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Presence of a cerebral factor showing summer-morph- producing hormone activity in the brain of the seasonal non- polyphenic butterflies Vanessa cardui, V. indica and Nymphalis xanthomelas japonica （Lepidoptera： Nymphalidae）

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 125-130页

作者： Ayuki Tanaka Moeko Inoue Katsuhiko Endo Chisato Kitazawa Akira yamanaka Laboratory of Environmental Biology Department of Physics Biology and Informatics Faculty of Science Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Laboratory of Environmental Biology Graduate School of Medicine Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi 753-8512 Biological Institute Faculty of Education Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi 753-8513 Japan

Three species ofnymphalid butterflies, Vanessa cardui, V. indica and Nymphalis xanthomelasjaponica, do not exhibit seasonal polyphenism in wing coloration. To deter-mine whether seasonal non-polyphenic butterflies possess a cerebral factor affecting wing coloration, we used a Polygonia c-aureurn female short-day pupal assay for detection of summer-morph-producing hormone （SMPH） activity in P. c-aureum. When 2% NaCl extracts of 25 brain-equivalents prepared from the pupal brains of V. cardui, V. indica or N. xanthomelasjaponica were injected into Polygonia female short-day pupae, all recipients developed into summer-morph adults with dark-yellow wings, and the average grade score （AGS） of summer morphs showing SMPH activity was 3.8, 3.7 and 4.0, respectively. In contrast, when acetone or 80% ethanol extracts prepared from pupal brains were injected into Polygonia pupae, all recipients developed into autumn-morph adults with a dark-brown coloration and each exhibited an AGS of less than 0.5. Our results indicate that a cerebral factor showing SMPH activity is present in the pupal brain of seasonal non-polyphenic nymphalid butterflies, suggesting that a SMPH and cerebral factor showing SMPH activity occur widely among butterfly species. This finding will improve our understanding of the presence of cerebral factors showing interspecific actions of SHPH.

关键词： Key words Nymphalis xanthomelasjaponica seasonal non-polyphenic butterfly seasonalpolyphenism summer-morph-producing hormone Vanessa cardui wing coloration

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Effect of Partially Substituting Ca with Mischmetal on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-Al-Ca-Mn-Based Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第2期32卷 205-217页

作者： Chao Xu Taiki Nakata Guo-Hua Fan Kosuke yamanaka Guang-Ze Tang Lin Geng Shigeharu Kamado School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology

Mg-2Al-1.2Ca-0.2Mn(at%)-based alloys with Ce-rich mischmetal(MM) substitution of 0–0.6 at% for Ca were hot extruded at 400 °C. The effect of MM substitution on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the extruded alloys was investigated. The as-cast Mg-2Al-1.2Ca-0.2Mn alloy is mainly composed of a-Mg, Mg_2Ca and(Mg,Al)_2Ca phases and Al_8Mn_5 precipitates, whereas the substitution of MM brings about the formation of Al_(11)MM_3, Al_2MM phases and Al_(10)MM_2Mn_7 particles with the absence of (Mg,Al)_2Ca phase. The volume fraction of MM-containing phases increases with increasing MM contents. All of the extruded alloys exhibit bimodal microstructure comprising fine dynamically recrystallized grains with almost random orientation and coarse deformed grains with strong basal texture. Dense nanosized planar Al_2Ca and spherical Al–Mn phases precipitate inside the deformed grains. High tensile yield strengths of~ 350 MPa and moderate elongations to failure of >12% are obtained in all extruded alloys; the MM substitution induces negligible difference in the tensile properties at ambient temperature, while the highest MM substitution improves the strength at 180 °C due to the better thermal stability of the fragmented MM-containing phases.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Extrusion Microstructures Precipitation Mechanical properties

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Nitrogen resorption and fractionation during leaf senescence in typical tree species in Japan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2053-2062页

作者： Ayako Enta Mika Hayashi Maximo Larry Lopez Caceres Lei Fujiyoshi Toshiro yamanaka Akira Oikawa Felix Seidel Faculty of Agriculture Yamagata UniversityWakabamachi 1-23Tsuruoka 997-8555Japan Research Institute for Humanity and Nature Motoyama 457-4KamigamoKita-kuKyoto 603-8047Japan Department of Ocean and Environmental Sciences Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology4-5-7 Konan Minato-kuTokyo 108-8477Japan

