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Construction of Design Guidelines for Optimal Automotive Frame Shape Based on Statistical Approach and Mechanical Analysis

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第8期128卷 731-742页

作者： Masanori Honda Chikara Kawamura Isamu Kizaki Yoichi Miyajima akihiro takezawa Mitsuru Kitamura Mazda Motor Corporation 3-1 ShinchiFuchu-choAki-gunHiroshima730-8670Japan Department of Applied Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering School of Fundamental Science and EngineeringWaseda University3-4-1 OkuboShinjuku-kuTokyo169-8555Japan Division of Advanced Science and Engineering Graduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashihiroshimaHiroshima739-8527Japan

A body frame composed of thin sheet metal is a crucial structure that determines the safety performance of a *** a correct weight and high-performance automotive body is an emerging engineering *** improve the performance of the automotive frame,we attempt to reconstruct its design criteria based on statistical and mechanical *** first,a fundamental study on the frame strength is conducted and a cross-sectional shape optimization problem is developed for designing the cross-sectional shape of an automobile frame having a very high mass efficiency for *** optimization is carried out using the nonlinear finite element method and a meta-modeling-based genetic *** analysis of the obtained set of optimal results is performed to identify the dominant design variables by employing the smoothing spline analysis of variance,the principal component analysis,and the self-organizing map *** relationship between the cross-sectional shape and the objective function is also analyzed by hierarchical clustering.A design guideline is obtained from these statistical approach results.A comparison between the statistically obtained design guideline and the conventional one based on the designers’experience is performed based on mechanical interpretation of the optimal cross-sectional ***,a mechanically reasonable new general-purpose design guideline is proposed for the cross-sectional shape of the automotive frame.

关键词： Automotive structure shape optimization data mining statistical approach crash-performance

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Topology Optimization and Fatigue Analysis of Temporomandibular Joint Prosthesis

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World Journal of Mechanics 2017年第12期7卷 323-339页

作者： Musaddiq A. Al-Ali Muazez A. Al-Ali akihiro takezawa Mitsuru Kitamura Department of Transportation and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology College of Dentistry University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq

Treatment of bone tumors in the mandible often involves extensive excavation of affected bone, followed by mandibular reconstruction. Prosthetic implants may be needed to restore jaw functionality. The challenges of making prosthetic bone implants include stress shielding and extending the mechanical life of the implant. We have developed a design algorithm to improve the efficiency of prosthesis design. A finite element model of the patient case is constructed from a computer tomography scan, and the computer implements topology optimization techniques to design the prosthesis with limited stress shielding affected by highly biomechanical compatibility. Topology optimization facilitates the design of low weight structures by automatically introducing holes into the structure. This is governed by engineering predetermined constraints to meet certain job specifications. Such a design will be tested for fatigue life before it is ready to be manufactured and used. Topology optimization can be performed as a design process to achieve a final design that takes stress shielding into consideration. The problem of stress shielding is solved by matching the stiffness of the orthopedic implant to the original bone that is being replaced. The material we used was titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-7Nb). Volume fraction of the orthodox implant was used (0.2872 for the studied case) as volume constraints. Compliance of the bulk bone was set as a further constraint to match the stiffness of the bone with the designed structure. Our results show a good life expectancy for the designed parts, with 12% higher life expectancy for stress-based topology optimization than for compliance-based topology optimization.

关键词： Topology Optimization Temporomandibular Joint Fatigue Stress Shielding

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Relationship between microstructure and magnetic domain structure of Nd-Fe-B melt-spun ribbon magnets

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2015年第2期9卷 206-210页

作者： Masaaki takezawa Hiroyuki TANEDA Yuji MORIMOTO Department of Applied Science for Integrated System Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology 1-1 Sensui-cho Tobata-ku Kitakyushu Fukuoka 804-8550 Japan

The relation between the microstructure, observed using an electron probe microanalyzer, and the domain structure, observed using a Kerr microscope, was established to evaluate the effects of hot rolling and the addition of Ti-C on the c-axis orientation and the magnetization process of hot-rolled Nd-Fe-B-Ti-C melt-spun ribbons. The addition of Ti-C promotes the c-axis orientation and high coercivity in the ribbons. Elemental mapping suggests a uniform elemental distribution; however, an uneven distribution of Ti was observed in an enlarged grain with Ti-enriched points inside the grain. The reversal domains that nucleated at the Ti-enriched point inside the grain cause low coercivity.

