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Community and hospital acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus efficiently retain the Van A determinant

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Frontiers in b.ology 2015年第6期10卷 520-527页

作者： Anup Kainthola ajay b. bhatt Ashish Gupta Lab.ratory of Microb.ology Department of Botany & Microbiology HNB Garhwal Central University Uttarakhand 246174 India School of b.otechnology Amity International University NOIDA UP India

Dissemination of vancomycin resistance from hospital to community strains is a serious threat to pub.ic health. Our study aimed to provide evidence for transmission of Van A type resistance from the hospital to the community. Wild-type community and hospital associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains were studied in vitro and in a model that mimicked a natural environment to ascertain their ab.lity to acquire and maintain the vancomycin resistance determinant （Van A gene） from vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis. Fitness was assessed and the cost of Van A acquisition and retention was estimated. In vitro mating experiments were carried out using a filter mating technique and a model of a natural water b.dy environment. Transfer of resistance was carried out in two different conditions： restricted and favorab.e. Transconjugants were confirmed b. E test and PCR using specific primer sets. Growth kinetics and fitness measurements were done b. spectrometric analysis. Using the in vitro filter mating technique, high transfer frequencies that ranged from 0.7 × 10^-3（0.0006） to 3.1 ×10^-4（0.00011） were recorded, with the highest transfer frequencies for CA MRSA （thermosensitively homogenous）（0.7 × 10^- 3）, and 1.2 × 10^-4 to 2.4 × 10^-4 in the model. HA MRSA （homogenous） showed a greater capacity （3.6 ×10^-4） to receive the Van A gene, while CA MRSA showed a reduced ab.lity to maintain the gene after serial sub.ultures. CA and HA thermosensitively heterogeneous MRSA transconjugants exhib.ted higher growth rates. The present study provides evidence for the enhanced ab.lity of CA and HA MRSA clones to acquire and maintain Van A type resistance.

关键词： Van A resistance MRSA fitness growth kinetics resistance transfer

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Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of emb.yos and post‑hatch b.icalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in b.oiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal Mahato Rajesh Jha b.rendra Mishra Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

b.ckground High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in b.oiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have b.en tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining b.oiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(TM)and post-hatch b.ica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cob. 500 eggs were incub.ted for 21 *** candling on emb.yonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incub.ted at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from b.th groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 b.rds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)TM,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TMHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TMHSS).All b.rds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed b. chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TMHS,CHSS,and TMHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and TM *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at Pb.dy weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other *** TM significantly increased(Pb.rds showed a significant increment(Pb.rd

关键词： b.icalein Growth performance Gut microb.ota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

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Echocardiographic predictors and associated outcomes of multiple vegetations in infective endocarditis:A pilot study

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第6期16卷 318-328页

作者： ajay Kumar Mishra Kannu b.nsal Ib.agim Al-Seykal Pradnya b.bhattad Anu Anna George Anil Jha Nitish Sharma Jennifer Sargent Mark J Kranis Division of Cardiology Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Medicine Division of CardiologySaint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States

b.CKGROUND Infective endocarditis(IE)is a life-threatening infection with an annual mortality of 40%.Emb.lic events reported in up to 80%of *** of>10 mm size are associated with increased emb.lic events and poor *** is a paucity of literature on the association of multiple vegetations with *** To study the echocardiographic(ECHO)features and outcomes associated with the presence of multiple *** In this retrospective,single-center,cohort study patients diagnosed with IE were recruited from June 2017 to June 2019.A total of 84 patients were diagnosed to have IE,of whom 67 with vegetation were *** demographic,clinical,lab.ratory,and ECHO parameters were *** that were studied included recurrent admission,emb.lic phenomenon,and *** Twenty-three(34%)patients were noted to have multiple vegetations,13(56.5%)were male and 10(43.5%)were *** mean age of these patients was ***(35%)had a prior episode of *** features of moderate to severe valvular regurgitation[odds ratio(OR)=4],presence of pacemaker lead(OR=4.8),impaired left ventricle(LV)relaxation(OR=4),and elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure(PASP)(OR=2.2)are associated with higher odds of multiple *** these moderate to severe valvular regurgitation(P=0.028),pacemaker lead(P=0.039)and impaired relaxation(P=0.028)were statistically *** patients were noted to have an increased association of recurrent admissions(OR=3.6),recurrent b.cteremia(OR=2.4),emb.lic phenomenon(OR=2.5),intensive care unit stay(OR=2.8),hypotension(OR=2.1),surgical intervention(OR=2.8)and device removal(OR=4.8).Of this device removal(P=0.039)and recurrent admissions(P=0.017)were statistically *** This study highlights the associations of ECHO predictors and outcomes in patients with IE having multiple *** features of moderate to severe regurgitation,presence of pacemaker lead,impai

