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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第3期10卷 137-144页

作者： Rushabh M Vakharia Karim G Sabeh ajit M Vakharia Dhanur M Damodar Tsun Yee Law Martin W Roche Department of Orthopedic Surgery Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute Department of Orthopedic Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Medicine Morehouse School of Medicine Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Miami Hospital

BACKGROUND The influence of opioid use disorder on implant related complications, infection and readmission rates, and total global episode-of-care costs following primary total knee arthroplasty(TKA) is *** To examine whether opioid abuse in patients undergoing primary *** A retrospective analysis of the Medicare dataset, using the pearlDiver database,from 2005-2014 comparing outcomes in patients with opioid abusers(OUD) to non-opioid abusers(NOU) undergoing primary TKA was performed. patient outcomes were analyzed including implant complications, readmission rates, and day-of-surgery and 90-d cost. Statistical analysis was performed with R(University of Auckland, New Zealand) calculating odds-ratio(OR) along with their respective 95% confidence interval(95%CI) and *** The OUD group was at greater odds of having implant related complications overall(20.84% vs 11.25%; OR: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.93-2.23; p p p periprosthetic fractures(OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.16-4.79; p p patients also incurred in higher day-of-surgery and total global 90-d episode-of-care costs compared to *** patients with OUD show an increased risk of complications compared to the nonopioid users group. Appropriate recognition, pre-surgical optimization, and patient education are essential to mitigate these complications and improve patient outcome.

关键词： Opioid use Total knee arthroplasty Medicare Database Cost Readmission rates

Comparative effectiveness of quetiapine and haloperidol in delirium:A single blind randomized controlled study

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World Journal of psychiatry 2016年第3期6卷 365-371页

作者： Sandeep Grover Sudhir Mahajan Subho Chakrabarti ajit Avasthi Department of psychiatry Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of quetiapine and haloperidol in patients of delirium referred to psychiatry consultation liaison *** The study followed a single blind randomised controlled trial ***-two patients in the haloperidol group and 31 patients in the quetiapine group were assessed at the baseline and 6 consecutive *** dosing regimen(haloperidol:0.25-1.25 mg;quetiapine 12.5-75 mg/d) was *** Rating Scale-Revised-98(DRS-R-98) and mini mental status examination(MMSE) were the primary and secondary efficacy measures *** Baseline DRS-R-98 severity score and MMSE scores did not differ between the 2 study *** baseline to day 6,there was significant reduction in the total DRS-R-98 scores,DRS-R-98 cognitive domain scores,DRS-R-98 non-cognitive domain scores and significant increase in the MMSE scores in both the *** the groups did not differ on any of the assessments in terms of DRS-R98 and MMSE *** effectiveness of both the medications was similar in adult and elderly(≥ 60 years) *** the end of the trial,68.75% and 67.74% of subjects in the haloperidol and quetiapine group respectively had mean DRS-R-98 scores below *** 6th day,12(37.5%) patients in haloperidol group and 9(29.03%) patients in the quetiapine group hadDRS-R98 score of "0" with no significant difference between the two groups(p = 0.47).CONCLUSION Quetiapine is as effective as haloperidol in the management of delirium.

关键词： Delirium Quetiapine Effectiveness Atypical antipsychotics

Viral hepatitis prevalence in patients with active and latent tuberculosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第29期21卷 8920-8926页

作者： Hesam Ahmadi Nooredinvand David W Connell Mahmoud Asgheddi Mohammed Abdullah Marie O'Donoghue Louise Campbell Melissa I Wickremasinghe ajit Lalvani Onn Min Kon Shahid A Khan Hepatology and Gastroenterology Section Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of MedicineImperial College London Tuberculosis Service St Mary’s HospitalImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Liver Unit St Mary’s HospitalImperial College London

AIM: To assess the prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and association with drug induced liver injury(DILI) in patients undergoing anti-tuberculosis(TB) ***: Four hundred and twenty nine patients with newly diagnosed TB- either active disease or latent infection- who were due to commence antiTB therapy between September 2008 and May 2011 were included. These patients were prospectively tested for serological markers of HBV, HCV and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infections- hepatitis B core antigen(HBc Ag), hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag), hepatitis B e antigen, Ig G and Ig M antibody to HBc Ag(anti-HBc), HCV Ig G antibody and HIV antibody using a combination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot assay and polymerase chain reaction techniques. patients were reviewed at least monthly during the TB treatment initiation phase. Liver function tests were measured prior to commencement of antiTB therapy and 2-4 wk later. Liver function tests were also performed at any time the patient had significant nausea, vomiting, rash, or felt non-specifically unwell. Fisher's exact test was used to measure significance in comparisons of proportions between groups. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically ***: Of the 429 patients, 270(62.9%) had active TB disease and 159(37.1%) had latent TB infection. 61(14.2%) patients had isolated anti-HBc positivity, 11(2.6%) were also HBs Ag positive and 7(1.6%) were HCV-antibody positive. 16/270 patients with active TB disease compared to 2/159 patients with latent TB infection had markers of chronic viral hepatitis(HBs Ag or HCV antibody positive; p = 0.023). Similarly the proportion of HBs Ag positive patients were significantly greater in the active vs latent TB infection group(10/43 vs 1/29, p = 0.04). The prevalence of chronic HBV or HCV was significantly higher than the estimated United Kingdom prevalence of 0.3% for each. We found no ass

