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Proton pump inhibitor step-down therapy for GERD:A multi-center study in Japan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第11期17卷 1480-1487页

作者： Takao Tsuzuki Hiroyuki Okada Yoshiro Kawahara Ryuta Takenaka Junichiro Nasu Hidehiko Ishioka akiko Fujiwara Fumiya Yoshinaga Kazuhide Yamamoto Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Okayama University Graduate School of MedicineDentistryand Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama 700-8558Japan Department of Internal Medicine Tsuyama Central HospitalOkayama 708-0841Japan Ishioka clinic Hiroshima 721-0926Japan Department of Internal Medicine Okayama Saiseikai General HospitalOkayama 700-8511Japan Deparment of Internal Medicine Mihara Red Cross HospitalHiroshima 723-8512Japan

AIM:To investigate the predictors of success in stepdown of proton pump inhibitor and to assess the quality of life(QOL).METHODS:Patients who had heartburn twice a week or more were treated with 20 mg omeprazole(OPZ) once daily for 8 wk as an initial therapy(study 1).Patients whose heartburn decreased to once a week or less at the end of the initial therapy were enrolled in study 2 and treated with 10 mg OPZ as maintenance therapy for an additional 6 mo(study 2).QOL was in-vestigated using the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale(GSRS)before initial therapy,after both 4 and 8 wk of initial therapy,and at 1,2,3,and 6 mo after starting maintenance ***:In study 1,108 patients were *** characteristics were as follows;median age:63(range: 20-88)years,sex:46 women and 62 *** success rate of the initial therapy was 76%.In the patients with successful initial therapy,abdominal pain,indigestion and reflux GSRS scores were *** study 2,83 patients were *** of 83 patients completed the study 2 *** the per-protocol analysis,80%of 70 patients were successful for *** multivariate analysis of baseline demographic data and clinical information,no previous treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)[odds ratio (OR)0.255,95%CI:0.06-0.98]and a lower indigestion score in GSRS at the beginning of step-down therapy(OR 0.214,95%CI:0.06-0.73)were found to be the predictors of successful step-down *** improved GSRS scores by initial therapy were maintained through the step-down ***:OPZ was effective for most GERD ***,those who have had previous treatment for GERD and experience dyspepsia before stepdown require particular monitoring for relapse.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole Step-down therapy Gastrointestinal symptom rating scale

Analysis of the Impact of the Decline in Crude Oil Imports on the Japanese Economy

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Economics World 2017年第3期5卷 239-267页

作者： akiko Higashi-Shiraishi Mitsubishi Research Institute Inc. Tokyo Japan

In Japan, crude oil use depends almost exclusively on imports, mainly from the Middle East. Therefore, guaranteeing crude oil imports is an important issue for the Japanese energy policy. To analyze the impact of a decrease in crude oil imports, two features of crude oil as an energy good should be taken into consideration, namely being a factor of production in the energy sector and feedstock in petroleum and coal products. This study uses the GTAP and GTAP-E models to evaluate the impact of the decrease in crude oil imports in Japan, applying the same methodology and exogenous values, and analyzes the difference of the simulation results between the two models. In Japan, crude oil is used in two sectors： as feedstock in petroleum and coal products, and as a factor of production in the electricity sector. When energy goods are used as feedstock, the GTAP model, in which energy goods are treated as intermediate inputs with fixed coefficients, is suitable for analysis. The GTAP-E model, which incorporates an energy substitution structure into the GTAP model, is, on the other hand, suitable for analyzing energy goods when they are used as a factor of production. Furthermore, this study uses both a static analysis and an analysis incorporating capital accumulation effects to evaluate short-term, as well as medium to long-term impacts. The simulation results clearly indicate that, in the GTAP-E model, when crude oil imports from the Middle East decrease, Japan attempts to increase its crude oil imports from other regions, but by less than in the case of the GTAP model. The results of this study show that, for energy goods used mainly as feedstock, such as crude oil, analysis with fixed coefficients presents more realistic simulation results than those using the energy substitution structure.

