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Investigating the Shortcomings of Urban Development Plans in Iran and Factors Affecting Their Unrealizability(Case Study:Master Plan Approved in 2016 in Tabriz)

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2022年第4期10卷 70-94页

作者： Shahrokh ZADVALI KHAJEH akbar asghari zamani University of Tabriz

In recent decades, the unbalanced development of Iranian cities and the advent of many problems in various social, cultural, economic, physical and environmental dimensions have resulted inevitably in the need to use urban development plans to advance the spatio-physical condition of cities. In this regard, about five decades have passed since the start of the preparation of urban development plans in Iran; but despite gaining a lot of experience by producers and executors of urban affairs, in practice, urban projects have not been able to take a positive step in the direction of programmed development. Therefore, by detecting the causes of unachievability and failure of these plans, it is possible to prepare realistic and executive plans. Hence, this study seeks to investigate the shortcomings of the master plan approved in 2016 in Tabriz and identify the factors affecting its unrealizability by using the qualitative methods(Delphi and case study methods).Among the most significant reasons for the impracticability of this plan, the following should be mentioned:(1) the inadequacy of the design model(positivism, belief system, obligation,inductive reasoning, centrism and being government-centered);(2) inadequacy in the content of the plan(being governmental and non-participatory, inadequate subjectology and collection of irrelevant data, lack of segregation of interventions in different contexts, lack of an organized monitoring system, mere physical emphases, lack of definition of executive financial possibilities,perfectionism, lack of attention to relativism and inflexibility and lack of connection between the elements and components of the plan); and(3) inadequacy of the plan proposals and strategies(emphasis on quantity, incomplete inference, inefficiency and not including all levels and strata).

关键词： Urban development plan master plan strategic plan Tabriz City

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Promoter effect on the CO_2-H_2O formation during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on iron-based catalysts

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第2期19卷 193-197页

作者： Ali Nakhaei Pour Seyed Mehdi Kamali Shahri Yahya zamani akbar zamanian Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) of National Iranian Oil Company Gas Research DivisionP.O.Box 14665-137TehranIran

The effects of Mg,La and Ca promoters on primary and secondary CO2 and H2O formation pathways during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on precipitated Fe/Cu/SiO2 catalysts are *** chemisorbed oxygen atoms in the primary pathway formed in the CO dissociation steps reacted with co-adsorbed hydrogen or carbon monoxide to produce H2O and CO2,*** secondary pathway was the water-gas shift *** results indicated that the CO2 production led to an increase in both primary and secondary pathways,and H2O production decreased when surface basicity of the catalyst increased in the order Ca 〉 Mg 〉 La.

关键词： Ca promoter Mg promoter La promoter Fischer-Tropsch synthesis iron-based catalyst water-gas shift reaction

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Open globe injuries in geriatric population in Iran: characteristics and outcomes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第8期14卷 1237-1240页

作者： Maryam zamani Seyed Ali Tabatabaei akbar Fotouhi Morteza Naderan Mohammad Soleimani Ocular Trauma and Emergency Department Eye Research CenterFarabi Eye HospitalTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran

AIM:To investigate the patterns and outcomes of open globe injuries in the elderly population in ***:In this retrospective cross-sectional chart review,medical records of 248 patients(aged 60 y and more)with the diagnosis of open globe injury from 2006 to 2016 were *** features,type,and mechanism of open globe injury,ocular trauma score(OTS),visual acuity before and after treatment,the zone of injuries,and the associated injuries found at the presentation or thereafter were ***:A total of 248 eyes of 248 patients were *** mean age was 69.2±5.8 y(range:60-90 y).Male/female ratio was about 3:1(187 vs 61).The three most common causes of injury were falling(25.2%),sharp objects(18.9%),and tree branches(13.9%).Penetrating injury accounted for most of the geriatric ocular trauma(50.4%),followed by globe rupture(40.3%),intraocular foreign body(IOFB;7.3%),and perforating injury(2.0%).The median raw OTS for the population was 60.5 and the most common OTS class was *** injuries tend to affect zoneⅠmore than zoneⅡand zoneⅢ.The only predictor of final visual acuity was the class of OTS(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Geriatric open globe injury should be valued *** most common type of open globe injury in Iran is penetrating injuries but falling remain the main *** OTS class must be considered as an important predictor of final visual acuity.

关键词： geriatric ocular trauma ocular trauma score open globe injury

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Physician-scientists or celebrities?Kardashian-index of gastroenterologists

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World Journal of Methodology 2023年第4期13卷 337-344页

作者： Onyinye Ugonabo Saad Ullah Malik Usman Ali akbar Zarlakhta zamani Wesam Frandah Department of Internal Medicine Marshall University Joan C.Edwards School of MedicineHuntingtonWV 25701United States Department of Cardiology Geisinger Medical CenterDanvillePA 17821United States Department of Internal Medicine West Virginia University-Camden Clark Medical CenterParkersburgWV 26101United States Department of Internal Medicine Centinela Hospital Medical CenterInglewoodCA 90301United States Department of Gastroenterology Marshall University Joan C.Edwards School of MedicineHuntingtonWV 25701United States

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic unleashed a flood of untrustworthy information on social media platforms,resulting in the unfortunate consequence of expert scientists'opinions getting lost amidst the chaotic sea of *** question of how much influence these esteemed scientists hold on social media platforms remains *** address this scientific quandary,we sought to explore the concept of the Kardashian index(K-index),a term introduced by Hall in *** metric provides a rudimentary means of evaluating whether a physician scientist's popularity on social media aligns with their significant scientific *** To evaluate if a Gastroenterologist physician's popularity on social media is at par with their scientific contributions(research articles and publications).METHODS We conducted an extensive search to identify all gastroenterologists actively practicing and associated with the top 100 hospitals as reported by the United States *** collected specific data on a sub-group including their names,affiliations,degrees,and *** gauge their social media popularity,we utilized the K-index calculation which is determined by dividing the actual number of Twitter followers by the number of researcher’s *** expected number of followers(F)is calculated using the formula F=43.3 C^0.32,where C represents the number of *** Physicians affiliated with the Mayo Clinic emerged as the most prominent presence on Twitter,constituting 16%of the *** were followed closely by physicians from Mount Sinai Hospital(9%)and the University of Michigan Hospital(9%).Surprisingly,76%of the physicians evaluated exhibited a low K-index,falling within the range of 0 to less than *** suggests that a significant number of highly influential physician-scientists are not receiving due recognition,as indicated by their relatively low number of *** the other hand,24%of the physicians had an inflat

关键词： Kardashian index Gastroenterology Twitter Kardashian index of gastroenterology Physician-scientists Social media Physician celebrities

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