关键词： Epidemiology Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Tuberculosis Drug induced liver injury

Identification and functional studies of MLCl mutations in Chinese patients with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts(MLC)

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Identification and functional studies of MLCl mutations in C...

A prospective longitudinal study for latent tuberculosis infection in hospital in Beijing evaluating a T-cell-based assay health-care workers in a general

中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： ajit Sigh DHAUCHAK David COLMAN Montreal Neurological Institute MontrealQuebecCanada

Objective Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts(MLC,MIM# 604004) is an autosomal recessively inherited disease resulting from a deficiency of MLC1 *** study was to identify MLC1 mutations and perform their functional studies in Chinese patients with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts(MLC).Methods The analysis of clinical features and MLC1 mutation screening were performed in 13 Chinese *** functional study of MLC1 variants was carried out by western blot,real-time pCR and confocal microscope.U373MG cells transfected by ***3.1-HA-MLCl wildtype and mutants were immunoassayed with antibodies of HA and calnexin,an ER *** A total of 10 MLC1 mutations were identified in these patients,including five novel missense mutations(c.65G>A,p.R22Q;c.95C>T,p.A32V;c.218G>A, p.G73E;c.823G>A,p.A275T;c.832T>C,p.Y278H),one novel splicing mutation(c.772-lG>C in IVS9-1),one novel small deletion(c.90730del,p.V30331 Odel),one known nonsense mutation(c.593delCTCA,p.Y198X) and two known missense mutations(c.206C>T,p.S69L;c.353C>T,p.T118M).Compared with the protein expression in WT,the protein expression in mutants A32V,G73E,S69L,T118M,Y198X,A275T and C278R were reduced in different level(all pprotein expression in mutant *** with mRNA expression in WT,that in mutants G73E,T118M,Y198X and A275T were at a lower level(ppt MLC1 protein and mRNA expression and *** would be the first report about MLC1 mutations in patients with megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts in China.

关键词： megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts MLCl mutation location expression

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第11期126卷 2039-2044页

作者： ZHANG Li-fan LIU Xiao-qing ZHANG Yao DENG Guo-hua Manish pareek ajit Lalvani Department of Infectious Diseases peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Clinical Epidemiology Unit Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China

Background The health-care workers （HCWs） are at high risk of acquiring infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The objectives of this study were to compare the performance of the *** and tuberculin skin test （TST） for latent tuberculosis infection （LTBI）, evaluate diagnostic concordance and risk factors for LTBI, and observe the progression to active tuberculosis （TB） disease among HCWs in a general hospital in Beijing. Methods The prospective cohort study enrolled HCWs in a tertiary general hospital in Beijing, China, to evaluate LTBI with *** and TST. The subjects were evaluated every 12 months during the 60-month follow-up. Results Of 101 participating HCWs, 96 and 101 had valid TST and *** results, respectively. Twenty-nine （28.7%, 95% confidence interval （C/）, 19.9%-37.5%） were defined as positive by *** and 53 （55.2%, 95% CI, 45.2%-64.9%） were defined as positive by TST （using a ≥10 mm cutoff）. An agreement between the two tests was poor （57.3%, K=0.18, 95% CI, 0.01%-0.52%）. In multJvariate analysis, direct exposure to sputum smear-positive TB patients was a significant risk factor for a positive *** （OR 5.76; 95% CI 1.38-24.00）. pooled frequency of antigen- specific IFN-y secreting T-cells for subjects who reported direct contact with sputum smear-positive TB patients was significantly higher than that for participants without direct contact （p=0.045）. One of 20 participants with positive result of *** and TST developed active TB at 24-month *** *** is a more accurate, targeted method of diagnosing LTBI than TST.