关键词： GTAP Model energy substitution fixed coefficients Japanese energy policy capital accumulationeffects crude oil imports

Consequences of coinfection with protective symbionts on the host phenotype and symbiont titres in the pea aphid system

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 798-808页

作者： Melanie Leclair Sarah Polin Thibaut Jousseaume Jean-Christophe Simon akiko Sugio Stephanie Morliere Takema Fukatsu Tsutomu Tsuchida Yannick Outreman IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Universite Bretagne-Loire Rennes France IGEPP Agrocampus OuestINRA Universit6 de Rennes 1 Le Rheu France Bioproduction Research Institute AIST Tsukuba Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama Japan

Symbiotic associations between microbes and insects are widespread, and it is frequent that several symbionts share the same host individual. Hence, interactions can occur between these symbionts, influencing their respective abundance within the host with consequences on its phenotype. Here, we investigate the effects of multiple infections in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisurn, which is the host of an obligatory and several facultative symbionts. In particular, we study the influence of a coinfection with 2 protective symbionts： Harniltonella defensa, which confers protection against parasitoids, and Rickettsiella viridis, which provides protection against fungal pathogens and predators. The effects of Hamiltonella-Rickettsiella coinfection on the respective abundance of the symbionts, host fitness and efficacy of enemy protection were studied. Asymmetrical interactions between the 2 protective symbionts have been found： when they coinfect the same aphid individuals, the Rickettsiella infection affected Hamiltonella abundance within hosts but not the Hamiltonella-mediated protective phenotype while the Hamiltonella infection negatively influences the Rickettsiella-mediated protective phenotype but not its abundance. Harboring the 2 protective symbionts also reduced the survival and fecundity of host individuals. Overall, this work highlights the effects of multiple infections on symbiont abundances and host traits that are likely to impact the maintenance of the symbiotic associations in natural habitats.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum Hamiltonella defensa host fitness multiple infections protective symbionts symbiont abundance

Prevalence of underweight and overweight among school-aged children and it's association with children's sociodemographic and lifestyle in Indonesia

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2016年第2期3卷 169-177页

作者： Syahrul Syahrul Rumiko Kimura akiko Tsuda Tantut Susanto Ruka Saito Fithria Ahmad Department of Community and Family Health Nursing School of NursingHasanuddin UniversityTamalanreaMakassarIndonesia Division of Health Sciences Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityIshikawaJapan Pediatric Nursing Department Division of Health SciencesGraduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityIshikawaJapan Family and Community Health Nursing Department School of NursingUniversitas JemberJemberJawa TimurIndonesia Division of Nutrition Office of Health of South-East Sulawesi ProvinceKendariIndonesia

Objectives:Underweight remains a health problem among Indonesian children,and the incidence of overweight continuously *** study aims to determine factors associated with underweight and overweight in school-aged children in ***:This study is a cross-sectional investigation on parents and children aged 6e13 years in elementary schools in Makassar,*** participants included 877 children and their *** data were obtained using standardized equipment,and sociodemographic and lifestyle data were determined using a *** nutritional status of the children was assessed based on the child growth standard prescribed by the ***:The prevalence rates of underweight and overweight among the children were 14.5%and 20.4%,*** was more prevalent in *** such as mother's level of education,having an underweight father,and playing outdoors on weekends for more than 2 h were significantly associated with underweight *** contrast,mothers with high levels of education,overweight parents,sleeping for less than 9 h,and playing outdoors on weekends for less than 1 h were significantly associated with overweight children.

