations,with the TIR station (India) showing higher intensity than the LKW station (Malaysia).

关键词： (Sun:) solar-terrestrial relations (Sun:) sunspots Sun: activity Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs)

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Meridional movement of northern and southern equatorial ionization anomaly crests in the East-Asian sector during 2002-2003SSW

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第4期60卷 776-785页

作者： MO XiaoHua ZHANG DongHe Larisa GONCHARENKO ZHANG ShunRong HAO YongQiang XIAO Zuo PEI JiaZheng akimasa yoshikawa CHAU HaDuyen College of Science Guangxi University for Nationalities Department of Geophysics Peking University Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Automation Wuhan University of Technology Earth and Planetary Sciences International Center for Space WeatherKyushu University Hanoi Institute of Geophysics Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology

The present paper investigates the asymmetrical variability of the location of the north and the south equatorial ionization anomaly(EIA) crests in the East-Asian sector,along with their association with simultaneous observations of equatorial electrojet(EEJ) strength,geomagnetic activity index,and solar flux index during the 2002-2003 sudden stratospheric wanning(SSW) *** of these observations indicates the existence of a large-scale quasi 16-day periodic meridional movement in both EIA crests,and also reveals a strong correlation between the quasi 16-day oscillation in geomagnetic latitudes of the EIA crest and EEJ *** latitude of the northern/southern EIA crest and the EEJ strength indicate that obvious synchronous periodic oscillations were in-phase in the northern and southern hemisphere when the SSW *** addition,it is also found that both the EIA crest location and amplitude of the periodic movement of the EIA locations exhibit hemispheric *** amplitude of the periodic movement of the EIA location in the southern hemisphere is larger than that of the northern hemisphere,and the southern EIA crest is further off from the equator than the north *** these asymmetries requires a combination of mechanisms that involve at least trans-equator meridional winds and the position of a sub-solar point;however,potential disturbances in neutral winds associated with the SSW may additionally complicate the equatorial ionospheric dynamics.

关键词：赤道异常周期运动波峰东亚板块不对称性周期振荡环境影响评估

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Freeze-thaw cycles and associated geomorphology in a post-glacial environment:current glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and proglacial scenarios at Pico de Orizaba volcano,Mexico

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1954-1977页

作者： Víctor SOTO Carlos M.WELSH R. Kenji yoshikawa Hugo DELGADO GRANADOS Centro de Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad VeracruzanaCircuito Gonzalo Aguirre BeltránS/NZona Universitaria91090XalapaMéxico Water and Environmental Research Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México 04150México Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 80333Germany

The glacial history of Pico de Orizaba indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap covered up to~3000 m asl;due to the air temperature increasing,its main glacier has retreated to 5050 m *** retraction of the glacier has left behind an intense climatic instability that causes a high frequency of freeze-thaw cycles of great intensity;the resulting geomorphological processes are represented by the fragmentation of the bedrock that occupies the upper parts of the *** is a notable lack of studies regarding the fragmentation and erosion occurring in tropical high mountains,and the associated geomorphological risks;for this reason,as a first stage of future continuous research,this study analyzes the freezing and thawing cycles that occur above 4000 m asl,through continuous monitoring of surface ground *** results allow us to identify and characterize four zones:glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and *** was found that the paraglacial zone presents an intense drop of temperature,of up to~9℃ in only sixty *** rock fatigue and intense freeze-thaw cycles that occur in this area are responsible for the high rate of rock disintegration and represent the main factor of the constant slope dynamics that occur at the *** activity decreases,both in frequency and intensity,according to the distance to the glacier,which is where the temperature presents a certain degree of stability,until reaching the proglacial zone,where cycles are almost non-existent,and therefore there is no gelifraction *** geomorphological processes have resulted in significant alterations to the mountain slopes,which can have severe consequences in terms of risk and water.

关键词： Freeze-Thaw Gelifraction Mountain mechanical erosion Periglacial geomorphology Postglacial scenarios

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Fluorescence‑Based Calibration Model for In‑Situ Measurement of Micro‑scaled Lubricant Thickness Distribution at Indentation Interface

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第2期7卷 76-88页

作者： Motoya yoshikawa Saeko Fujii Shotaro Kadoya Tatsuya Sugihara Masaki Michihata Satoru Takahashi Department of Precision Engineering The University of TokyoHongo 7‑3‑1BunkyoTokyo 113‑8656Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Osaka UniversityYamadaoka 2‑1SuitaOsaka 565‑0871Japan

This study proposes a model for the measurement of microscale liquid film thickness distribution using fluorescence *** interfacial conditions between the tool and the workpiece in mechanical machining are important for understanding these phenomena and *** this study,indentation tests with transparent tools were used to observe interfaces;however,it was challenging to obtain the signal from a thin fluorescent liquid film on smooth and steeply inclined ***,fluorescence-based measurement,such as laser-induced fluorescence,was *** measure the absolute thickness of the thin fluorescent film,calibration of the measurement system is ***,a theoretical model was proposed considering the multiple reflections of excitation light and fluorescence at the inclined surface between the indenter and *** measuring the profile of the surface topography of the indented workpiece and comparing the results with those measured by a surface profiler,the validity of the proposed calibration method and the performance of this measurement system were *** measured surface profiles,including scratches of 2–4μm,were in good agreement,demonstrating the validity of the proposed method.