In northeastern Japan,an area of high precipitation and mountains,beech(Fagus creanata Blume),larch(Larix kaempferi Lamb.),cedar(Cryptomeria japonica ***)and black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)were evaluated for N resorption and N isotope fractionation in preand post-abscission leaves in comparison to green *** highest leaf N concentration in summer corresponded to the N-fi xing black locust,followed in decreasing order by the deciduous beech and larch and evergreen *** the other hand,the lowest N resorption effi ciency corresponded to black locust and the highest to beech,in increasing order by larch and *** tree species returned signifi cant amounts of N before leaf abscission;however,N isotope fractionation during leaf N resorption was only found for beech,with a depleted N isotope value from green to pre-abscission *** most N,however,was resorbed from pre-abscission to *** result may indicate thatδ15 N fractionation took place during N transformation processes,such as protein hydrolysis,when the concentration of free amino acids increased *** diff erence in the type of amino acid produced by each species could have infl uenced the N isotope ratio in beech but not in the other tree *** results of this study showed that it is possible to infer the type and timing of processes relevant to N resorption by analyzing leafδ15 N variation during senescence.

关键词： Amino acids Cool temperate forest Fresh litter N resorption δ15 N

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Inverse correlation between reactive oxygen species in unwashed semen and sperm motion parameters as measured by a computer-assisted semen analyzer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第3期19卷 350-354页

作者： Teppei Takeshima Yasushi Yumura Kengo Yasuda Hiroyuki Sanjo Shinnosuke Kuroda Hiroyuki yamanaka Akira Iwasaki Department of Urology Reproductive Center Yokohama City University Medical Center Yokohama Kanagawa Japan YMRAC Urology Office Yokohama Kanagawa Japan.

This study investigated the correlation between sperm motion parameters obtained by a computer-assisted semen analyzer and levels of reactive oxygen species in unwashed semen. In total, 847 patients, except for azoospermic patients were investigated. At the time of each patient＇s first consultation, semen parameters were measured using SMASTM or CellSoft 3000TM, and production of reactive oxygen species was measured using a computer-driven LKB Wallac Luminometer 1251 Analyzer. The patients were divided into two groups： reactive oxygen species - positive and negative. The semen parameters within each group were measured using one of the two computer-assisted semen analyzer systems and then compared. Correlations between reactive oxygen species levels and sperm motion parameters in semen from the reactive oxygen species - positive group were also investigated. Reactive oxygen species were detected in semen samples of 282 cases （33.3%）. Sperm concentration （P 〈 0.01; P 〈 0.01）, motility （P 〈 0.01; P 〈 0.05）, and progressive motility （P 〈 0.01; P 〈 0.01） were markedly lower in the reactive oxygen species - positive group than in the reactive oxygen species - negative group. Among the sperm motion parameters in the reactive oxygen species - positive group, sperm concentration （P 〈 0.01; P 〈 0.01）, motility （P 〈 0.05; P 〈 0.01）, mALH （P 〈 0.05; P 〈 0.01）, and progressive motility （P 〈 0.05; P 〈 0.01） also showed inverse correlations with the logarithmic transformed reactive oxygen species levels. Therefore, this study demonstrated that excessive reactive oxygen species in semen damage sperm concentration, motility, and other sperm motion parameters.

关键词： oxidative stress reactive oxygen species semen analysis sperm motility

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Plasmid DNA encoding neutralizing human monoclonal antibody without enhancing activity protects against dengue virus infection in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第7期14卷 299-308页

作者： Surachet Benjathummarak Atsushi yamanaka Thanyaluk Krasae Chonlatip Pipattanaboon Subenya Injampa Pannamthip Pitaksajjakul Pongrama Ramasoota Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Center of Excellence for Antibody Research(CEAR) Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases(MOCID) Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases Research Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan Laboratory Animal Science Unit Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityThailand Faculty of Medicine King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology LadkrabangBangkokThailand

Objective: To evaluate the expression of DNA plasmid-harboring modified antibody gene that produces neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against four serotypes of dengue virus(DENV) without enhancing activity in BALB/c mice. Methods: We constructed pFUSE-based vectors(pFUSE1 G7 C2hVH and pFUSE1 G7 C2hVL) containing genes encoding the variable domains of the heavy or light chain of the anti-dengue virus antibody 1 G7 C2, a human IgG1 that has been characterized for its neutralizing activity to DENV-1-4. Leucine(L) at positions 234 and 235 on the Fc CH2 domain in pFUSE1 G7 C2hVH was mutated to alanine(A)(LALA mutation) by site direct mutagenesis, and the new plasmid was termed pFUSE1 G7 C2hVHLALA. An equal amount of pFUSE1 G7 C2hVL and 1 G7 C2hG1-LALA plasmids were co-transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells(CHO-K1) and a single dose of 100 μg 1 G7 C2hG1-LALA plasmid was intramuscularly injected, followed by electroporation in BALB/c mice. The secreted 1 G7 C2hG1-LALA antibodies in cell culture supernatant and mouse serum were examined for their biological functions, neutralization and enhancing activity. Results: The co-transfection of heavy-and light-chain 1 G7 C2hG1-LALA plasmids in CHO-K1 cells produced approximately 3 900 ng/mL human IgG and neutralized 90%-100% all four DENV, with no enhancing activity. Furthermore, the modified human IgG was produced more than 1 000 ng/mL in mouse serum on day 7 post plasmid injection and showed cross-neutralization to four DENV serotypes. Subsequently, antibody production and neutralization decreased rapidly. Nevertheless, the secreted neutralizing 1 G7 C2hG1-LALA in mouse serum demonstrated complete absence of enhancing activities to all DENV serotypes. Conclusions: These findings reveal that a new modified 1 G7 C2h G1-LALA expressing plasmid based on gene transfer is a possible therapeutic antibody candidate against DENV infection.

关键词： Dengue virus LALA mutation Antibodydependent enhancement(ADE) Antibody plasmid Electroporation

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Investigation of Specifics of Self-Management towards Dealing with Cancer Pain among Adult Outpatients

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Health 2018年第11期10卷 1520-1538页

作者： Masako yamanaka Department of Nursing Science Faculty of Health Care Tenri Health Care University Nara Japan Doctoral Program Graduate School of Nursing Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan

Purpose: This study aimed to identify specifics of self-management towards dealing with cancer pains among adult outpatients. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 adult outpatients (9 males and 7 females) who suffered from cancer pain and the data obtained were analyzed using the qualitative synthesis method of KJ Ho. Results: An analysis of the results revealed these key findings for the following symbolic wording of the semi-structured interviews: Cooperative relationship with medical professionals;Problems originating from cancer pain;Self-regulation of analgesic medications based on the interactions with medical professionals;Self-regulation of the analgesic medications based on the physical perceptions of the effects;Self-regulation to maintain a balanced and calm mind, Fulfilling life by the pain alleviation and liberation from the restrictions imposed by the cancer;and Efforts to maintain their lives by themselves. Conclusion: Based on the cooperative relationship established with medical professionals, the patient carried out the self-regulation of cancer pain using analgesics, and self-regulation to maintain a balanced and calm mind. Nurses must therefore sufficiently educate patients regarding how to communicate successfully with medical professionals in order to improve cancer patients’ pain management regarding both physical and mental aspects.

关键词： Self-Management Cancer Pain Adult Outpatients

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Hemorrhagic gastric and duodenal ulcers after the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第42期19卷 7426-7432页

作者： Kenichi yamanaka Hiroyuki Miyatani Yukio Yoshida Shinichi Asabe Toru Yoshida Misaki Nakano Shin Obara Hidehiko Endo Department of Gastroenterology Iwate Prefectural Kamaishi HospitalKamaishi 026-8550Japan Department of Gastroenterology Jichi Medical UniversitySaitama Medical CenterSaitama 330-8503Japan Department of Surgery Iwate Prefectural Kamaishi HospitalKamaishi 026-8550Japan