关键词： Child Lifestyle Overweight Underweight

Chemical Synthesis of Carbon Nanorings and Nanobelts

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Accounts of Materials Research 2021年第8期2卷 681-691页

作者： Yuanming Li Hideya Kono Takehisa Maekawa Yasutomo Segawa akiko Yagi Kenichiro Itami Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules(WPI-ITbM)and Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8602Japan Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery(Fujian Province University) College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108 FujianChina Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8602Japan Institute of Chemistry Academia SinicaTaipei 115 TaiwanR.O.C Institute for Molecular Science MyodaijiOkazaki 444-8787Japan Department of Structural Molecular Science SOKENDAI(The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)MyodaijiOkazaki 444-8787Japan Institute of Chemistry Academia SinicaTaipei 115 TaiwanR.O.C***/0000-0001-5227-7894

CONSPECTUS:The discovery and creation of new forms of carbon have always transformed the scientific *** example,the discoveries of fullerenes,carbon nanotubes(CNTs),and graphenes have opened doors to the science of nanometersized carbon allotropes,otherwise known as *** then,researchers worldwide have unveiled their outstanding physical and chemical properties,and a number of applications and technologies have arisen in not only materials science but also biological research *** synthesis and study of this privileged class of“single-molecule”compounds has become one of the most engaging subjects in chemistry and holds huge promise to establish new fields in molecular ***,there have been huge gaps between established small-molecule chemistry and nanocarbon *** the particular case of CNTs,it is still not possible to access structurally uniform *** a wide range of synthetic methods have been reported,CNTs are generally accessed as a mixture of various *** logical strategy to achieve full synthetic control over CNTs is to build up from a template molecule with structural precision(the so-called“growth-from-template”strategy),where a short CNT segment molecule represents an initial synthetic *** this end,organic synthesis techniques are our most powerful tools to synthesize short CNT segments such as carbon nanorings and carbon *** Account highlights our 16-year campaign in the synthesis and application of carbon nanorings and carbon *** first topic is the synthesis of carbon nanorings(cycloparaphenylenes)as substructures of *** second topic is the synthesis of armchair and zigzag carbon nanobelts,which consist solely of fully fused hexagonal rings and provide a continuous double-stranded cylindrical *** third topic is the synthesis of methylene-bridged cycloparaphenylene,an aromatic belt containing nonhexagonal rings,in which the cyclic paraphenylene chain i

关键词： rings synthesis hexagonal

Contribution of the toxic advanced glycation end-productsreceptor axis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-related hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第23期7卷 2459-2469页

作者： Jun-ichi Takino Kentaro Nagamine Takamitsu Hori akiko Sakasai-Sakai Masayoshi Takeuchi Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hiroshima International University Department of Advanced Medicine Medical Research Institute Kanazawa Medical University

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The main etiologies of HCC are hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus(HCV), and non-hepatitis B/non-hepatitis C HCC(NBNCHCC) has also been identified as an etiological factor. Although the incidence of HCV-related HCC in Japan has decreased slightly in recent years, that of NBNC-HCC has increased. The onset mechanism of NBNC-HCC, which has various etiologies, remains unclear; however, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is known to be an important risk factor for NBNC-HCC. Among the different advanced glycation end-products(AGEs) formed by the Maillard reaction, glyceraldehyde-derived AGEs, the predominant components of toxic AGEs(TAGE), have been associated with NASH and NBNC-HCC, including NASH-related HCC. Furthermore, the expression of the receptor for AGEs(RAGE) has been correlated with the malignant progression of HCC. Therefore, TAGE induce oxidative stress by binding with RAGE may, in turn, lead to adverse effects, such as fibrosis and malignant transformation, in hepatic stellate cells and tumor cells during NASH or NASH-related HCC progression. The aim of this review was to examine the contribution of the TAGE-RAGE axis in NASH-related HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Nonalcoholic steatohepati

A Study on the Distances of Small Mobile Robot Moves towards Infants

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第8期8卷 982-988页

作者： Ami Yasaka akiko Watanabe Graduate School of Science and Technology for Future Life Tokyo Denki University Tokyo 120-8551 Japan Department of Architecture Tokyo Denki University Tokyo 120-8551 Japan

