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Commentary on“Incidence of urinary incontinence following endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate by en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques:a multicenter,real-world experience of 5068 patients”

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 333-334页

作者： James F Jiang Narmina K Onder akhil K Das Department of Urology University of California Irvine Orange CA 92868 USA

Laser enucleation of the prostate is a proven and effectivesize-independent method for the surgical management of symptomaticbenign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and is considered as the“goldstandard”by many *** major hurdles that stand in theway of this becoming a universally used procedure for BPH are thesteep learning curve associated with mastering the procedure andpossibility of perioperative transient *** advances inteaching methodologies have helped tackle the difficulty in learning itand increased the number of urologists utilizing the *** forthe second hurdle,transient incontinence rates postlaser enucleationof the prostate have improved with the advent of newer techniques *** et al.1 assesses the incidence of stress,urge,andmixed urinary incontinence following laser enucleation of the prostateby comparing en-bloc and non-en-bloc techniques in a multicenterseries of 5068 men with BPH.

关键词： urinary incontinence transient

Estimating Optimal Location of STATCOM and Minimization of Congestion Cost by Locational Marginal Price Using Flower Pollination， and Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年

作者： Gagandeep Kaur akhil Gupta Electrical Engineering Department， M.R.Singh Punjab Technical University Electrical Engineering Department， I.K.Gujral Punjab Technical University Main Campus

Restructuring of power market not only introduces competition， but also brings complexity which increases overloading of Transmission Lines (TL). To obliviate this complexity， this paper aims to mitigate the overloading and estimate the optimal location of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) by reducing congestion for a deregulated power system. The proposed method is based on the use of Locational Marginal Price (LMP) difference technique and congestion cost. LMPs are obtained as a by-product of Optimal Power Flow (OPF)， whereas Congestion Cost (CC) is a function of difference in LMP and power flows. An endeavor is justified by reducing the CCand solution space which can identify the TLs more suitable for placement of STATCOM. Importantly， total real power loss， reactive power loss and total CCare the three main objective functions in this optimization process. The process is implemented by developing an IEEE-69 bus test system which verifies and validates the effectiveness of proposed optimization technique. Additionally， a comparative analysis is enumerated by implementing two optimization techniques: Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The comparative analysis is sufficient to demonstrate the superiority of FPA technique over PSO technique in estimating an optimal placement of a STATCOM. The results from the load-flow analysis illustrate the reduction in CC， total real and reactive power loss using FPA technique over PSO technique. Overall， satisfactory results are obtained without using complex calculations which verify the effectiveness of optimization techniques.

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Impact of D-dimer on in-hospital mortality following aortic dissection:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第6期16卷 355-362页

作者： Sashwath Srikanth Shabnam Abrishami Lakshmi Subramanian Ashwini Mahadevaiah Ankit Vyas akhil Jain Sangeetha Nathaniel Subramanian Gnanaguruparan Rupak Desai Department of Medicine ECU Health Medical CenterGreenvilleNC 27834United States Department of Research Independent Outcomes ResearchLos AngelesCA 90036United States Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health Harvard UniversityBostonMA 02115United States Department of Vascular Medicine Ochsner Clinic FoundationNew OrleansLA 70121United States Department of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77079United States Department of Cardiology Heart and Vascular ClinicNewarkDE 19713United States Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States

BACKGROUND The utility of D-dimer(DD)as a biomarker for acute aortic dissection(AD)is ***,its predictive value for in-hospital mortality remains uncertain and subject to conflicting *** To conduct a meta-analysis of AD-related in-hospital mortality(ADIM)with elevated DD *** We searched PubMed,Scopus,Embase,and Google Scholar for AD and ADIM literature through May *** was assessed using I2 statistics and effect size(hazard or odds ratio)analysis with random-effects *** size,study type,and patients’mean age were used for subgroup *** significance threshold was P60 *** and larger sample size studies(n>250)demonstrated a heightened likelihood of ADIM associated with elevated DD levels(effect size:2.57,95%CI:1.30-5.08,P<0.01 vs effect size:1.05,95%CI:1.00-1.11,P=0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis shows elevated DD increases in-hospital mortality risk in AD patients,highlighting the need for larger,prospective studies to improve risk prediction models.

