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Survival of geriatric patients after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in Japan

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5084-5091页

作者： Yutaka Suzuki Seryna Tamez Akihiko Murakami Akihiko Taira akihiro mizuhara Akira Horiuchi Chie Mihara Eiji Ako Hirohito Muramatsu Hitoshi Okano Hitoshi Suenaga Kazuaki Jomoto Junya Kobayashi Katsunari Takifuji Kazuhiro Akiyama Koh Tahara Koji Onishi Makoto Shimazaki Masami Matsumoto Masashi Ijima Masato Murakami Masato Nakahori Michiaki Kudo Michio Maruyama Mikako Takahashi Naohiro Washizawa Shigeru Onozawa Satoshi Goshi Satoyoshi Yamashita Shigeki Ono Shin Imazato Shinji Nishiwaki Shuichirou Kitahara Takao Endo Takao Iiri Takeshi Nagahama Takuto Hikichi Tatsuya Mikami Tetsuo Yamamoto Tetsushi Ogawa Tomoko Ogawa Tomoyuki Ohta Toshifumi Matsumoto Toshiroh Kura Tsutomu Kikuchi Tsuyoshi Iwase Tsuyotoshi Tsuji Yukio Nishiguchi Mitsuyoshi Urashima Department of Surgery International Universi-ty of Health and Welfare Hospital Department of Molecular Epidemiology Jikei University School of Medicine Endoscopy Unit Iwate prefectural Central Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Tsuyama Chuo Hospital Department of Surgery Higashi Washi-nomiya Hospital Digestive Disease Center Showa Inan General Hospital Department of Neurology Ebina Medical Sup-port Center Department of Surgery Sumitomo Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Kiyota Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Okano Clinic Department of Geriatrics Hitachikoh Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Jomoto Gastroenteric and Internal Medical Clinic Department of Surgery Fujiyoshida Munici-pal Hospital 2nd Department of Surgery Wakayama Medical University Hospital Department of Surgery Tokatsu-clinic Hospital Department of Surgery Kure Kyosai Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Matsue Sei-kyo Genaral Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Hirano General Hospital Department of Internal Medicin Nara Prefectural Gojo Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Isesaki Mu-nicipal Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Muraka-mi Memorial Hospital Digestive Endoscopy Center Sendai Kousei Hospital Department of Surgery Onishi Hospital Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropoli-tan Ohkubo Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Tsuruoka Kyoritsu Hospital Nutritional Therapy Center Toho Uni-versity Omori Medical Center Home Care Department Kameda Medical Hospital Endoscopic Treatment Center Japan Labour Health and Welfare Organization Niigata Rousai Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Social Insurance Shimonoseki Welfare Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Ako City Hospital Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Center Oita Kensei Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Nishimino Kosei Hospital Department of Pediatric Surgery Nagano Red Cross Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Sapporo Shirakaba-dai hospital Department of Gastroenterology Tachikawa

AIM: To examine the long term survival of geriatric patients treated with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in Japan. METHODS: We retrospectively included 46 Japanese community and tertiary hospitals to investigate 931 consecutive geriatric patients (≥ 65 years old) with swallowing difficulty and newly performed PEG between Jan 1st 2005 and Dec 31st 2008. We set death as an outcome and explored the associations among patient’s characteristics at PEG using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Nine hundred and thirty one patients were followed up for a median of 468 d. A total of 502 deaths were observed (mortality 53%). However, 99%, 95%, 88%, 75% and 66% of 931 patients survived more than 7, 30, 60 d, a half year and one year, respectively. In addition, 50% and 25% of the patients survived 753 and 1647 d, respectively. Eight deaths were considered as PEG-related, and were associated with lower serum albumin levels (P = 0.002). On the other hand, among 28 surviving patients (6.5%), PEG was removed. In a multivariate hazard model, older age [hazard ratio (HR), 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.03; P = 0.009], higher C-reactive protein (HR, 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01-1.07; P = 0.005), and higher blood urea nitrogen (HR, 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00-1.02; P = 0.003) were significant poor prognostic factors, whereas higher albumin (HR, 0.67; 95% CI: 0.52-0.85; P = 0.001), female gender (HR, 0.60; 95% CI: 0.48-0.75; P < 0.001) and no previous history of ischemic heart disease (HR, 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54-0.88, P = 0.003) were markedly better prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that more than half of geriatric patients with PEG may survive longer than 2 years. The analysis elucidated prognostic factors.

