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Urban Growth Monitoring using Remote Sensing and Geo-Informatics: Case Study of Gandhinagar, Gujarat State (India)

International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第4期8卷 563-576页

作者： Bhavika Badlani ajay N. patel Krunal patel Manik H. Kalubarme Institute of Technology Nirma University Ahmedabad India Department of Science & Technology Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India

The Gandhinagar town has undergone unprecedented urban growth after assuming the status of a capital of Gujarat state, India in 1971. The Gandhinagar city lies on the western bank of river Sabarmati and city is also known as the “Tree capital of India” because of greenery with 54% green cover. The urban sprawl in Gandhinagar town was analyzed using multi-temporal Landsat TM data from 1981 to 2015. Spectral indices namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) and Built-up Index (BUI) were generated from the Landsat TM bands covering visible Red (R), Near Infrared (NIR) and Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) wavelength regions. Spectral variations in built-up, open spaces, urban vegetation and water areas were studied by generating two-dimensional spectral plots of NDBI and BUI. The spectral response of built up areas like Urban-dense and urban-sparse classes are quite distinct from other cover types like open spaces, urban vegetation and water. The results indicate that the normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) and Built-up Index (BUI) were very useful for mapping urban built-up areas in Gandhinagar town using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data. The built-up area in Gandhinagar increased from 1100.1 ha during Jan 1989 to 1907.3 ha during Jan 2015 which indicates about 73 per cent increase in the built-up area during the period of 26 years. The urban vegetation which includes parks and gardens in the city has also shown increasing trend during the period of 1989 to 2015. However, the area under open spaces has decreased as the development of built-up area has increased as per development plan of the Gandhinagar town.

关键词： Landsat-TM Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) Built-up Index (BUI) Urban Sprawl monitoring

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Monitoring Land Use and Infrastructure Changes in Industrial Complex Using Geo-Informatics Technology in Gujarat State, India

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第10期7卷 1283-1298页

作者： ajay N. patel Vijay Singh Bhagirath Kansara Manik H. Kalubarme Bindiya Panchal Bhaskarcharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar INDIA Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation (GIDC) Gandhinagar India

In the present study, detailed investigations have been carried out in Petroleum, Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) area in Vygra and Bharuch Talukas in Bharuch district of Gujarat State. Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-P6) LISS-III, LISS-IV and CARTOSAT digital data covering PCPIR area in Bharuch district for the period of January & February of 2011, 2012 and 2013 was analyzed for land use/land cover mapping and monitoring the changes in land use. Various thematic land use/land cover maps were prepared and GIS database for various thematic layers have been generated using satellite and ground based information. The results indicate that the major land use in the PCPIR area is agriculture with crop lands ranging from 61 to 63 per cent of the total area. Crop land has decreased from 64.7% during 2011 to 62.7% during 2013 in the PCPIR region. Area under plantations in PCPIR area has also decreased from 5.5% during 2011 to 5.2% during 2012. The industrial area has increased from 6.0% to 7.6% of the total area of the PCPIR region. The total built-up area (industries & village area) has increased from 7.1% during 2011 to 8.7% during 2013. Tree plantations in the area of around 42 ha were carried out by GIDC during 2012 and 2013 to increase the green cover in the PCPIR area.

关键词： Petroleum Chemicals and Petrochemical Investment Region (PCPIR) Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-IV Digital Data CARTOSAT Land Use/Land Cover Mapping GIS Environment Change Monitoring

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Soil Resources Information System for Improving Productivity Using Geo-Informatics Technology

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第8期5卷 771-784页

作者： Kartik M. Thakor Nishith Dharaiya Vijay Singh ajay patel Khalid Mehmood Manik H. Kalubarme Bhaskarcharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India Department of Life Sciences Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University Patan Gujarat India

Soil surveying and mapping is an important operation, since it plays a key role in the knowledge about soil nutrients, properties and how it can be used for agriculture. This study was carried out in order to map soil chemical properties and macronutrients status in North, Center and South districts zones of Gujarat state. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used in this study to present the secondary data of the soil which were obtained from Anand Agriculture University (AAU), Gujarat. The major objective of this study was to analyze & visualize the secondary data of soil through IDW, spatial interpolation techniques for suitable mapping in a selected North, Central and South districts of Gujarat state. Various maps showing spatial distribution of micronutrients and chemical properties for North, Center and South districts zones of Gujarat state were prepared. These digital maps can be used in precision farming studies with the application of fertilizers and micro-nutrients as per the requirement and the recommendations. This approach is proposed as a method for the evaluation of sustainable soil management practices such as variable rate of fertilization. This study demonstrates the usefulness of geo-informatics technology in soil survey as well as applications of various micronutrients to specific areas based on recommendations.