关键词： D-dimer Aortic dissection Mortality Biomarker Systematic review Meta-analysis

Elevated cardiovascular risk and acute events in hospitalized colon cancer survivors:A decade-apart study of two nationwide cohorts

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 548-553页

作者： Rupak Desai Avilash Mondal Vivek Patel Sandeep Singh Shaylika Chauhan akhil Jain Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States Department of Internal Medicine Nazareth HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19152United States Department of Clinical Epidemiology Biostatistics and Bio-informaticsAmsterdam UMCAmsterdam 7057Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Health SystemWikes-BarrePA 18702United States Division of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77079United States

BACKGROUND Over the years,strides in colon cancer detection and treatment have boosted survival rates;yet,post-colon cancer survival entails cardiovascular disease(CVD)*** on CVD risks and acute cardiovascular events in colorectal cancer survivors has been *** To compare the CVD risk and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in current colon cancer survivors compared to a decade *** We analyzed 2007 and 2017 hospitalization data from the National Inpatient Sample,studying two colon cancer survivor groups for CVD risk factors,mortality rates,and major adverse events like pulmonary embolism,arrhythmia,cardiac arrest,and stroke,adjusting for confounders via multivariable regression *** Of total colon cancer survivors hospitalized in 2007(n=177542)and 2017(n=178325),the 2017 cohort often consisted of younger(76 vs 77 years),male,African-American,and Hispanic patients admitted non-electively vs the 2007 ***,the 2017 cohort had higher rates of smoking,alcohol abuse,drug abuse,coagulopathy,liver disease,weight loss,and renal *** in the 2017 cohort also had higher rates of cardiovascular comorbidities,including hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,obesity,peripheral vascular disease,congestive heart failure,and at least one traditional CVD(P<0.001)vs the 2007 *** adjusted multivariable analysis,the 2017 cohort had a significantly higher risk of pulmonary embolism(PE)(OR:1.47,95%CI:1.37-1.48),arrhythmia(OR:1.41,95%CI:1.38-1.43),atrial fibrillation/flutter(OR:1.61,95%CI:1.58-1.64),cardiac arrest including ventricular tachyarrhythmia(OR:1.63,95%CI:1.46-1.82),and stroke(OR:1.28,95%CI:1.22-1.34)with comparable all-cause mortality and fewer routine discharges(48.4%vs 55.0%)(P<0.001)vs the 2007 *** Colon cancer survivors hospitalized 10 years apart in the United States showed an increased CVD risk with an increased risk of acute cardiovascular events(stroke 28%,PE 47%,arrhythmia 41%,and cardiac arres

关键词： Colon cancer Colorectal cancer Cardiovascular diseases Cardiovascular disease risk Cardiac events Stroke

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单纳米粒子表面的甲醇电催化氧化过程

Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第2期57卷 59-67页

作者：周湘淇李丽丽王俊刚李展波邵希吉程付鹏张林娟王建强 akhil Jaing 林涛静超中国科学院上海应用物理研究所中国科学院微观界面物理与探测重点实验室中国上海201800 上海应用技术大学化学与环境工程学院中国上海201418 深圳技术大学新材料与新能源学院中国广东深圳518118 山东大学晶体材料国家重点实验室晶体材料研究院中国山东济南250100 湖南师范大学化学化工学院化学生物学及中药分析教育部重点实验室中国湖南长沙410081 韶关学院智能工程学院物理系中国广东韶关512005 诺丁汉大学药学院再生医学与细胞诊疗生物电子实验室英国诺丁汉中国科学院大学中国北京100049

由于全球资源短缺和环境污染等问题日益加剧,开发利用洁净高效的新能源已成为当今社会研究热点.其中,直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)具有低温启动、无需重整制氢、洁净环保和体积小巧等特性,展现出较好的应用前景.DMFC的阳极反应为甲醇氧化反应... 详细信息

