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The promises and challenges of research on plant-insect-microbe interactions

Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 904-909页

作者： Jean-Christophe Simon Arjen Biere akiko sugio UMR 1349 Institut de Genetique Environnement et Protection des Plantes INRA Agrocampus Ouest Universite Rennes 1 Domaine de la Motte Le Rheu Cedex France Department of Terrestrial Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology NIOO-KNA W Wageningen the Netherlands

Ecological interactions are of paramount importance for the functioning and health of ecosystems. Phytophagous insects are part of complex ecological networks involving abiotic factors, host plants, natural enemies, and benefi- cial organisms （McLean et al., 2016）. Insects and plants are also associated durably or transitorily with a wealth of microbes including pathogens, commensals and beneficial partners from a vast array of microbial taxa （sugio et al., 2015）. In recent years, evidence has accumulated that microbes directly or indirectly influence plant-insect interactions at individual, population and community levels.

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Consequences of coinfection with protective symbionts on the host phenotype and symbiont titres in the pea aphid system

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 798-808页

作者： Melanie Leclair Sarah Polin Thibaut Jousseaume Jean-Christophe Simon akiko sugio Stephanie Morliere Takema Fukatsu Tsutomu Tsuchida Yannick Outreman IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Universite Bretagne-Loire Rennes France IGEPP Agrocampus OuestINRA Universit6 de Rennes 1 Le Rheu France Bioproduction Research Institute AIST Tsukuba Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama Japan

Symbiotic associations between microbes and insects are widespread, and it is frequent that several symbionts share the same host individual. Hence, interactions can occur between these symbionts, influencing their respective abundance within the host with consequences on its phenotype. Here, we investigate the effects of multiple infections in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisurn, which is the host of an obligatory and several facultative symbionts. In particular, we study the influence of a coinfection with 2 protective symbionts： Harniltonella defensa, which confers protection against parasitoids, and Rickettsiella viridis, which provides protection against fungal pathogens and predators. The effects of Hamiltonella-Rickettsiella coinfection on the respective abundance of the symbionts, host fitness and efficacy of enemy protection were studied. Asymmetrical interactions between the 2 protective symbionts have been found： when they coinfect the same aphid individuals, the Rickettsiella infection affected Hamiltonella abundance within hosts but not the Hamiltonella-mediated protective phenotype while the Hamiltonella infection negatively influences the Rickettsiella-mediated protective phenotype but not its abundance. Harboring the 2 protective symbionts also reduced the survival and fecundity of host individuals. Overall, this work highlights the effects of multiple infections on symbiont abundances and host traits that are likely to impact the maintenance of the symbiotic associations in natural habitats.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum Hamiltonella defensa host fitness multiple infections protective symbionts symbiont abundance

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