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Efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infection among school-age children in rural communities of Abeokuta, Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 286-293,285页

作者： Olusola Ojurongbe Olawunwi Risqat Sina-Agbaje Abass Busari Patricia Nkem Okorie Taiwo Adetola Ojurongbe akeem abiodun akindele Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyOsogboNigeria Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology General HospitalIjayeAbeokutaNigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Services Olikoye Ransome-Kuti HospitalAbeokutaNigeria Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Osun State UniversityOsogboNigeria

Background:Chemotherapy with praziquantel(PZQ)has been the cornerstone of schistosomiasis control over the last two *** the only available drug for the treatment of over 200 million people worldwide,continuous monitoring of PZQ efficacy under the pressure of widespread use is therefore ***:The efficacy of taking two doses of oral PZQ for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium was examined among school children in *** specimens were collected from 350 school children and examined using the filtration *** was collected for packed cell volume(PCV)estimation,and the weight and height of each child were *** egg positive pupils were treated with two oral doses of PZQ at 40 mg/kg with a four-week interval in *** efficacy was determined based on the egg reduction rate(ERR).Results:Among 350 school children,245(70.0%)-of which 132 were males and 113 were females,with an age range of 4 to 15 years-were diagnosed with *** the 245 infected children received a single oral dose of 40 mg/kg PZQ twice with a four-week interval in between and were followed up for 12 *** four,eight and twelve weeks post treatment,the ERR was 57.1%,77.6%and 100%,*** ERR was significantly higher among the children with a light infection compared to those with a heavy *** hundred and twenty-one children were egg negative at four weeks post treatment,among which 1(6.3)and 120(52.4%)had heavy and light infections,*** the second round of treatment,the cure rate at eight weeks and twelve weeks was 85.3%and 100%,***:This study demonstrated the efficacy of taking two doses of oral PZQ for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis among school children in Nigeria.

关键词： Urinary schistosomiasis Praziquantel Drug efficacy School children Nigeria

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Population Density, Diversity and Abundance of Antelope Species in Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Ecology 2019年第4期9卷 107-116页

作者： Olajesu Sunday Oladipo Akinyemi abiodun Folorunso Lateef Funmilayo Lewiska Lameed Gbolagade akeem Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism Management Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria

Habitat degradation and fragmentation are eating deep into conservation areas and this is a serious threat to species diversity and abundance. Species like the antelopes have a sedentary and docile nature which makes them highly vulnerable to habitat degradation or human intrusion. The effect becomes complex as the remaining flora and fauna communities can be significantly impacted by changes in ecosystem structure and function. Population density, diversity and abundance of fauna species will either increase or decrease over time depending on the quality of the environment/habitat and the level of human interference or disturbance. Hence an updated checklist of species diversity and abundance is necessary to enable management and other stakeholders make pragmatic plans and policy towards sustainable species conservation. With the aid of a Global Positioning System (GPS), a 5 km transect was established per site and censured for Antelope species using the King Census method of enumeration. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Seven (7) species of Antelopes were recorded. Kobs (Kobus kob) were the most abundant (2019), while Reedbuck (Redunca redunca) was the least abundant with twenty-five (25) individuals. Kob is the most observed species in Oli Complex with 24.13%, ranking about 50% of kob in proportion. This was followed by roan antelope (Hippotragus equinus), and Red Flanked duiker, 4.02% and 3.63% respectively. Kobs had the highest density of 40.38 per square km followed by roan antelope (3.32) and RF duiker (2.36). Relative density followed a similar trend. The least encounter rate was observed in Sylvicapra grimmia (0.02) and increse further to Hippotragus equinus (0.4), Redunca redunca (0.06) and Alcelaphus buselaphus (0.09) respectively. It was low amongst Tragelaphus scriptus (0.2), and moderate, while it was very high amongst the kobs (5.0). The rate of encountering an antelope in the park is very high at a rate of 6.2 animals pe

关键词： Kainji Lake National Park Antelopes Density Diversity Abundance

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Comparative Phytochemical and Nutritional Composition of <i>Trichosanthes cucumerina</i>(L.) and Some<i>Solanum lycopersicum </i>(L.) Cultivars in Nigeria

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第2期8卷 297-309页

作者： Clementina Chekwube Ugbaja Oluwasegun Olamide Fawibe abiodun Sunday Oyelakin Idris Olatoye Fadimu abiodun akeem Ajiboye David Adejare Agboola Department of Pure and Applied Botany Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology Federal University Oye Ekiti Oye Nigeria