关键词： Laser-induced fluorescence(LIF) Thickness distribution In-situ measurement Lubricant Mechanical machining

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Challenges of Bioethics Education in Pediatric Basic Nursing Education: A Faculty Perspective

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 105-117页

作者： Junko Nemoto Chikage Kubota Yukiko yoshikawa Faculty of Nursing Hyogo University Kakogawa Japan Department of Emergency Medical Science Suzuka University of Medical Science Suzuka Japan

In the field of pediatric nursing, in the perinatal period, numerous ethical issues arise alongside the advancement of medical technology. However, sufficient education on bioethics is not provided in the pediatric nursing domain of basic nursing education. The purpose of this research is to examine the current status of bioethics education in the pediatric nursing domain of basic nursing education and explore the challenges perceived by the pediatric nursing faculty regarding bioethics education. The research method was a questionnaire survey on 100 randomly selected pediatric nursing faculty members from nursing universities across Japan. The results revealed that although bioethics issues were considered important, the emphasis remained primarily on addressing bioethics as part of nursing that respects children’s rights. Furthermore, respondents expressed difficulties regarding teaching methods and content related to bioethics.

关键词： Basic Nursing Education Bioethics Education Pediatric Nursing

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2002～2003年SSW期间东亚扇区电离层南北赤道异常峰经向运动

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中国科学：地球科学 2017年第3期47卷 367-377页

作者：莫晓华张东和 Larisa GONCHARENKO 张顺荣郝永强萧佐裴嘉政 akimasa yoshikawa HaDuyen CHAU 广西民族大学理学院南宁530006 北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMassachusetts Westford 01886-1229USA 武汉理工大学自动化学院武汉430070 Earth and Planetary Sciences International Center for Space WeatherKyushu UniversityFukuoka 812-8581Japan Hanoi Institute of Geophysics Vietnamese Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoi 100803Vietnam

研究2002~2003年平流层突然增温(SSW)期间,东亚扇区电离层赤道异常南北峰位置的变化特征.通过与该期间平流层再分析数据(温度、风速)、电离层赤道电激流(EEJ)强度、地磁活动指数以及太阳辐射指数比较,分析了赤道异常南北峰变化的机理.... 详细信息

研究2002~2003年平流层突然增温(SSW)期间,东亚扇区电离层赤道异常南北峰位置的变化特征.通过与该期间平流层再分析数据(温度、风速)、电离层赤道电激流(EEJ)强度、地磁活动指数以及太阳辐射指数比较,分析了赤道异常南北峰变化的机理.结果表明,在SSW期间,南北峰均出现大尺度的准16日周期性经向运动,这种经向运动(赤道异常峰位置的周期振荡)与EEJ强度变化相关,两者在准16日周期振荡上存在同相关系,而与太阳活动和地磁活动无明显关系.此外,赤道异常峰的平均位置及其准16日周期振荡的振幅都具有南北不对称性.在位置上,赤道异常南峰比赤道异常北峰更远离磁赤道,在振幅上南峰强于北峰.在南北峰位置不对称性方面,需要结合低纬度地区电离层高度的跨赤道中性风和太阳直射点等因素进行综合分析,而SSW期间大气中性风的变化可能会增加低纬度地区电离层动力学过程的复杂性.

关键词：电离层赤道异常峰平流层突然增温(SSW) 电离层赤道电激流

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Glacial reconstruction and periglacial dynamics at the end of Late Pleistocene on the surface of Cofre de Perote volcano,México:a climatological retrospective

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第9期20卷 2453-2467页

作者： Victor SOTO Hugo DELGADO-GRANADOS Carlos M.WELSH Kenji yoshikawa Centro de Ciencias de la Tierra Universidad VeracruzanaXalapaVeracruz 91090México Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México 04150México Water and Environmental Research Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA

Despite being within the intertropical region of the planet,the Mexican territory still has glacier-covered *** recent decades,important advances have been made in studies on glaciology and periglacial environment in Mexico both for current and past ***,in spite of Cofre de Perote volcano(4200 m a.s.l.)being a strategically located mountain,it has not yet been studied in regards to the glacial and periglacial processes;in fact,those dynamics have modified the mountain massifs in the *** complement the series of studies on glacial history in the high mountain environment of México,this study reconstructs the glacial cover and the periglacial environment of the volcano surface during the final stage of the Late Pleistocene based on climatic retrospective and through the identification of geomorphological *** findings indicate the existence of a large glacier(ice cap)that covered the northern,western,and southern slopes of the mountain;while in the eastern sector there were two small glaciers,one being of cirque type,and the other of valley *** current temperature conditions prevent the occurrence of permanent ice bodies;at the same time,it was found that the periglacial blockfields of the slopes is a legacy of the climatic conditions that prevailed at the end of Late Pleistocene.

