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Development and validation of an HPLC-UV method for analysis of methylphenidate hydrochloride and loxapine succinate in an activated carbon disposal system

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 349-356页

作者： Pooja Bakshi Andrew Korey William Fowler ajay K.Banga Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Mercer UniversityAtlantaGA 30341USA Verde Environmental Technologies 12900 Whitewater DriveMinnetonkaMN 55343USA

Unused medications have the possibility of being abused, causing serious harm to individuals who were not prescribed the drug. The Food and Drug Administration(FDA) recommends the proper disposal of unused prescribed medications to maintain safety and prevent environmental hazards. However, many of the current disposal techniques do not properly address safety. A drug disposal pouch containing granular activated carbon offers a unique disposal method to deactivate residual or expired medication in a convenient, effective, and safe manner. A robust and validated method for methylphenidate hydrochloride and loxapine succinate was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and the deactivation efficiency of the disposal system was tested. Methylphenidate hydrochloride was analyzed on a C18 analytical column(250 mm ?4.60 mm, 100?) using acetonitrile-water(0.05%(v/v) trifluoroacetic acid) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of1.0 mL/min with a run time of 15 min and retention time of 7.8 min. Loxapine succinate was separated on a C8100?(250 mm ? 4.6 mm, 5 mm) column maintained at 25 °C using a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The run time was 10 min and the retention time of the drug was around 4.6 min. Mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and water(0.3% triethylamine) at pH 3.0 as 40:60(v/v). Reference standard solutions(100 mg/mL) for both drugs were prepared by dissolving in mobile phases. These methods provide good linearity(R2? 0.999) over the range of 5–100 mg/mL for methylphenidate hydrochloride and 0.1–100 mg/mL for loxapine succinate. The assay methods were successfully applied to study the deactivation of these drugs.

关键词： Methylphenidate hydrochloride Loxapine succinate Activated carbon Analytical method development FDA drug disposal

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INVERSION OF ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY IMAGES USING L^2-GRADIENT FLOWS -- COMPUTATIONAL METHODS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2011年第5期29卷 501-525页

作者： Guoliang Xu Ming Li ajay Gopinath Chandrajit L. Bajaj LSEC ICMSEC Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Computer Sciences and Institute of Computational Engineering ~ Sciences University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

In this paper, we present a stable, reliable and robust method for reconstructing a three dimensional density function from a set of two dimensional electric tomographic images. By minimizing an energy functional consisting of a fidelity term and a regularization term, an L^2-gradient flow is derived. The flow is integrated by a finite element method in the spatial direction and an explicit Euler scheme in temporal direction. The experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient and effective.

关键词： Computational Inversion Reconstruction Electric Tomography.

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GA and PSO culled hybrid technique for economic dispatch problem with prohibited operating zones

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第6期8卷 896-903页

作者： SUDHAKARAN M. ajay-D-VIMALRAJ P. PALANIVELU T.G. ECE Department of Pondicherry University College Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605014 India

This paper presents an efficient and reliable genetic algorithm (GA) based particle swarm optimization (PSO) tech- nique (hybrid GAPSO) for solving the economic dispatch (ED) problem in power systems. The non-linear characteristics of the generators, such as prohibited operating zones, ramp rate limits and non-smooth cost functions of the practical generator operation are considered. The proposed hybrid algorithm is demonstrated for three different systems and the performance is compared with the GA and PSO in terms of solution quality and computation efficiency. Comparison of results proved that the proposed algo- rithm can obtain higher quality solutions efficiently in ED problems. A comprehensive software package is developed using MATLAB.

关键词： Economic dispatch (ED) Genetic algorithm (GA) Particle swarm optimization (PSO) Hybrid GAPSO Prohibited operating zone Crossover Mutation Velocity

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The Feasibility Evaluation of Carotid Artery Vulnerable Plaque by DECT

The Feasibility Evaluation of Carotid Artery Vulnerable Plaq...

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作者： ajay Pokhrel 昆明医科大学

学位级别：硕士

Background and purpose:The carotid artery plaque is major risk factor for ischemic strokes. The vulnerable carotid artery plaque is defined by its CT density value and plaque surface morphology in CT. The new concept of DE spectral curve introduced by DECT in recent years have also been a tool for defining plaque vulnerability. So, hence in this study, firstly we analyze the vulnerable plaques by using CT density value, plaque surface morphology and DE spectral curve and then secondly we correlate all three parameters including DE-curve for feasible evaluation of the plaque vulnerability in respect to ischemic strokes and establishing its ***:Among total of 159 cases of carotid artery plaques found between year 2012 to 2014 from First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, we only included 50 segments of carotid artery plaque from 50 cases in respect to low density in CT and transverse diameter more than 2mm and with exclusion of calcified plaques. All the patients included for study of plaque underwent DE carotid artery angiogram and respectively CT/MRI of the Head in two *** used DE-DSCT imaging （SOMATOM Definition Flash, Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany）. A dual energy protocol was used with tube A （140 kV,51 mA） and tube B （80 kV,213 mAs） with 128X 0.6-mm collimation, pitch 0.7 and rotation time of 0.28 s.. All those soft and mixed plaques were only analyzed for its morphology, CT density value and DE spectral curve and established the correlation between them. We also included the CT/MRI head of all patients whose plaques were analyzed to find out the correlation with the ischemic ***:1. In total of 159 cases found during our retrospective cases analysis we only included 50 segments of 50 cases of with 17 females and 33 males were found.21 segments of plaque were in trunk of common carotid arteries just below the bifurcation and 22 were in the bifurcation. Others 5 were in internal carotid arteries and 2