The phytochemical and nutritional composition of Trichosanthes cucumerina L. an underutilized vegetable used as substitute for Solanaceous tomatoes by rural dwellers was examined in comparison with majorly cultivated tomato cultivars in Nigeria (Roma VF and Ibadan local). The fruit pulp of T. cucumerina was higher in carotenoid (2053.33 mg/100g), flavonoid (861.67 mg/100g), cardiac glycoside (11.67 mg/100g), alkaloids (93.33 mg/100g), lycopene (118.5 μg/100g), tannin (555.00 mg/100g), oxalate (2.55 mg/100g) and quercetin (5.25 mg/100g) than Roma VF and Ibadan local. However, Roma VF had the highest concentration of saponin (66.67 mg/100g) but there was no significant difference in steroid among the fruits. The Vitamins A, E and C contents of T. cucumerina (5346 μg/100g, 6.23 μg/100g and 25.33 μg/100g) were significantly higher (P S. lycopersicum. T. cucumerina had the highest values of crude protein and crude lipid (1.97% and 0.40%). The fruit pulp of T. cucumerina also had the highest ash and total carbohydrate contents (1.63% and 16.50%). Roma VF was significantly higher in crude fibre and moisture contents (1.77% and 89.40%) than other vegetables investigated. All the evaluated mineral elements (Na, K, Ca Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, P and S) in T. cucumerina compared favourably with S. lycopersicum cultivars. It was observed that T. cucumerina pulp contained an appreciable number of nutrients and secondary metabolites which qualify it as a good substitute to ***.

关键词： Underutilized Vegetable Comparison Phytochemical Nutrition Nigeria

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Multi-Residue Levels of Persistent Organochlorine Pesticides in Edible Vegetables: A Human Health Risk Assessment

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2018年第4期7卷 143-152页

作者： Samuel Oluyemi Adefemi Samuel Sunday Asaolu Olayinka Abidemi Ibigbami Joshua Iseoluwa Orege Mayowa akeem Azeez abiodun Folasade Akinsola Department of Chemistry Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Background: This study evaluates the quantitative assessment of persistent organochorine pesticide (OCPs) residues in vegetables (Senecio biafrae) from four selected cocoa plantations in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Methods: The pesticides were extracted from the vegetable samples by using USEPA 3500C method and later clean-up on activated silica gel. The pesticides residues in the samples were determined using Gas Chromatography coupled with Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). Results: The results showed that the analyzed samples were contaminated with ten OCPs. The mean OCPs concentration ranged from ND—0.399 mg/kg to ND—0.379 mg/kg during the wet and dry seasons respectively. α-BHC, β-BHC, p, p’-DDE, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan sulphate and methoxychlor were not detected in the samples. Pesticides such as aldrin, endosulfan II, endrin aldehyde and heptachlor slightly exceeded their maximum residue limit. Conclusion: The hazard indices (HI) of heptachlor, endosulfan I, endosulfan II, aldrin, heptachlor-epoxide and p, p’-DDT exceeded 1 and thus pose likely potential non-carcinogenic health risk.

关键词： Organochlorine Pesticides Vegetables Risk Residues Gas Chromatography

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Respiratory Symptoms and Spirometry Profile of Plastic Factory Workers in Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第2期10卷 60-70页

作者： John Omotola Ogunkoya Olumide abiodun Kolawole John Sodeinde Emmanuel Fikayo Bamidele John Sotunsa akindele Emmanuel Ladele Omosivwe Oku George Ezinwa Emeruwa Olawale Kehinde Ogunyemi School of Clinical Sciences Benjamin Carson Senior College of Medical and Health Sciences Babcock University Ilishan Remo Nigeria Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Department of Medicine Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan Remo Nigeria Department of Community Medicine and Public Care Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan Remo Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan Remo Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan Remo Nigeria

Background: Exposure to plastic fumes can lead to severe occupational hazards due to inhalation, ingestion or direct contact wide variety of potentially harmful by-products during the manufacturing and burning of plastics. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in plastic factory workers, evaluate the respiratory function of plastic factory workers and the association between respiratory symptoms and the duration of employment. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done among plastic factory workers. Using a random sampling technique, 190 individuals (95 subjects and 95 control) above 18 years of age were recruited. Data were obtained with a validated questionnaire and Spirometry was done. Result: The mean age of the study group and control were 30.27 ± 7.38 and 25.92 ± 4.63 respectively (t = 4.877;p Conclusion: Workplace exposure to plastic fumes can lead to development of respiratory symptoms and impaired pulmonary function.