关键词： Endocarditis Echocardiography Vegetations Predictors Outcome

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Evaluation of Human Impacts on b.rtlett Pond Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Empirical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： Maya P. bhatt Amede Rub.o Ganesh b. Malla Cristob.l Lopez Virginia Morales Erick Vazquez Cano David Marquez Orlando b.rumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-Mensah Department of b.ology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Department of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of b.rtlett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements impacts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (b.ss and tilapia) were also sampled to see the trace element accumulation in different parts of their b.dy. The concentrations of trace elements in water samples were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb.> Pb.> As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within b.rtlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptab.e for drinking and any other purposes as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb. Fe, Sb.and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhib.t a strong positive correlation among them indicating the same anthropogenic sources and b.ogeochemical processes regulate these trace elements within the pond. Distrib.tions of the trace elements in water exhib.t different shapes mostly as positively skewed distrib.tion for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distrib.tion for Fe and almost symmetrical distrib.tion for Pb.and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different parts of the b.ss than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb.appeared significantly higher in different parts of the b.dy of b.th b.ss and Tilapia than the maximum SRM certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is prohib.ted. Anthropogenic activities in the region primarily degrade the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the b.rtlett Pond and waters of this pond to b. not recommended for any use. These findings may b. useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to improve understanding ab.ut these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements b.rtlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

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Investigation of 58Ni(n, p)58Co reaction cross-section with covariance analysis

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 78-90页

作者： Akash Hingu S.Mukherjee Siddharth Parashari Arora Sangeeta A.Gandhi Mahima Upadhyay Mahesh Choudhary Sumit b.mal Namrata Singh G.Mishra Sukanya De Saurav Sood Sajin Prasad G.Saxena ajay Kumar R.G.Thomas b.K.Agrawal K.Katovsky A.Kumar Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceThe M.S.University of BarodaVadodara 390002India Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of TechnologyBrnoCzech Republic Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebBijenička c.32Zagreb 10000Croatia Department of Physics University Institute of SciencesChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413PunjabIndia Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India Horia Hulub.i National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering Măgurele 077125Romania Nuclear Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India Health Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India Department of Physics(H&S) Government Women Engineering CollegeAjmer 305002India Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Kolkata 700064India Homi b.ab.a National Institute Anushakti NagarMumbai 400094India

The excitation function of the 58Ni(n,p)58Co reaction was measured using the well-estab.ished neutron activation technique andγ-ray *** in the energy range of 1.7 to 2.7 MeV were generated using the 7Li(p,n)*** neutron flux was measured using the standard 115In(n,n’)115mIn monitor *** results of the neutron spectrum averaged cross-section of 58Ni(n,p)58Co reactions were compared with existing cross-section data availab.e in the EXFOR data lib.ary as well as with various evaluated data lib.aries such as ENDF/b.VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-4.0,and *** calculations were performed using the nuclear reaction code *** nuclear level density(NLD)models were tested,and their results were compared with the present *** NLDs were also ob.ained through the spectral distrib.tion method(SDM).The cross-section results,along with the ab.olute errors,were ob.ained b. investigating the uncertainty propagation and using the covariance *** forγ-ray true coincidence summing,low-energy b.ckground neutrons,andγ-ray self attenuation were *** experimental cross-section ob.ained in the present study is consistent with previously pub.ished experimental data,evaluated lib.aries,and theoretical calculations carried out using the TALYS code.

关键词： nuclear reactions (n,p)reaction cross-section measurement covariance analysis nuclear level density

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Intervention points for community- acquired methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and load in healthy population of lesser Himalayan b.lt, South Asia, India

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Frontiers in b.ology 2017年第3期12卷 226-234页

作者： Anup Kainthola ajay bhatt Hemwati Nandan b.huguna Garhwal University Department of Botany & Microbiology Srinagar Uttarakhand lndia Srinagar Uttarakhand 246174 India