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Mathematical Model Validation of Search Protocols in MP2P Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 1807-1829页

作者： ajay Arunachalam Vinayakumar Ravi Moez Krichen Roobaea Alroobaea Saeed Rubaiee Centre for Applied Autonomous Sensor Systems(AASS) Örebro UniversityÖrebroSweden Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia Faculty of CSIT Al-Baha UniversitySaudi Arabia ReDCAD LaboratoryUniversity of SfaxTunisia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia

Broadcasting is a basic technique in Mobile ad-hoc network(MANET),and it refers to sending a packet from one node to every other node within the transmission *** is a type of broadcast where the received packet is retransmitted once by every *** naive flooding technique,floods the network with query messages,while the random walk technique operates by contacting the subsets of every node’s neighbors at each step,thereby restricting the search *** of the key challenges in an ad-hoc network is the resource or content discovery problem which is about locating the queried *** earlier works have mainly focused on the simulation-based analysis of flooding,and its variants under a wired ***,there have been some empirical studies in peer-to-peer(P2P)networks,the analytical results are still lacking,especially in the context of P2P systems running over *** this paper,we describe how P2P resource discovery protocols perform badly over *** address the limitations,we propose a new protocol named ABRW(Address Broadcast Random Walk),which is a lightweight search approach,designed considering the underlay topology aimed to better suit the unstructured *** provide the mathematical model,measuring the performance of our proposed search scheme with different widely popular benchmarked search ***,we also derive three relevant search performance metrics,i.e.,mean *** steps needed to find a resource,the probability of finding a resource,and the mean *** message *** validated the analytical expressions through *** simulation results closely matched with our analyticalmodel,justifying our *** proposed search algorithm under such highly dynamic self-evolving networks performed better,as it reduced the search latency,decreased the overall message overhead,and still equally had a good success rate.

关键词： Search protocols random walk MANET P2P networks P2P MANET mathematical model peer-to-peer wireless ad hoc network flooding mobile P2P unstructured P2P NS-2 network simulator

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Experimental study of the effect of friction phenomena on actual and calculated inventory in a small-scale CFB riser

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Particuology 2015年第4期13卷 41-47页

作者： ajay R.Bidwe Glykeria Duelli(Varela) Heiko Dieter Gnter Scheffknecht Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology(IFK) University of Stuttgart

Accurate information concerning riser inventory in a fluidized bed is required in some applications such as the calcium looping process, because it is related to the CO2 capture efficiency of the system. In a circulating fluidized bed （CFB）, the riser inventory is normally calculated from the riser pressure drop; however, the friction and the acceleration phenomena may have a significant influence on the total riser pressure drop. Therefore, deviation may occur in the calculation from the actual mass. For this reason the magnitude of the friction and the acceleration pressure drop in the entire riser is studied in small-scale risers. Two series of studies were performed： the first one in a scaled cold model riser of the 10 kWth facility, and the second one in the 10 kWth fluidized bed riser under process conditions. The velocities were chosen to comply with the fluidization regimes suitable for the calcium looping process, namely, the turbulent and the fast. In cold-model experiments in a low-velocity turbulent fluidization regime, the actual weight （static pressure drop） of the particles is observed more than the weight calculated from a recorded pressure drop. This phenomenon is also repeated in pilot plant conditions. In the cold-model setup, the friction and acceleration pressure drop became apparent in the fast fluidization regime, and increased as the gas velocity rose. Within calcium looping conditions in the pilot plant operation, the static pressure drop was observed more than the recorded pressure drop. Therefore, as a conservative approach, the influence of friction pressure drop may be neglected while calculating the solid inventory of the riser. The concept of transit inventory is introduced as a fraction of total inventory, which lies in freefall zones of the CFB system, This fraction increases as gas velocity rises.

关键词： Riser inventory Friction and acceleration in CFB Calcium looping

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Land surface temperature and spectral indices: A seasonal study of Raipur City

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第1期13卷 72-82页

作者： Subhanil Guha Himanshu Govil ajay Kumar Taloor Neetu Gill Anindita Dey Department of Applied Geology National Institute of Technology RaipurIndia Department of Remote Sensing&GIS University of JammuIndia Chhattisgarh Council of Science and Technology RaipurIndia Department of Geography Nazrul Balika VidyalayaGumaWest BengalIndia

This case study evaluates the seasonal variability of the Pearson's linear correlation coefficient of land surface temperature(LST)with some spectral indices like NDVI,NDWI,NDBI,and NDBaI by using a series of Landsat images for 1991-92,1995-96,1999-00,2004-05,2009-10,2014-15,and *** results from the average correlation of the entire period of all-season show that the LST builds a positive correlation with NDBI(0.71)and NDBaI(0.52)while it builds a negative correlation with NDVI(-0.44).The LST-NDWI correlation is *** best correlation is noticed in the post-monsoon period,while the least correlation is observed in the winter *** study can support the environmental planning to build a sustainable city under a similar environment.