关键词： Cofre de Perote Glacial cover Periglacial environment Climatic retrospective Palaeoclimatic modelling

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Study of visualized simulation and analysis of nuclear fuel cycle system based on multilevel flow model

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2005年第6期16卷 358-370页

作者： yoshikawa Hidekazu Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University Engineering Building 2 Room 123Kyoto University Yoshida Honmachi Sakyoku Kyoto Japan 606-8501

Complex energy and environment system, especially nuclear fuel cycle system recently raised socialconcerns about the issues of economic competitiveness, environmental effect and nuclear proliferation. Only underthe condition that those conflicting issues are gotten a consensus between stakeholders with different knowledgebackground, can nuclear power industry be continuingly developed. In this paper, a new analysis platform has beendeveloped to help stakeholders to recognize and analyze various socio-technical issues in the nuclear fuel cycle systembased on the functional modeling method named Multilevel Flow Models (MFM) according to the cognition theoryof human being. Its character is that MFM models define a set of mass, energy and information flow structures onmultiple levels of abstraction to describe the functional structure of a process system and its graphical symbol representationand the means-end and part-whole hierarchical flow structure to make the represented process easy to beunderstood. Based upon this methodology, a micro-process and a macro-process of nuclear fuel cycle system wereselected to be simulated and some analysis processes such as economics analysis, environmental analysis and energybalance analysis related to those flows were also integrated to help stakeholders to understand the process of decision-making with the introduction of some new functions for the improved Multilevel Flow Models Studio, and finallythe simple simulation such as spent fuel management process simulation and money flow of nuclear fuel cycleand its levelised cost analysis will be represented as feasible examples.

关键词：核燃料功能模型能源工业核能环境友好性核电厂

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Study on the hydrothermal drying technology of sewage sludge

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 160-163页

作者： Kunio yoshikawa Tokyo Institute of Technology G5-84259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8502Japan

Drying of sewage sludge is an effective way for treatment and utilization of sewage sludge,where reduction of energy consumption is one of the major technical *** we experimentally investigated the possibility of the hydrothermal *** have found that treatment of sewage sludge by saturated steam with the temperature of 190°C and pressure of 20 bar can dramatically improve the dehydration performance of the slurry like *** the water content can be reduced down to about 55% by a mechanical *** natural drying 24 h it can be reduced down to about 20%.The final product is almost odorless and can easily be used for the refuse derived fuel(RDF).The sewage sludge product may be used as land-fill,or burned in a boiler or incinerator.

关键词： sewage sludge hydrothermal drying mechanical dehydration

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Mobile power generation system based on biomass gasifcation

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第3期9卷 171-184页

作者： Lu Ding Mingming Yang Kai Dong Dai‑Viet N.Vo Douglas Hungwe Jiahan Ye Alexander Ryzhkov Kunio yoshikawa Institute of Clean Coal Technology East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Environmental Science and Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology4259 Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohama 226-8503Japan College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Material ScienceZaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang 277160China Institute of Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City 755414Vietnam ZHE JIANG ECO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD.1188The Headquarters of the Free Port H Building 20FWuxing DistrictHuzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Ural Federal University EkaterinburgRussia

Disaster-hit and/or un-electrifed remote areas usually have electricity accessibility issues and an abundance of plant-derived debris and wood from destroyed wooden structures;this can be potentially addressed by employing a decentralized ultrasmall biomass-fed gasifcation power generating *** paper presents an assessment of the technical viability of an ultra-small gasifcation system that utilizes densifed carbonized wood pellets/*** setup was run continuously for 100 h.A variety of biomass was densifed and carbonized by harnessing fugitive heat sources before charging into the *** briquettes and furnished blends exhibited inferior gasifcation performance compared to the carbonized *** the absence of tar blockage problems,steady-state conditions were achieved when pre-treated feedstock was *** steady-state conditions for carbonized pellets gasifcation operated at an equivalence ratio of 0.32,cold gas efciency and carbon conversion achieved 49.2%and 70.5%,*** efciency and maximum power output of 20.3%and 21 kW were realised,*** was found that the system could keep stable while the low heating valve of syngas was over 4 MJ/m^(3)on condition that avoiding tar blocking *** results indicate that the proposed compact ultra-small power generation system is a technically feasible approach to remedy power shortage *** addition,process simulation considering carbonized wood gasifcation combined power generation was formulated to produce syngas and *** pellets with the fow rate of 20 kg/h could generate a 15.18 kW power at the air fow rate of 40 Nm^(3)/h,which is in a good agreement with 15 kW in the 100 h *** is indicated that the gasifcation combined power generation cycle simulated by Aspen simulator could achieve reliable data to assist the complicated experiment operation.

关键词： Small-scale power generation Densifcation Carbonized pellet Carbonized briquette Gasifcation

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