关键词： Plasticos Thermoset Thermoplastic Styrene 1 3-Butadiene Microplastics

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Genetic variation and cryptic lineage diversity of the Nigerian red-headed rock agama Agama agama associate with eco-geographic zones

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 713-724页

作者： Lotanna M.NNEJI Adeniyi C.ADEOLA Fang YAN Agboola O.OKEYOYIN Ojo C.OLADIPO Yohanna SAIDU Dinatu SAMUEL Ifeanyi C.NNEJI akindele O.ADEYI abiodun B.ONADEKO Temidayo E.OLAGUNJU Olatunde OMOTOSO Segun O.OLADIPO Oluyinka A.IYIOLA John Y.USONGO Timothy AUTA Abbas D.USMAN Halima ABDULLAHI Odion O.IKHIMIUKOR Wei-Wei ZHOU Jie-Qiong JIN Obih A.UGWUMBA Adiaha A.A.UGWUMBA Min-Sheng PENG Robert W.MURPHY Jing CHE State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China National Park Service Headquarters Federal Capital TerritoryAbuja 900001Nigeria Old Oyo National Park Oyo State 211242Nigeria Gashaka Gumti National Park SertiTaraba State 663101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences University of AbujaFCTAbuja 902101Nigeria Department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Department of Zoology University of LagosLagos 100213Nigeria Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Kwara State UniversityMaleteKwara State 241104Nigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of llorinllorinKwara State 240103Nigeria Department of Zoology Modibbo Adama University of TechnologyYola 640101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Federal University Dutsin-MaKatsina State 821Nigeria Department of Biology Kashim Ibrahim College of EducationMaiduguriBorno State 600230Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada M5S 2C6

Nigeria is an Afrotropical region with considerable ecological heterogeneity and levels of biotic *** its vertebrate fauna,reptiles have broad distributions,thus,they constitute a compelling system for assessing the impact of ecological variation and geographic isolation on species *** red-headed rock agama,Agama agama,lives in a wide range of habitats and,thus,it may show genetic structuring and ***,we tested the hypothesis that ecology affects its genetic structure and population *** inference phylogenetic analysis of a mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)gene recovered four well-supported matrilines with strong evidence of genetic structuring consistent with eco-geographic *** differences among populations based on the mtDNA also correlated with geographic distance. The ecologicalniche model for the matrilines had a good fit and robust performance. Population divergence alongthe environmental axes was associated with climatic conditions, and temperature ranked highestamong all environmental variables for forest specialists, while precipitation ranked highest for theforest/derived savanna, and savanna specialists. Our results cannot reject the hypothesis that nicheconservatism promotes geographic isolation of the western populations of Nigerian A. ***, ecological gradients and geographic isolation impact the genetic structure and population divergenceof the lizards. This species might be facing threats due to recent habitat fragmentation,especially in western Nigeria. Conservation actions appear necessary.

关键词： Agama agama ecological speciation genogeography Nigeria population divergence vegetation

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尼日利亚南部阿贝奥库塔地区冈比亚按蚊复合体的形态特征研究(双翅目：蚊科)

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昆虫学报 2008年第12期51卷 1289-1292页

作者： Monsuru Adebayo ADELEKE Chiedu Felix MAFIANA Adewunmi Babatunde IDOWU abiodun Ayanlayo Sarafadeen AMUSAN Michael Femi ADEKUNLE Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture P.M.B 2240 Abeokuta Ogun State Nigeria Department of Forestry and Wildlife University of Agriculture P.M. B 2240 Abeokuta Ogun State Nigeria

对采自尼日利亚南部城市阿贝奥库塔冈比亚按蚊复合体Anopheles gambiae complex的形态特征进行了研究。依据2005年8月至2006年7月灯诱捕获的364个冈比亚按蚊复合体标本,分别对它们的触角、翅、喙、前足、中足和后足6个部位的长度进行了... 详细信息

对采自尼日利亚南部城市阿贝奥库塔冈比亚按蚊复合体Anopheles gambiae complex的形态特征进行了研究。依据2005年8月至2006年7月灯诱捕获的364个冈比亚按蚊复合体标本,分别对它们的触角、翅、喙、前足、中足和后足6个部位的长度进行了测量,对月平均值进行回归分析,同时利用差异系数(coefficient of difference,CD)进行近缘分析。分析显示,各特征的长度平均值雨季大于旱季,但是回归分析表明长度变化与季节不显著相关(P>0.05)。差异系数分析结果表明,仅触角长度和翅长显示此复合体为两个不同的种群(CD>1.28),而其他特征值表明为同一种群。因此,该研究结果提示触角长度及翅长对冈比亚按蚊复合体近缘种的区分有重要参考价值。

关键词：冈比亚按蚊复合体形态分析近缘种季节种群阿贝奥库塔尼日利亚

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