关键词： T-SpOT.TB latent tuberculosis infection tuberculin skin test exposure follow-up study

An Herbal Formula LI85008F Inhibits Lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第8期2卷 809-817页

作者： Krishanu Sengupta Trimurtulu Golakoti Venkateswara Rao Chirravuri ajit Kumar Marasetti 不详

The present study demonstrates a novel herbal formulation LI85008F inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and potentiates lipolysis in 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. LI85008F is formulated by combining extracts of three Indian herbs Moringa oleifera, Murraya koenigii and Curcuma longa. Oil red O staining of 3T3-L1 adipocytes reveals that LI85008F is a synergistic formulation that inhibits adipocyte differentiation in a dose dependent manner and concurrently down regulates the key adipogenic transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (ppAR) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBp). LI85008F confers significant reductions in intracellular triglyceride content in a dose dependent manner. Evidence suggests that LI85008F antagonizes ppAR through Ser112 phosphorylation via MApK/ERK activation. Immunoblot analyses reveal that LI85008F treatment also down regulates the protein expressions of key ppAR responsive gene products such as Adipocyte differentiation related protein (ADRp), CD36, Adipocyte specific binding protein 2 (ap2) and perilipin. In differentiated adipocytes culture, LI85008F treatment results in significantly (p = 0.0169) increased lipolysis as measured by the release of glycerol. LI85008F does not exhibit cytotoxic effect on adipocytes. Taken together, the results suggest that LI85008F inhibits lipogenesis in adipocytes and concurrently antagonizes ppAR? and other lipogenic factors and in addition, potentiates triglyceride mobilization from the fat cells or enhances lipolysis.

关键词： Adipocytes Adipogenesis Curcuma longa LI85008F Moringa Oleifera Murraya Koenigii

Differential Mortality Outcomes in Real-world patients with Lean,Nonobese,and Obese Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第7期11卷 1448-1454页

作者： Vy H.Nguyen Audrey Ha Nicholas ajit Rouillard Richard Hieu Le Ashley Fong Surya Gudapati Jung Eun park Mayumi Maeda Scott Barnett Ramsey Cheung Mindie H.Nguyen Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical CenterPalo AltoCAUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMAUSA William Carey University College of Osteopathic Medicine HattiesburgMSUSA Washington University St LouisMOUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Medical CenterPalo AltoCAUSA Department of Epidemiology and population Health Stanford University Medical CenterPalo AltoCAUSA

Background and Aims:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is commonly associated with obesity but can de-velop in normal-weight people(lean NAFLD).We compared outcomes in lean,overweight,and obese ***:This retrospective chart review included patients at Stanford University Medical Center with NAFLD confirmed by imaging between March 1995 and December ***,overweight,and obese patients had body mass index of25.0 and23.0 and≥27.5 for overweight and obese Asian ***:A total of 9061 lean(10.2%),overweight(31.7%),and obese(58.1%)patients were *** patients were 5 years older than obese patients(53±17.4 VS.48.7±±15.1 years),more were female(59.6%vs.55.2%),white(49.1%vs.46.5%),had NASH(29.2%VS.22.5%),cirrhosis(25.3%.Vs.19.2%),or nonliver cancer(25.3%Vs.18.3%).Fewer had diabetes(21.7%Vs.35.8%)or metabolic comorbidi-ties(all ppatients had liver-related mortality similar to other groups but higher overall(p=0.01)and nonliver-related(p=0.02)*** multivariable model adjustment for covariates,differences between lean and obese NAFLD in liver-related,nonliver-related,and over-all mortality(adjusted hazard ratios of 1.34,1.00,and 1.32;p=0.66,0.99,and 0.20,respectively)were not ***:Lean NAFLD had fewer metabolic comorbidi-ties but similar adverse or worse outcomes,suggesting that it is not *** providers should provide the same level of care and intervention as for overweight and obese NAFLD.

关键词： Chronic liver disease Cirrhosis Lean NAFLD Liver-related mortality NAFLD NASH Nonliver cancer mortality

Enhanced Ferroelectric and Converse piezoelectric properties of Dense Lead-Free Na0.4K0.1Bi0.5TiO3Ceramics for Actuator Applications

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Advances in Materials physics and Chemistry 2019年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： N.Shara Sowmya pravin Varade Narayanan Venkataramani ajit R.Kulkarni Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

In this work, lead-free Na0.4Bi0.5 TiO3-K0.1Bi0.5TiO3 (NKBT) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the solid-state reaction method and their structural, ferroelectric and dielectric properties were systematically studied. NKBT sintered at 1150℃ for 4 h exhibited highly dense (96% - 98% of the theoretical density) and uniform grains of size 1.1 μm. The coexistence of tetragonal (p4bm) and rhombohedral (R3c) phases due to the presence of morphotrophic phase boundary for the chosen composition has been confirmed by the Rietveld refinement studies. Enhanced ferroelectric properties such as remnant polarization (pr) and coercive field (EC) are found to be 37 μC/cm2 and 30 kV/cm, respectively. The optimized synthesis procedure for NKBT ceramics resulted in enhanced strain (%) and converse piezoelectric coefficient (d33*) of 0.3 % and 554 pm/V which is attributed to smaller grain size and switching of non 180o domains. NKBT ceramics with such excellent piezoelectric properties can be considered as a promising candidate for actuator applications.