AIM:To elucidate the characteristics of hemorrhagic gastric/duodenal ulcers in a post-earthquake period within one medical ***:Hemorrhagic gastric/duodenal ulcers in the Iwate Prefectural Kamaishi Hospital during the 6-mo period after the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster were reviewed *** subjects were 27patients who visited our hospital with a chief complaint of hematemesis or hemorrhagic stool and were diagnosed as having hemorrhagic gastric/duodenal ulcers by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during a 6-mo period starting on March 11,*** period was divided into two phases:the acute stress phase,comprising the first month after the earthquake disaster,and the chronic stress phase,from the second through the sixth *** following items were analyzed according to these phases:age,sex,sites and number of ulcers,peptic ulcer history,status of Helicobacter pylori(***)infection,intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,and degree of impact of the earthquake ***:In the acute stress phase from 10 d to 1mo after the disaster,the number of patients increased rapidly,with a nearly equal male-to-female ratio,and the rate of multiple ulcers was significantly higher than in the previous year(88.9%vs 25%,P<0.005).In the chronic stress phase starting 1 mo after the earthquake disaster,the number of patients decreased to a level similar to that of the previous *** were more male patients during this period,and many patients tended to have a solitary *** patients with duodenal ulcers found in the acute stress phase were negative for serum *** antibodies,and this was significantly different from the previous year’s positive rate of 75%(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Severe stress caused by an earthquake disaster may have affected the characteristics of hemorrhagic gastric/duodenal ulcers.

关键词： Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster Hemorrhagic gastric Duodenal ulcer Helicobacter pylori infection Stress

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发现“不可见” PRODUCTS FROM KAZUHIRO yamanaka

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室内设计与装修 2017年第9期 122-125页

作者： Kazuhiro yamanaka(日)

可折叠的月亮灯（图01-图05）打开灯的瞬间，柔和的光充盈了整个大大的白色圆盘，犹如一轮明月，这款灯因此得名。月亮灯是山中一宏为意大利品牌Pallucco设计的一款产品，其灵感来自于摄影。这款灯的特点是可以轻松地折叠和展开，方便... 详细信息

可折叠的月亮灯（图01-图05）打开灯的瞬间，柔和的光充盈了整个大大的白色圆盘，犹如一轮明月，这款灯因此得名。月亮灯是山中一宏为意大利品牌Pallucco设计的一款产品，其灵感来自于摄影。这款灯的特点是可以轻松地折叠和展开，方便使用者携带。

关键词：可折叠意大利使用者月亮灯

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Temporal changes in nitrogen acquisition of Japanese black pine(Pinus thunbergii) associated with black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 585-589页

作者： M.L.Lopez C. C.Mizota Y.Nobori T.Sasaki T.yamanaka Faculty of Agriculture Yamagata University1-23 Wakabamachi Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-8555 Japan Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Division of Earth Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University1-1 Naka 3-chome Tsushima Okayama Japan

The alien woody legume, black locust （Robinia pseudoaca-cia）, has invaded Japanese black pine （Pinus thunbergii） forests located in Japan’s coastal plain and hill regions where gaps are formed in pine forests after nematode infestation. Nitrogen fixation by legumes acceler-ates N cycling in forest ecosystems. We studied temporal change in the annual tree-ring resolution N stable isotope composition （δ15N, a per mil deviation of δ15N/14N ratio, relative to atmospheric N2δ15N=0‰） at two natural locations of Japanese black pine forest with black locust that differed in the time since black locust establishment （Shohnai in north-east and Kita-Kyushu in southwest Japan）. Analyzed tree-rings covered the period from 1990/1992 to 2009. N acquisition by Japanese black pine from black locust N input to the soil was evidenced by temporal shifting of N stable isotope composition on the annual pine tree rings. With pro-gressive development of the forest stand,δ15N values of earlier tree-ringsδ15N of -5‰） from black pine associated with black locust shifted to-wards values similar to those of black locustδ15N values nearly to-1‰）, which suggests acquisition of N by N2 fixation （Shohnai site）. In con-trast, in a forest where black locust had settled for two or three genera-tions, in a black pine stand （Kita-Kyushu site）, longer periods of N en-richment in the soil were reflected in the elevated tree-ringδ15N values of newly established black pine trees. Based on tree-ringδ15N data from the Shohnai site, we determined that about 10 years after black locust establishment, soil N had already been enriched by black locust N, this, in turn, contributed to N fertilization of surrounding trees in mixed stands.

关键词： δ15N natural abundance Japanese black pine black locust,nitrogen acquisition tree-ring

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Impact Values : 30 Discussion topics to help you explore your own values / Richard ***, Junko yamanaka, Joseph Shaules.

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2003年

作者： Richard R.Day Junko yamanaka Joseph Shaules.

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