关键词： Land surface temperature(LST) NDVI NDWI NDBI NDBaI

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Screening of potential GCMS derived antimigraine compound from the leaves of Abrus precatorius Linn to target“calcitonin gene related peptide”receptor using in silico analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第1期8卷 34-39页

作者： V.Parthasarathy T.V ajay Kumar Immunology Laboratory Department of PharmacyAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar608002TamilnaduIndia

Calcitonin receptor-like receptor(CRLR)is a human protein,that produces a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor(CGRP)when associates with human receptor activity-modifying protein-1(HRAMP1).CGRP is believed to be involved in triggering of *** strategies were employed to design antimigraine drug using various CGRP antagonist/ligands but most of them have failed due to their inability to reach the target“CGRP receptor”as they get metabolized before conferring their pharmacological action and exhibit toxic effect to the *** present study,evaluated the binding of 13 phyto-chemical compounds of“Abrus precatorius”identified through GCMS analysis against the protein CGRP using“Discovery Studio software”.The molecular docking study and ADME/T properties prediction were performed with the compounds using C-DOCKER *** results showed that five lead compounds of *** may act as good inhibitors for migraine headache and the compounds can be re-designed and synthesized for better antimigraine activity.

关键词： Calcitonin gene-related peptide Abrus precatorius Linn Discovery studio Migraine C-DOCKER ADME properties

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Spatial and temporal analysis of urban heat island effect over Tiruchirappalli city using geospatial techniques

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2023年第3期14卷 275-291页

作者： ajay Badugu K.S.Arunab Aneesh Mathew P.Sarwesh Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli620015Tamil NaduIndia School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014Tamil NaduIndia

Alterations made to the natural ground surface and the anthropogenic activity elevate the surface and air temperature in the urban areas compared with the surrounding rural areas,known as urban heat island *** remote sensors measure the radiation emitted by ground objects,which can be used to estimate the land surface temperature and are beneficial for studying urban heat island *** present study investigates the spatial and temporal variations in the effects of urban heat island over Tiruchirappalli city in India during the summer and winter *** study also identifies hot spots and cold spots within the study *** this study,a significant land surface temperature difference was observed between the urban and rural areas,predominantly at night,indicating the presence of urban heat island at *** diurnal land surface temperature fluctuations are also detected seasonally,with a relatively higher temperature intensity during the *** trend line analysis shows that the mean land surface temperature of the study area is increasing at a rate of 0.166 K/decade with p less than *** using the spatial autocorrelation method with the urban heat island index as the key parameter,hot spots with a 99 percent confidence level and a 95 percent confidence level were found within the urban area.A hot spot with 95 and 90 percent confidence level was identified outside the urban *** spike in temperature for a particular region in the rural area is due to industry and the associated built-up *** study also identified cold spots with a 90 percent confidence level within the rural ***,cold spots with a 95 and 99 percent confidence level were not identified within the study area.

关键词： Urbanization Land surface temperature Urban heat island effect Hot spots Remote sensing

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Effective Opinion Spam Detection: A Study on Review Metadata Versus Content

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2020年第2期5卷 76-110页

作者： ajay Rastogi Monica Mehrotra Syed Shafat Ali Department of Computer Science Jamia Millia IslamiaNew DelhiIndia

Purpose:This paper aims to analyze the effectiveness of two major types of features—metadata-based(behavioral)and content-based(textual)—in opinion spam ***/methodology/approach:Based on spam-detection perspectives,our approach works in three settings:review-centric(spam detection),reviewer-centric(spammer detection)and product-centric(spam-targeted product detection).Besides this,to negate any kind of classifier-bias,we employ four classifiers to get a better and unbiased reflection of the obtained *** addition,we have proposed a new set of features which are compared against some well-known related *** experiments performed on two real-world datasets show the effectiveness of different features in opinion spam ***:Our findings indicate that behavioral features are more efficient as well as effective than the textual to detect opinion spam across all three *** addition,models trained on hybrid features produce results quite similar to those trained on behavioral features than on the textual,further establishing the superiority of behavioral features as dominating indicators of opinion *** features used in this work provide improvement over existing features utilized in other related ***,the computation time analysis for feature extraction phase shows the better cost efficiency of behavioral features over the *** limitations:The analyses conducted in this paper are solely limited to two wellknown datasets,viz.,Yelp Zip and Yelp NYC of *** implications:The results obtained in this paper can be used to improve the detection of opinion spam,wherein the researchers may work on improving and developing feature engineering and selection techniques focused more on metadata ***/value:To the best of our knowledge,this study is the first of its kind which considers three perspectives(review,reviewer and product-centric)and four classifiers to analyze the effecti

关键词： Opinion spam Behavioral features Textual features Review spammers Spam-targeted products

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