关键词： Geographic Information System (GIS) Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) Soil Survey Chemical Properties Macronutrients Spatial Distribution

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Urban Heat Island Characterization and Isotherm Mapping Using Geo-Informatics Technology in Ahmedabad City, Gujarat State, India

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第3期6卷 274-285页

作者： Ram Joshi Hardik Raval Maharshi Pathak Sumit Prajapati ajay patel Vijay Singh Manik H. Kalubarme Department of Civil Engineering School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Gandhinagar India Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India

India has witnessed tremendous industrialization in the last five decades. This has led to migration of masses from rural areas towards cities for jobs and businesses. With increase in the population, the demand for residences has also increased which has escalated growth of slum areas and haphazard planning in suburbs. City of Ahmedabad is one such urban metropolis in the state of Gujarat, India. Being the financial capital of Gujarat, population of the city has increased many folds since 1980s. Congested and unsustainable planning and increasing in the emissions from industries and vehicles in certain areas of the city have given birth to many climatic issues. One of these major problems is the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomena. This has increased the temperature by four to five degrees and has also severely affected air quality. Satellite based Remote sensing data can provide temperature information of various land use classes. Remote Sensing data along with in-situ surface measurements can help to identify urban heat island intensities and hotspots in the cities. A study on heat island characterization and isotherm mapping was taken up in Ahmedabad City. In the present study, Surface Heat Island (SHI) effect is studied using satellite data along with field measurements. Thermal infrared data from Landsat ETM band-6 have been effectively used for monitoring temperature differences of various land use classes in urban areas. The study aims to identify and study the urban hot spots using the data from LANDSAT-5 and field data collected using IR Gun in various zones of Ahmedabad City. The results of this study indicated that the surface temperature near industrial areas and dense urban areas was higher as compared to other suburban areas in the Ahmedabad City.

关键词： Surface Temperature Urban Heat Island (UHI) Phenomena Hot Spots Landsat TM Thermal Infrared Isotherms Industrial Area IR Gun Geo-Informatics

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Submergence Analysis Using Geo-Informatics Technology for Proposed Dam Reservoirs of Par-Tapi-Narmada River Link Project, Gujarat State, India

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第6期5卷 622-633页

作者： Khalid Mehmood ajay patel Vijay Singh Sumit Prajapati Manik Hari Kalubarme Indra Prakash Keshav Prasad Gupta Bhaskarcharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India National Water Development Agency (NWDA) Valsad India

The Par-Tapi-Narmada river link envisages transfer of surplus water from west flowing rivers between Par and Tapi in Gujarat State, India to water deficit areas in North Gujarat. The scheme is located mainly in southern Gujarat but it also covers part of the areas of Maharashtra, North of Mumbai on the Western Ghats of India. The main aim of Par-Tapi-Narmada link is to transfer the surplus waters of Par, Auranga, Ambica and Purna River basins to take over part of Narmada Canal command (Miyagam branch) after providing enroute irrigation. It is proposed that water saved in Sardar Sarovar Project, as a result of this transfer, would be taken further northwards to benefit water scarce areas of north Gujarat and also westwards in Saurashtra and Kutch regions. The construction of seven reservoirs on Par-Tapi-Narmada River Link Project would affect land use/land cover, settlements and infrastructure facilities within and around reservoir area. Thus, the submergence impact analysis of all the seven reservoirs of this project have been carried out by using remote sensing and GIS techniques for planning and designing of the structures. Out of the seven reservoirs, the paper discusses submergence analysis of Kelwan Dam reservoir which is located in geologically complex region of the Dangs district. The study attempts to assess the present problems of submergence of land, forest, agriculture, settlements and infrastructure facilities by using GIS techniques for taking alternative remedial measures prior and during construction of the dams.

关键词： Par-Tapi-Narmada Link Project Land Use/Land Cover Classification Submergence Analysis GIS Environment Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-IV Digital Data

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Mangrove Restoration and Regeneration Monitoring in Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat State, India, Using Remote Sensing and Geo-Informatics

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第4期6卷 299-310页

作者： Ravi Upadhyay Nischal Joshi Atul Chandrakant Sampat Arun Kumar Verma ajay patel Vijay Singh Jaydipsinh Kathota Manik H. Kalubarme Gujarat Ecological Commission (GEC) Forest and Environment Department Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India Bhaskarcharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) Department of Science & Technology Government of Gujarat Gandhinagar India