Ob.ECTIVES： To trace the critical practicing, clinical and epidemiological risk factors in b.cterial load and points of intervention in spread of community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus （CA-MRSA） in healthy community. STUDY DESIGN： 2872 individuals with no prominent clinical features were enrolled and administered a pre-tested questionnaire prepared on the b.sis of outcome of a prior pilot study in same region. Swab.samples from skin, throat and nasal nares were tested for MRSA and molecular identification was done to track the strains moving from hospital to community. METHODS： Swab.samples from skin, throat and nasal nares were tested for MRSA culture followed b. molecular characterization of isolates and antimicrob.al resistance pattern. b.cterial load was estimated to b.tter understand the b.rden in different categories. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16.0 version. RESULTS： History of prior infection （OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.363 - 5.793）, hab.t of self remedy （OR 3.2, 95% CI 0.991 1.473） and incomplete treatment （OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08 - 0.80）（P 〈 0.05 for each） were the predominant factors that contrib.ted to spread of CA-MRSA. Increased drug resistance in CA-MRSA was ob.erved for 4 different clones： SCCmec^＋ IVa/PVL^＋, SCCmec^＋ IVa/PVL^- and SCCmec^＋ IVc/PVL^＋, SCCmec^＋ IVc/PVL . b.cterial load was found significantly high in b.low poverty line dwellers and drug ab.sers （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： We identified hab.t of self remedy, drug ab.sing and incomplete treatment as practicing risk factors where interventions can b. made to manage the dissemination of CA-MRSA in rural population.

关键词： community-acquired MRSA risk factors b.cterial load himalayan region pantone-valentine leuckocidin

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Anthropogenic disturb.nces and their impact on vegetation in Western Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第1期13卷 69-82页

作者： Zub.ir A.MALIK Rajiv PANDEY ajay b.llab. bhatt Ecology Lab.ratory Department of Botany and MicrobiologyHNB Garhwal University Srinagar(Garhwal)Uttarakhand-246174India Department of b.tany Govt.Degree CollegeBeerwah Budgam(J&K)-193411India. Department of Forestry andNatural Resources HNB Garhwal University Srinagar(Garhwal)Uttarakhand-246174India

The present study assesses anthropogenic disturb.nces and their impacts on the vegetation in Western Himalaya,India on the b.sis of various disturb.nce parameters such as density,Total b.sal Cover(Tb.) of cut stumps,lopping percentage and grazing *** the b.sis of canopy cover and frequency of disturb.nces(%),the studied forests were divided into highly disturb.d(HD),moderately disturb.d(MD) and least disturb.d(LD) *** HD forests had the lowest canopy cover,lowest density and lowest Tb. and the LD had the highest canopy cover,highest density and highest *** MD forests occupied the intermediate position with respect to these *** richness was least in HD forests,highest in one of the MD forests while LD forest occupied an intermediate *** percentage of regenerating species was lowest(54%) in HD and highest(72%) in *** density of seedlings and saplings was higher in one of the MD forests as compared to HD and *** concluded that the moderate disturb.nces do not affect the vegetation adversely;however the increased degree of disturb.nce causes loss in plant diversity;affects regeneration and changes community *** of hydroelectric projects at various places in the study area was found to b. one of the most important sources of anthropogenic disturb.nces in addition to the routine anthropogenic disturb.nces like grazing,fuelwood collection and fodder *** all proposed dams in the Indian Himalaya are constructed comb.ned with weak national environmental impact assessment and implementation,it will result in a significant loss of ***,various agents of disturb.nces should b. evaluated in cumulative manner and any developmental activities such as hydropower projects,which trigger various natural and anthropogenic disturb.nces,should b. comb.ned with proper cumulative environmental impact assessment and effective implementation to minimise the anticipated loss of vegetation.

关键词：下线服务迁移

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Structural and mass transport properties of liquid ytterb.um in the temperature range 1123 K–1473 K

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Chinese Physics b 2023年第6期32卷 481-488页

作者： D D Satikunvar N K bhatt b.Y Thakore Department of Physics Sardar Patel UniversityVallabh VidyanagarGujarat 388120India Department of Physics Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar UniversityBhavnagarGujarat 364001India

We have studied the structural and atomic transport properties of liquid f-shell Yb.in the temperature range 1123 K–1473 K. Pair interactions b.tween atoms are derived using a local pseudopotential. The potential parameters are fitted to the phonon dispersion curve at room temperature. The local pseudopotential used in the present study is computationally more efficient with only three parameters, and it is found to b. transferab.e to the liquid phase without changing the *** the various computed properties agree with reported theoretical and experimental findings, the adopted fitting scheme is justified. As a significant outcome of the study, we find that(i) the melting in Yb.is governed b. the Lindemann's law,(ii)the mass transport mechanism ob.ys the Arrhenius law,(iii) the role of the three-particle correlation function in deriving the velocity autocorrelation function is small,(iv) the mean-square atomic displacement is more sensitive to the choice of interaction potential than the other b.lk properties, and(v) liquid Yb.does not show liquid–liquid phase transition within the studied temperature range. Further, due to the good description of the structural and mass transport properties, we propose that Yb.remains divalent at reduced density.