关键词： Lead-Free piezoelectric Morphotropic phase Boundary Converse piezoelectric Coefficient Actuator

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy for obstructive sleep apnea:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2019年第3期2卷 53-58页

作者： Hussein Al-Rubaye Emma Rose McGlone Borna Farzaneh Livyar Mustafa Mae Johnson ajit Kayal Caroline-Louise English Vasha Kaur Myutan Kalendran Marcus Reddy Omar A.Khan St George's University of LondonLondonSW170REUK Department of Metabolic and Investigative Medicine Hammersmith Hospital CampusImperial College LondonLondonW120HSUK Department of Anaesthetic St George's HospitalLondonSW170QTUK St George's Hospital LondonSW170QTUK Department of Upper Gastrointestinal and Bariatric Surgery St George's HospitalLondonSW170QTUK population Health Research Institute St George'sUniversity of LondonLondonSW170REUK

Objective:Bariatric surgery has been shown to be an effective method of treatment for obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)with long-term benefits,however,the mechanisms of action and the optimum operative procedure remains *** aim of this systemic review was to compare the efficacy of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)in resolving ***:A comprehensive search of MEDLINE,pubmed,Embase,and OVID was *** that reported OSA resolution in obese patients with BMI>30 kg/m2 were included in the ***,comparative prospective and matched cohort studies comparing RYGB with LSG were considered for this ***:Five studies(309 participants)were included:4 cohort studies and 1 RCT;all with low risk of *** 12 months follow-up,there was a trend towards improved resolution of OSA with LSG(OR 0.47,95%CI[0.20 to 1.06];p=0.07)when compared to *** contrast,there was a trend to poorer weight loss in the LSG group(SMD 3.83,95%CI[-1.82 to 9.48];p=0.18).Similarly,at 36 months follow-up,there was a trend towards better resolution of OSA with LSG(OR 0.52,95%CI[0.16 to 1.71];p=0.28)and a significantly poorer weight loss in LSG when compared to RYGB(SMD 8.25,95%CI[2.91 to 13.58];p=0.002).Conclusion:Despite poorer weight loss following LSG,there is a trend towards increased resolution of sleep apnea *** findings suggest the possibility of weight loss independent factors causing OSA resolution,which should be further ***:pROSpERO:CRD42018090367.

关键词： Obesity Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Obstructive sleep apnea Meta-analysis

Mutualistic Interaction of piriformospora indica(Serendipita indica) with Aloe vera, the Wonder plant for Modern Living

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2019年第11期10卷 2002-2011页

作者： Neeraj Shrivastava Shubhangi Mahajan Aditi Jain priyanka Sharma Amit C. Kharakwal ajit Varma Amity Institute of Microbial Technology (AIMT) Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida India

Aloe vera, a short-stemmed shrub is described as a “wonder plant”, due to its vast uses in various medical products. Since many decades, extensive research has revealed that the pharmacological active ingredients are distributed in both the gel and rind of the Aloe vera leaves. A. vera is very popular in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries and it is needed in large quantities with higher fractions of important constituents. To satisfy the market demand, intervention of microbial community seems to be a promising approach, which helps to increase the growth and metabolites along with plant fitness. piriformospora indica is a root colonizing endophytic fungus, having unique plant growth-promoting properties. It helps the plant to acquire more nutrients from soil even under extreme physical and nutrient stress conditions. It interacts with a wide range of hosts. Interaction of p. indica with A. vera resulted in overall increase in plant biomass and greater shoot and root length, as well as number of shoots and roots as compared to control under both in vitro and in vivo environment conditions. Apart from that, the photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b and total Chl) and aloin content were observed significantly higher in A. vera plantlets colonized with symbiotic endophyte. The antioxidant activities were also tested and found significantly higher as compared to control plants. This imparts the potential of p. indica, to resist the plants against phyto-pathogenic microbes. p. indica has been proved as a potential candidate to enhance the biomass production along with various value additions in the form of active ingredients in A. vera.

关键词： Aloe vera piriformospora indica Aloe Gel Secondary Metabolites