Indian coast harbors richly diverse and critical coastal habitats like coral reefs and mangroves. Mangroves form one of the most important ecosystems of coastal and marine areas. It safeguards the ecology of the coastal areas and provides livelihood opportunities to the fishermen and pastoral families living in these areas. In real sense, mangrove is the Kalpvriksh (divine tree which fulfills all the desires) for the coastal communities. The restoration and plantation of mangroves have received a lot of attentions worldwide. To assess the impact of mangrove plantation activities and to monitor the mangrove regeneration and restoration in various villages, a joint study under the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZMP) was taken up by Gujarat Ecology Commission (GEC) and Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) in the Gulf of Kachchh, Gujarat State.?The major objective of this study was to monitor the increase in mangrove cover in coastal areas of Gulf of Kachchh using the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite data of 2005, 2011 and 2014. The mangrove regeneration was monitored using multi-temporal Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) LISS-III and LISS-IV digital data covering Gulf of Kachchh region. The multi-temporal IRS LISS-III data covering Gulf of Kachchh of October-2005, November-2011 and LISS-IV data of April-2014 was analyzed. The mangrove density and mangrove area in different talukas was estimated based on the analysis of IRS LISS-III digital data. The mangroves have been delineated based on the pink colour observed on satellite images and the area was estimated in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. The taluka or block-level mangrove areas were estimated and changes in the areas were monitored during the period of six years from 2005 to 2011. It was observed that the areas where mangrove regeneration activities were carried out with active participation of Community Based Organizations (CBOs), mang

关键词： Remote Sensing Geo-Informatics Mangrove Ecosystem Change Monitoring Indian Remote Sensing Satellite Mangrove Regeneration Community Based Organizations (CBOs)

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Estimation of PSA Half-Life Following Salvage Radiation Therapy

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2018年第1期9卷 9-15页

作者： ajay B. patel Katherine S. Tzou Michael G. Heckman Colleen S. Thomas Richard J. Lee Nitesh Paryani Thomas M. Pisansky Jennifer L. Peterson Robert C. Miller Stephen J. Ko Laura A. Vallow Steven J. Buskirk Northside Radiation Oncology Consultants Atlanta GA USA Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA Division of Biostatistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA Central Florida Cancer Care Center Orlando FL USA TRI Radiation Oncology Kansas City MO USA Department of Radiation Oncology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Background:?We aim to estimate prostate-specific antigen (PSA) half-life after salvage radiation therapy (SRT) in patients with detectable PSA after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: A total of 272 patients treated with salvage radiotherapy between July 1987 and July 2010 were included in this IRB approved retrospective analysis. The median pre-salvage radiotherapy dose was 0.6 ng/mL (range, 0.2 - 21.9 ng/mL), 47 patients had at least a minimum tumor stage of T3b, 29 had a Gleason score over 7, and median dose was 66.6 Gy (range, 54.0 - 72.4 Gy). Results: The estimated PSA half-life in our cohort of patients was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.9 - 3.2 months;range, 0.5 - 28.5 months). There was no evidence of a statistically significant association between PSA half-life and any baseline clinicopathologic characteristics. The median interval between individual PSA measurements was noted to be 4.6 months (range, 0.1 - 20.4 months). The median interval from the start of radiation therapy to the nadir PSA was 6.3 months (range, 1.3 - 79.1 months). PSA half-life remained approximately 3.0 months when accounting for infrequent and outlier PSA values. Conclusion: The PSA half-life after definitive RT has been reported to be approximately 1.6 months. Our analysis found the PSA half-life after SRT to be approximately twice that of patients treated with definitive RT. These results provide useful information to radiation oncologists when counseling patients both before and after SRT regarding expectations about PSA measurements.

关键词： Prostate Salvage PSA PSA Kinetics

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Gallbladder perforation:A single-center experience in north India and a step-up approach for management

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第2期21卷 168-174页

作者： Vivek Gupta Abhijit Chandra Vishal Gupta Ravi patel Amit Dangi ajay Pai Department of Surgical Gastroenterology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh 226003India

Background: Spontaneous gallbladder perforation(GBP) is an uncommon diagnosis. This study presented the experience of managing spontaneous GBP over nine years at a large, tertiary care university hospital in north India and investigated the outcomes and treatment strategies. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively maintained digital database of consecutive patients was performed. All patients received medical and/or surgical treatment for spontaneous GBP in our department between January 2010 and June 2018. Results: We identifed 151 patients(81 females and 70 males) with mean age of 53 years. Most common presenting features were pain(96.7%), fever(54.3%) and jaundice(31.1%). Most common cause was gallbladder stones(84.8%) followed by common bile duct stones(30.5%), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(17.9%) and malignancy(11.9%). As per Niemeier classifcation, 8.6% had type 1 GBP(free perforation in peritoneal cavity), 76.2% had type 2 GBP(localized perforation) and 13.2% had type 3 GBP(cholecystoenteric fstula). About 60% of the perforations were diagnosed preoperatively. Type 1 was more common in patients with diabetes and also had the worst prognosis. Surgery was performed in 109 patients(72.2%). Seven patients(4.6%) had a postoperative morbidity of Clavien-Dindo Ⅲ or higher. There were three mortalities in patients who underwent surgery. Conclusions: High index of suspicion is required for preoperative diagnosis of GBP, especially in types 2 and 3. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be difficult in these patients and patients may require open or partial cholecystectomy. Early diagnosis and step-up approach for the treatment of GBP is critical.