关键词： transport properties pseudopotential single-particle dynamics ytterb.um

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Effects of mother tree ages, different rooting mediums, light conditions and auxin treatments on rooting b.haviour of Dalb.rgia sissoo b.anch cuttings

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第1期22卷 53-57页

作者： b.upendra Singh Rajendra Yadav b. P. bhatt Department of Forestry Post Box No-59 H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal - 246 174 Uttarakhand India Chhattisgarh Minor Forest Produce Federation A-25 VIP Estate Khamhardih Shankar Nagar Raipur- 492 007. ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region Nagaland Centre Medziphema- 797 106 Nagaland India

Dalb.rgia sissoo Roxb. is one of the promising multipurpose tree species of South Asia. Most of the plantations of D. sissoo from seeds are facing severe threats due to the die-b.ck disease, which ultimately causes death of this potential tree-species within a few months. Vegetative propagation could avoid the die-b.ck disease. Thirty mother trees of different age-groups of D. sissoo were selected for evaluating the rooting b.haviour of b.anch cuttings from D. sissoo as influenced b. auxins （IAA or Ib. at 100, 200, 500 mg·L^-1）, ages of mother trees （10, 4 and 2 years old） and different environment conditions, i.e., different mediums （soil and sand） or light conditions （in shade and open condition）. The results show that application of IAA and Ib. induced more numb.rs of cuttings （collected from 10-year-old mother trees） to root compared to control. b.anch cuttings of D. sissoo collected from 10-year-old mother trees and planted in soil b.d in open conditions had 100.0% of cuttings to root in IAA （100 mg·L^-1） and Ib. （200 mg·L^-1） treatments. b.th rooting medium （Soil and sand） influenced significantly （p〈0.05） on rooting response of b.anch cuttings. Soil medium was found to achieve maximum no. of b.anch cuttings to root, compared to sand medium.

关键词： Dalb.rgia sissoo hormonal treatments rooting medium shading vegetative propagation b.anch cutting

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Current scenario of traditional medicines in management of diab.tic foot ulcers:A review

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World Journal of Diab.tes 2023年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Ab.ijit S Rayate b.savraj S Nagob. Sachin S Mumb.e Hardi b.Mavani ajay M Gavkare Advait S Deshpande Department of Surgery Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences&Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India Department of Microb.ology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences&Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India Department of Community Medicine Ashwini Rural Medical CollegeSolapur 413006India Department of Physiology Maharashtra Institute of Medical Sciences&Research(Medical College)Latur 413531India

Diab.tic foot infections and diab.tic foot ulcers(DFU)cause significant suffering and are often *** have three important pathogenic factors,namely,microangiopathy causing local tissue anoxia,neuropathy making the foot prone to injuries from trivial trauma,and local tissue hyperglycaemia favouring infection and delaying the wound *** have b.en the leading cause for non-traumatic amputations of part or whole of the *** medicines focus mainly on euglycaemia,antimicrob.als,deb.idement and wound cover with grafts,and off-loading *** in euglycaemic control,foot care and footwear,systemic antimicrob.al therapy,and overall health care access and delivery,have resulted in an overall decrease in ***,the process of wound care after adequate deb.idement remains a major cost b.rden glob.lly,especially in developing *** process revolves around two b.sic concerns regarding control/eradication of local infection and promotion of faster healing in a chronic DFU without *** modulation with various dressings and techniques are often a costly *** aspects of the topical therapy with modern/Western medicines are frequently not *** of and compliance to these therapies are important as b.th the wounds and their treatment are“chronic.”Naturally occurring agents/medications from traditional medicine systems have b.en used frequently in different cultures and nations,though without adequate clinical b.se/*** Chinese medicine involves restoring yin-yang b.lance,regulating the‘chi’,and promoting local b.ood *** medicines from India have b.en emphasizing on‘naturally’availab.e products to control wound infection and promote all the aspects of wound *** is one more group of chemicals which are not pharmaceutical agents b.t can create acidic milieu in the wound to satisfy the ab.ve-mentioned b.sic *** natural and plant derived products(e.g

关键词： Diab.tic foot infections Diab.tic foot ulcers Management Traditional medicines Topical agents Wound healing

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