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Production, Characterisation and Fatty Acid Composition of <i>Jatropha curcas</i>Biodiesel as a Viable Alternative to Conventional Diesel Fuel in Nigeria

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2019年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： akeem mayo.a azeez Adeyinka Olubunmi Fasakin Joshua Iseoluwa Orege Department of Industrial Chemistry Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Ethyl ester biodiesel has been produced from a non-edible Jatropha curcas oil. Oil was extracted from the plant seed using n-hexane at 60°C and pretreated by alkaline refining process to reduce the free fatty acid level to less than 1%. Base-catalysed transesterification reaction with absolute ethanol using potassium hydroxide catalyst was adopted for the conversion. Various physicochemical properties of the refined Jatropha curcas oil were investigated. The ethyl ester biodiesel produced was characterised for its fuel properties such as specific gravity at 15°C, flash point, pour point, kinematic viscosity, cetane number, iodine value and higher heating value using American Society for Testing and Materials Standard Methods. The crude and refined Jatropha curcas oil yields were 58.16% and 52.5%. The physicochemical analysis revealed FFA, saponification value and peroxide value of refined Jatropha curcas oil to be 0.58 mg KOH/g, 159.9 and 1.92 m E/kg respectively. The fatty acid composition obtained from gas chromatography (GC) revealed that the oil contained 44.85% oleic acid as the dominant fatty acid, while Margaric 0.01% and Behenic 0.02% the least. The biodiesel yield was 57.6%, and its measured fuel properties conformed with ASTM 6751 and EN 14214 standards.

关键词： Biodiesel Ethyl Ester Alternative Fuel Refined Jatropha curcas Oil Transesterification

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Multi-Residue Levels of Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides in Edible Vegetables: A Human Health Risk Assessment

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2018年第4期7卷 143-152页

作者： Samuel Oluyemi Adefemi Samuel Sunday Asaolu Olayinka Abidemi Ibigbami Joshua Iseoluwa Orege mayo.a akeem azeez Abiodun Folasade Akinsola Department of Chemistry Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Background: This study evaluates the quantitative assessment of persistent organochorine pesticide (OCPs) residues in vegetables (Senecio biafrae) from four selected cocoa plantations in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Methods: The pesticides were extracted from the vegetable samples by using USEPA 3500C method and later clean-up on activated silica gel. The pesticides residues in the samples were determined using Gas Chromatography coupled with Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). Results: The results showed that the analyzed samples were contaminated with ten OCPs. The mean OCPs concentration ranged from ND—0.399 mg/kg to ND—0.379 mg/kg during the wet and dry seasons respectively. α-BHC, β-BHC, p, p’-DDE, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan sulphate and methoxychlor were not detected in the samples. Pesticides such as aldrin, endosulfan II, endrin aldehyde and heptachlor slightly exceeded their maximum residue limit. Conclusion: The hazard indices (HI) of heptachlor, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, aldrin, heptachlor-epoxide and p, p’-DDT exceeded 1 and thus pose likely potential non-carcinogenic health risk.

关键词： Organochlorine Pesticides Vegetables Risk Residues Gas Chromatography

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