In recent years, it is remarkable that various robots are being developed, and the development of robot technology is beginning to be taken into an actual living space. There are still many questions that we will have to answer for the harmonization of living together with a robot. This study is focused on ＂the study of how to plan and design a living space in harmonizing with robots＂, and focused on the effects of infants （subjects） along with the distance between robots and themselves. The study is to seek for the minimum distance for the subjects who felt that ＂I do not want a robot to be any closer being approached to me＂. This experiment was conducted among 30 infants at the kindergarten, utilizing a small experimental robot. A small robot whose dimension is 120 mm （W） ×130 mm （D） × 70 mm （H）, approaching infants as is to see if it would make any differences to the infant＇s reactions.

关键词： Small mobile robot individual distance infants living space

Personal Space of Small Mobile Robot Moving towards Crouching, Sitting and Supine Adult Males

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第6期7卷 698-703页

作者： Saori Nakajima akiko Watanabe Graduate School of Science and Technology for Future Life Tokyo Denki University Tokyo 120-8551 Japan Department of Architecture Tokyo Denki University Tokyo 120-8551 Japan

In this paper, the authors present a basic study of the planning techniques for human-robot living spaces. Taking into account the previous studies, the authors clarify at what distances adult males feel comfortable with a small mobile robot. The authors investigated the impact of differences in position in a personal distance of the robot. The authors make the robot to move towards the subjects at different speeds and from five different angles （0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180°） while they were crouching, sitting on the floor and supine. In this experiment, about setting up a small mobile robot, the authors explained the robot does not have a support function for the people watching. A questionnaire survey was also conducted before and after the experiments. The result is that differences were out to personal distance with the robot due to the difference in position. The research finds that personal distance also becomes small position changes, sight line becomes lower. In addition, individual distance is increased when the slow speed as well as the paper before.

关键词： Small mobile robot personal space living space position the height of the eye.

Phylogeny and putative hybridization in the subtribe Paranepheliinae （Liabeae, Asteraceae）, implications for classification, biogeography, and Andean orogeny

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植物分类学报 2008年第3期46卷 375-390页

作者： akiko SOEJIMA Jun WEN Mario ZAPATA Michael O. DILLON School of Science Osaka Prefecture University Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan Department of Botany National Museum of Natural History MR C-166 Smithsonian Institution Washington DC 20013 -7012 USA Museo de Historia Natural Universidad Antenor Orrego Trujillo 1075 Peru Department of Botany The Field Museum Chicago IL 60605 USA

The nuclear ribosomal ITS region and the chloroplast trnL-trnF (trnLF) intergenic region were se-quenced for 45 accessions of Paranephelius and six accessions of Pseudonoseris, the two genera of the subtribe Paranepheliinae (Liabeae, Asteraceae) distributed in the alpine regions of the Andes. This data set was used to estimate relationships between these genera and within each genus to aid in evaluating morphological variation and classification. Our results with both ITS and trnLF markers support the monophyly of subtribe Paranephelii-nae, and place Pseudonoseris discolor as the first diverged taxon sister to the clade containing Paranephelius. Pseudonoseris szyszylowiczii exhibited intraspecific divergence supporting intergeneric hybridization between Pseudonoseris and Paranephelius. Within Paranephelius, genetic divergence is low and not adequate to fully resolve phylogenetic relationships at the species level, but two genetically and morphologically recognizable groups were revealed by the ITS data. Several accessions possessing multiple ITS sequences represent putative hybrids between the two groups. These putative hybrids have caused some taxonomic confusion and difficulties in establishing species boundaries in Paranephelius. The divergence time estimates based on ITS sequences indi-cated that the stem of subtribe Paranepheliinae dates to 13 million years ago, but the diversification of the crown clade of the extant members began in the early Pleistocene or late Pliocene, perhaps associated with the uplift of the Andes and the climatic changes of global cooling.

关键词：系统演化杂交生物地理学安第斯山脉造山运动