由于全球资源短缺和环境污染等问题日益加剧,开发利用洁净高效的新能源已成为当今社会研究热点.其中,直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)具有低温启动、无需重整制氢、洁净环保和体积小巧等特性,展现出较好的应用前景.DMFC的阳极反应为甲醇氧化反应,甲醇的完全氧化涉及到复杂的六步电子转移反应过程.揭示甲醇氧化的反应路径与机理,阐明催化剂的真实活性中心以及毒化效应,对于高效催化剂的设计和制备至关重要.随着纳米技术的发展,在单颗粒水平对纳米催化剂进行表征受到了越来越多的关注.因此,亟需发展具有高灵敏度的原位界面表征方法,实现纳米尺度的精准测量,排除催化剂平均效应,获取纳米表界面真实的催化反应信息.本文结合纳米等离子共振散射光谱与电化学技术,获得了单个纳米催化剂的同步光电响应信号,实现单颗粒水平纳米粒子表面化学、电化学反应过程(如电荷转移、分子吸附等)的高灵敏监测,揭示纳米尺度表界面催化反应机制.利用这一技术,动态监测了单个金/铂包金纳米颗粒表面的甲醇氧化过程.结果表明,在金纳米颗粒表面,甲醇氧化主要通过HCOOH路径,生成产物为HCOOH或CO_(2).其中,反应中间体与羟基离子的竞争性吸附起到重要作用,反应决速步为Au-OH和Au-CHO的共吸附.而铂催化甲醇氧化主要经过CO路径,决速步为Pt-OH和Pt-CO氧化生成Pt-COOH过程.此外,观测到金和铂氢氧化物为催化反应的活性物种,进一步证实了金属氧化物对于催化活性的钝化作用.结合密度泛函理论模拟,明确了甲醇氧化反应中间体吸附与金属氢氧化物演变之间的内在联系.综上,本文利用纳米等离子共振散射光谱,原位监测了单个纳米粒子表面的甲醇电催化氧化过程,实现了催化剂真实活性物种演变与失活过程的直接观测,揭示了不同催化剂表面的决速步骤,为提高催化反应效率提供了更加准确的反应信息.本文将有益于纳米等离子共振散射光谱在电催化反应高灵敏监测方面的广泛应用,并为高效甲醇催化剂的制备提供参考.

关键词：单个纳米粒子检测暗场显微镜等离子体共振散射光谱甲醇氧化反应纳米电化学

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Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr Angela Schulz Martina Strnadová akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone Prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Link between irritable bowel syndrome,depression,and colorectal cancer risk in young patients:Age-matched nationwide populationbased study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第3期15卷 1-8页

作者： Sai Priyanka Mellacheruvu Sai Prasanna Lekkala Sukhjinder Chauhan Adil Sarvar Mohammed Sravya R Mundla Ankita Shenoy Bilal Khan Mohammed Jerrin Bawa Shantha Nallapothula Priyatham Gurram akhil Jain Rupak Desai Mohammed Mustafa Nayeem Department of Public Health University of MassachusettsLowellMA 01854United States Department of Internal Medicine Mamata Medical CollegeTelanganaKhammam 507002India Department of Internal Medicine Mountainview HospitalLas VegasNV 89128United States Department of Internal Medicine Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMI 48602United States Department of Public Health Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchTelanganaHyderabad 500090India Department of Medicine Dr D.Y.Patil University School of MedicineMaharashtraNavi Mumbai 400706India Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Internal Medicine Flushing Hospital Medical CenterQueensNY 11355United States Department of Internal Medicine PES Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchAndhra PradeshKuppam 517425India Department of Gastroenterology Mayo ClinicScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Division of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77079United States Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States Department of Internal Medicine Parkview Medical CenterPuebloCO 81003United States