关键词： magnetic domain microstructure Kerr effect microscope magneto-optical effect Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet

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Tree Model Optimization Criterion without Using Prediction Error

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Open Journal of Statistics 2012年第5期2卷 478-483页

作者： Kunio takezawa National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Agricultural Research Center Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Agricultural Research Center Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

The use of prediction error to optimize the number of splitting rules in a tree model does not control the probability of the emergence of splitting rules with a predictor that has no functional relationship with the target variable. To solve this problem, a new optimization method is proposed. Using this method, the probability that the predictors used in splitting rules in the optimized tree model have no functional relationships with the target variable is confined to less than 0.05. It is fairly convincing that the tree model given by the new method represents knowledge contained in the data.

关键词： Cross-Validation Model Optimization Criterion One-SE Rule Significance Level Tree Model

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Flexible Model Selection Criterion for Multiple Regression

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Open Journal of Statistics 2012年第4期2卷 401-407页

作者： Kunio takezawa National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Agricultural Research Center Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

Predictors of a multiple linear regression equation selected by GCV (Generalized Cross Validation) may contain undesirable predictors with no linear functional relationship with the target variable, but are chosen only by accident. This is because GCV estimates prediction error, but does not control the probability of selecting irrelevant predictors of the target variable. To take this possibility into account, a new statistics “GCVf” (“f”stands for “flexible”) is suggested. The rigidness in accepting predictors by GCVf is adjustable;GCVf is a natural generalization of GCV. For example, GCVf is designed so that the possibility of erroneous identification of linear relationships is 5 percent when all predictors have no linear relationships with the target variable. Predictors of the multiple linear regression equation by this method are highly likely to have linear relationships with the target variable.

关键词： GCV GCVf Identification of Functional Relationship Knowledge Discovery Multiple Regression Significance Level

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Laser Treatment of Cutaneous Lesions with Image-Guided Fine Spot-Scanning Irradiation

Laser Treatment of Cutaneous Lesions with Image-Guided Fine ...

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2007亚洲光电子会议保健与生物医学光学分会场

作者： Isami Nitta akihiro Kanno Yasushi Kan takezawa Yoshimasa Tomohiro Maruyama Yoshitaka Maeda Faculty of Engineering Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi 2 Niigata 950-2181 Japan Niigata Ken Area Industry Promotion Center 1-17 Sugoro Sanjyo 955-0092 Japan ACTIVE Co. Ltd.2-2-9 Shinsan Nagaoka 940-2127 Japan Saiseikai Niigata Daini Hospital 280-7 Teraji Niigata 950-1104 Japan Brain Research Institute Niigata University1-757 Asahi-machi-dori Niigata 951-8585 Japan

We propose a new laser irradiation method for the treatment of cutaneous lesions in plastic surgery. In general, lasers with a spot size of 1 to 10 mm are used in irradiation on diseased skin. Although the target absorbs more light energy according to the theory of selective photothermolysis, the surrounding tissue, however, is still somewhat damaged. In proposed method, an f-theta lens, which is assembled by a shrink fitter, focuses the irradiation laser beam to a very fine spot with the size of 125 μm. Guided by the captured object-image, such laser beam is conducted by a pair of galvanometer-driven mirrors to irradiate only the desired tissue target without thermal damage to surrounding tissue. Moreover, an optical coherence tomography, whose probe is capable of wide field of view, can be used to provide the guidance information for the best treatment. The usefulness of the developed laser therapy apparatus was demonstrated by performing an experiment on the removal of tattoo pigment.

关键词： laser surgery laser therapy laser scanning f-theta lens shrink fitter optical coherence tomography finite element method optical design

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A Revision of <i>AIC</i>for Normal Error Models

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Open Journal of Statistics 2012年第3期2卷 309-312页

作者： Kunio takezawa Agroinformatics Division National Agricultural Research Center Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

Conventional Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) for normal error models uses the maximum-likelihood estimator of error variance. Other estimators of error variance, however, can be employed for defining AIC for normal error models. The maximization of the log-likelihood using an adjustable error variance in light of future data yields a revised version of AIC for normal error models. It also gives a new estimator of error variance, which will be called the “third variance”. If the model is described as a constant plus normal error, which is equivalent to fitting a normal distribution to one-dimensional data, the approximated value of the third variance is obtained by replacing (n-1) (n is the number of data) of the unbiased estimator of error variance with (n-4). The existence of the third variance is confirmed by a simple numerical simulation.