关键词： Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Enteral nutrition Comorbidity Survival Risk factor

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Partial Volume Effect on MR Elastography

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2017年第4期7卷 131-143页

作者： Daiki Ito Tomokazu Numano Kazuyuki mizuhara Toshikatsu Washio Masaki Misawa Naotaka Nitta Department of Radiological Science Graduate School of Human Health Science Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Health Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Japan Office of Radiation Technology Keio University Hospital Tokyo Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Denki University Tokyo Japan

Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) allows the quantitative assessment of the stiffness of tissues based on the tissue response to oscillatory shear stress. Shear wave displacements of the tissues are encoded as phase shifts and converted to stiffness (elastogram). Generally, a partial volume effect occurs when different materials are encompassed on the same voxel. In MRE, however, the partial volume effect occurs even if the voxel is filled with the same materials because wave displacements due to vibrations are spatially distributed. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the partial volume effect can affect the phase shift and the elastogram in MRE. We assumed that the partial volume effect appears only in the slice thickness direction and performed a simulation and MRE experiment with various slice thicknesses (1 - 19 mm), two types of imaging plane (coronal and axial) and two types of vibration frequency (100 and 200 Hz). The results of the simulation and the MRE experiment were similar, and indicated that the phase shift and the elastogram changed variously depending on the slice thickness, the wave pattern and the vibration frequency, even if the voxel was filled with the same material. To reduce the partial volume effect, it is necessary to perform the MRE under the following conditions: Use a wave pattern which barely causes this artefact, a smaller voxel size and a lower vibration frequency.

关键词： Magnetic Resonance Elastography Partial Volume Effect Artefact Elasticity Viscoelasticity

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采用延展性好的活性钎料连接陶瓷与金属研制延展性好的活性银钎料直接钎焊陶瓷与陶瓷及陶瓷与金属

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电子工艺技术 1988年第1期 58-63页

作者： N.mizuhara 丁京滨

本文讨论了采用活性钎料,直接钎焊陶瓷与陶瓷及陶瓷与金属时,需要了解的各种主要因素的作用及影响。在几乎所有场合,用于工业中的脆性陶瓷均需与金属连接。有多种连接方案,如:有机粘接剂、收缩法、机械式固定等。人们依据使用目的来选... 详细信息

本文讨论了采用活性钎料,直接钎焊陶瓷与陶瓷及陶瓷与金属时,需要了解的各种主要因素的作用及影响。在几乎所有场合,用于工业中的脆性陶瓷均需与金属连接。有多种连接方案,如:有机粘接剂、收缩法、机械式固定等。人们依据使用目的来选用最佳的连接方案。为使脆性材料的接头性能良好,人们需合理的选择材料、规范参数、接头设计和钎焊工艺。介绍本文的目的是推荐一种简便、可靠性好、投资少的工艺,用以连接陶瓷与陶瓷、陶瓷与金属。对电呈绝缘性的陶瓷(如用于真空开关中的真空泡及真空管中的真空泡),其与金属的连接接头

关键词：钎焊工艺热膨胀系数金属件接触角润湿角活性钎料延展性

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静电聚焦速调管放大器的新进展

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真空电子技术 1966年第Z1期 65-68页

作者： J.R.Hechtel A.mizuhara 苏世敏

1.引言大家知道,用静电埸可使电子注聚焦,而且在一些特定的电子器件中已经得到了充分的证明。例如:电子显微镜、和一些阴极射线管。然而,企图把这种相同的聚焦原理用于速调管放大器在电子光学问题中会碰到一些较大的困难。至少在目前,... 详细信息

1.引言大家知道,用静电埸可使电子注聚焦,而且在一些特定的电子器件中已经得到了充分的证明。例如:电子显微镜、和一些阴极射线管。然而,企图把这种相同的聚焦原理用于速调管放大器在电子光学问题中会碰到一些较大的困难。至少在目前,用精确的分析方法来确

关键词：电子注通过率透镜静电聚焦放大器电子设备

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