关键词： Acute calculus cholecystitis Cholecystectomy Cholecysto-enteric fstula Niemeier classifcation

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Is de novo membranous nephropathy suggestive of alloimmunity in renal transplantation?A case report

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World Journal of Transplantation 2022年第1期12卷 15-20页

作者： Prakash I Darji Himanshu A patel Bhavya P Darji ajay Sharma Ahmed Halaw Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Zydus HospitalsAhmedabad 380059GujaratIndia Internship Department of MedicineGCS Medical CollegeHospital and Research CentreAhmedabad 380025GujaratIndia Faculty of Health and Life Science Institute of Learning and TeachingUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUnited Kingdom Consultant Transplant Surgeon Royal Liverpool University HospitalsLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplantation Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S102JFUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Post-transplant nephrotic syndrome(PTNS)in a renal allograft carries a 48%to 77%risk of graft failure at 5 years if proteinuria *** can be due to either recurrence of native renal disease or de novo glomerular *** prognosis depends upon the underlying *** describe a case of post-transplant membranous nephropathy(MN)that developed 3 mo after kidney *** patient was properly evaluated for pathophysiology,which helped in the management of the *** SUMMARY This 22-year-old patient had chronic *** received a living donor kidney,and human leukocyte antigen-DR(HLA-DR)mismatching was *** was discovered at the follow-up visit 3 mo after the *** histopathology was suggestive of *** the past antibody-mediated rejection(ABMR)might have been misinterpreted as de novo MN due to the lack of technologies available to make an accurate *** researchers have observed that HLA-DR is present on podocytes causing an anti-DR antibody deposition and development of de novo *** also reported poor prognosis in their ***,we excluded the secondary causes of *** was suggestive of IgG1 deposits that favoured the diagnosis of de novo *** patient responded well to an increase in the dose of tacrolimus and angiotensin converting enzyme *** Exposure of hidden antigens on the podocytes in allografts may have led to subepithelial antibody deposition causing de novo MN.

关键词： Post-transplant nephrotic syndrome Recurrent membranous nephropathy Secondary membranous nephropathy Alloimmunity Cryptic antigens Case report

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Pseudomonas fluorescens-like bacteria from the stomach:A microbiological and molecular study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1056-1067页

作者： Saurabh Kumar patel Chandra Bhan Pratap ajay Kumar Verma Ashok Kumar Jain Vinod Kumar Dixit Gopal Nath Department of Microbiology Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi UP 221005India Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi UP 221005India

AIM:To characterize oxidase-and urease-producing bacterial isolates,grown aerobically,that originated from antral biopsies of patients suffering from acid peptic ***:A total of 258 antral biopsy specimens were subjected to isolation of bacteria followed by tests for oxidase and urease production,acid tolerance and aerobic *** selected isolates were further characterized by molecular techniques *** for 16S rRNA using universal eubacterial and HSP60 gene specific *** amplicons were subjected to restriction analysis and partial sequencing.A phylogenetic tree was generated using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA) from evolutionary distance computed with bootstrap test of *** of acidity tolerance of bacteria isolated from antrum was performed using hydrochloric acid from 10-7 mol/L to 10-1 mol/***:Of the 258 antral biopsy specimens collected from patients,179(69.4%) were positive for urease production by rapid urease test and 31%(80/258) yielded typical Helicobacter pylori(***) after 5-7 d of incubation under a microaerophilic environment.A total of 240(93%) antral biopsies yielded homogeneous semi-translucent and small colonies after overnight *** partial 16S rRNA sequences revealed that the isolates had 99% similarity with Pseudomonas species.A phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences denoted that JQ927226 and JQ927227 were likely to be related to Pseudomonas fluorescens(***).On the basis ofHSP60 sequences applied to the UPGMA phylogenetic tree,it was observed that isolated strains in an aerobic environment were likely to be ***,and HSP60 sequences had more discriminatory potential rather than 16S rRNA ***,this bacterium was acid tolerant for hours at low ***,a total of 250(96.9%) genomic DNA samples of 258 biopsy specimens and DNA from 240 bacterial isolates were positive for the 613 bp amplicons by targetin

关键词： Antral biopsy Helicobacter pylori Pseudomonas fluorescens HSP60 Nested polymerase chain reaction Acid-tolerant bacteria

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