关键词： AIC AICc Normal Error Models Third Variance

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Clinical implications of doubling time of gastrointestinal submucosal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 10015-10023页

作者： Shuko Koizumi Mitsuhiro Kida Hiroshi Yamauchi Kosuke Okuwaki Tomohisa Iwai Shiro Miyazawa Miyoko takezawa Hiroshi Imaizumi Wasaburo Koizumi Department of Gastroenterology Kitasato University School of Medicine

AIM To evaluate the efficacy of doubling time(DT) of gastrointestinal submucosal tumors(GIST).METHODS From April 1987 through November 2012, a total of 323 patients were given a final histopathological diagnosis of GISTs on surgical resection or endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) in Kitasato University East Hospital or Kitasato University Hospital. We studied 53 of these patients(34 with resected tumors and 19 with unresected tumors) whose tumors could be measured on EUS on at least two successive occasions. The histopathological diagnosis was GIST in 34 patients, leiomyoma in 5, schwannoma in 3, ectopic pancreas in 1, hamartoma in 1, cyst in 1, Brunner's adenoma in 1, and spindle-cell tumor in 7. We retrospectively calculated the DT of GISTs on the basis of the time course of EUS findings to estimate the growth rate of such *** The DT was 17.2 mo for GIST, as compared with 231.2 mo for leiomyoma, 104.7 mo for schwannoma, 274.9mo for ectopic pancreas, 61.2 mo for hamartoma, 49.0 mo for cyst, and 134.7 mo for Brunner's adenoma. The GISTs were divided into risk classes on the basis of tumor diameters and mitotic figures(Fletcher's classification). The classification was extremely low risk or low risk in 28 patients, intermediate risk in 3, and high risk in 3. DT of GIST according to risk was 24.0 mo for extremely low-risk plus low-risk GIST, 17.1 mo for intermediate-risk GIST, and 3.9 mo for high-risk GIST. DT of GIST was significantly shorter than that of leiomyoma plus schwannoma(P < 0.05), and DT of high-risk GIST was significantly shorter than that of extremely low-risk plus low-risk GIST(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION For GIST, a higher risk grade was associated with a significantly shorter DT. Small SMTs should initially be followed up within 6 mo after detection.

关键词： Gastrointestinal submucosal tumor Doubling time Submucosal tumor Initial observational duration Endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration Fletcher’s classification

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First case of IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8740-8744页

作者： Hironori Masutani Kosuke Okuwaki Mitsuhiro Kida Hiroshi Yamauchi Hiroshi Imaizumi Shiro Miyazawa Tomohisa Iwai Miyoko takezawa Wasaburo Koizumi Department of Gastroenterology Kitasato University East Hospital

To our knowledge,patients with immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis(IgG4-SC)associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA)have not been reported *** patients with IgG4-SC have autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP)and respond to steroid ***,isolated cases of IgG4-SC are difficult to *** describe our experience with a patient who had IgG4-SC without AIP in whom the presence of AIHA led to *** patient was a73-year-old man who was being treated for *** dysfunction was diagnosed on blood tests at another *** studies suggested the presence of carcinoma of the hepatic hilus and primary sclerosing cholangitis,but a rapidly progressing anemia developed *** the diagnosis of AIHA,steroid treatment was begun,and the biliary stricture ***4-SC without AIP was thus diagnosed.

关键词： IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis Immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune pancreatitis

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Effective Medical Creation (EMC) <br/>—A New Approach to Improvement of Patient Management in the Standpoint of Hospital Room Environment

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2020年第12期10卷 409-421页

作者： Satoki Inoue Eriko takezawa Masahiko Kawaguchi Division of Intensive Care and Department of Anesthesiology Nara Medical University Kashihara Nara Japan Medical Commission DAS Designer Association Osaka Japan

Effective Medical Creation (EMC) is a kind of campaign to implement a team healthcare that can provide the most efficient and effective intensive care units (ICUs) by improving hospital room environment for not only patients and their family but also healthcare providers. This campaign was based on the concept of the “Art of Medicine”, which provides everyone a comfortable ICU environment of meditation and feeling with the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. EMC can provide a healthcare environment that is not restricted by existing and traditional verse rules or style and aims to always provide better healthcare by working on the five senses. Provision of facilities for aromatherapy massage at an ornamental hospital room and landscape through a false window has been the ongoing activity of the EMC at Nara Medical University. These seemed effective in reducing a patient’s stress response in the ICU. However, the effect of EMC on the outcomes of critically ill patients has not been determined. EMC might be one of the promising measures to create environments that positively affect both patients and healthcare providers. In this review article, the concept of EMC and practice of EMC at Nara Medical University Hospital are presented.

关键词： Effective Medical Creation Five Sense False Window Intensive Care Unit

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