BACKGROUND There exists a link between irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and ***,chronic depression is known to increase the risk of cancer in *** this population-based analysis,we investigated the prevalence and the odds of colorectal cancer(CRC)in young-depressed patients with *** To investigate the relationship between IBS and CRC in young,depressed patients using a nationally representative United States inpatient *** The 2019 National Inpatient Sample was used to identify young(18-44 years)patients admitted with comorbid depression in the presence vs absence of IBS using relevant International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision,Clinical Modification *** endpoint was the prevalence and odds of CRC in age matched(1:1)youngdepressed cohort hospitalized with IBS(IBS+)vs without IBS(IBS-).Multivariable regression analysis was performed adjusting for potential *** Age-matched(1:1)young-depressed IBS+(83.9%females,median age 36 years)and IBS-(65.8%females,median age 36 years)cohorts consisted of 14370 patients in each ***+cohort had higher rates of hypertension,uncomplicated diabetes,hyperlipidemia,obesity,peripheral vascular disease,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,hypothyroidism,prior stroke,prior venous thromboembolism,anxiety,bipolar disorder,and borderline personality disorder(P<0.005)vs the ***,prior myocardial infarction,acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,dementia,smoking,alcohol abuse,and drug abuse(P<0.005)are high in *** rate of CRC was comparable in both cohorts[IBS+n=25(0.17%)vs IBS-n=35(0.24%)].Compared to the IBS-cohort,the odds ratio(OR)of developing CRC was not significantly higher[OR 0.71,95% confidence interval(CI)0.23-2.25]in IBS+***,adjusting for baseline sociodemographic and hospital characteristics and relevant comorbidities,the OR was found to be non-significant(OR 0.89,95%CI 0.21-3.83).CONCLUSION This nationwide propensity-matched ana

关键词： Colorectal cancer Depression Irritable bowel syndrome Young patients National inpatient sample Comorbidities

A new design of 3D-printed orthopedic bone plates with auxeticstructures to mitigate stress shielding and improve intra-operative bending

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2020年第2期3卷 98-108页

作者： Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman akhil Gopinath Wen F.Lu Division of Engineering New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore(NUS)SingaporeSingapore

Orthopedic bone plates are most commonly used for bone fracture fixation for more than 100 *** bone plate design had evolved over time overcoming many challenges such as insufficient strength and excessive plate–bone contact affecting the blood ***,it is only made of two materials,either stainless steel(AISI 316L)or titanium(Ti–6Al–4V).There are two main limitations of metallic bone implants,namely stress shielding and the problem of malocclusion caused by the displacement of the fracture site during *** overcome the two problems,a new bone plate design with the incorporation of auxetic structures is proposed in this *** study aims to use auxetic structure section in the bone plate that would decrease the stiffness of the region,thereby mitigating the stress-shielding effect and at the same time act as a deformable section to enable intra-operative bending for effective alignment while having enough bending strength and *** different auxetic structures namely re-entrant honeycomb and missing rib structures were *** auxetic structure incorporated bone plates were designed,finite element analysis was done,fabricated using direct metal laser sintering technique,and *** results indicate that the re-entrant honeycomb structure incorporated bone plates serve as an effective bone design compared to the conventional bone plate design,in terms of stress shielding and intra-operative bending while offering similar mechanical and bending strength.

关键词： Bone plates Negative Poisson's ratio structures 3D printing Additive manufacturing Stress shielding

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THD reduction with reactive power compensation for fuzzy logic DVR based solar PV grid connected system

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Frontiers in Energy 2014年第4期8卷 464-479页

作者： akhil GUPTA Saurabh CHANANA Tilak THAKUR Department of Electrical Engineering National institute of Technology Kumkshetra 136119 lndia Department of Electrical Engineering PEC University of Technology Chandigarh 160012 India

Dynamic voltage restorer （DVR） is used to protect sensitive loads from voltage disturbances of the distribution generation （DG） system. In this paper, a new control approach for the 200 kW solar photovoltaic grid connected system with perturb and observe maximum power point tracking （MPPT） technique is implemented. Power quality improvement with comparison is conducted during fault with proportional integral （PI） and artificial intelligence-based fuzzy logic controlled DVR. MPPT tracks the actual variable DC link voltage while deriving the maximum power from a photovoltaic array and maintains DC link voltage constant by changing modula- tion index of the converter. Simulation results during fault show that the fuzzy logic based DVR scheme demonstrates simultaneous exchange of active and reactive power with less total harmonic distortion （THD） present in voltage source converter （VSC） current and grid current with fast tracking of optimum operating point at unity power factor. Standards （IEEE-519/1547）, stipulates that the current with THD greater than 5% cannot be injected into the grid by any distributed generation source. Simulation results and validations of MPPT technique and operation of fuzzy logic controlled DVR demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.

关键词： fuzzy logic maximum power point tracking(MPPT) proportional integral (PI) control voltage restorer

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