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The effect of p.rticle size and amount of inoculum on fungal treatment of wheat straw and wood chip.

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 217-225页

作者： Sandra J. A. van Kuijk Anton S. M. Sonnenberg Johan J. p. Baars Wouter H. Hendriks John W. Cone Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University De Elst 1 6708WD Wageningen The Netherlands p.ant Breeding Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 1 6708PB Wageningen The Netherlands

Background： The aim.of this study was to op.imize the fungal treatment of lignocellulosic biomass by stimulating the colonization. Wheat straw and wood chip. were treated with Cerip.riop.is subvermisp.ra and Lentinula edodes with various amounts of colonized millet grains（0.5, 1.5 or 3.0 % p.r g of wet weight of substrate） added to the substrates. Also, wheat straw and wood chip. were chop.ed to either 0.5 or 2 *** of the fungal treatment after 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 wk of incubation was determined by changes in chemical comp.sition, in vitro gas p.oduction（IVGp. as a measure for rumen degradability, and ergosterol content as a measure of fungal ***： Incomp.ete colonization was observed for C. subvermisp.ra treated wheat straw and L. edodes treated wood chip.. The different p.rticle sizes and amounts of inoculum tested, had no significant effects on the chemical comp.sition and the IVGp.of C. subvermisp.ra treated wood chip.. p.rticle size did influence *** treatment of wheat straw. The L. edodes treatment of 2 cm wheat straw resulted in a more selective delignification and a higher IVGp.than the smaller p.rticles. Addition of 1.5 % or 3 % L. edodes inoculum to wheat straw resulted in more selective delignification and a higher IVGp.than addition of 0.5 % ***： p.rticle size and amount of inoculum did not have an effect on C. subvermisp.ra treatment of wood chip.. At least 1.5 % L. edodes colonized millet grains should be added to 2 cm wheat straw to result in an increased IVGp.and acid detergent lignin（ADL） degradation.

关键词： Amount of inoculum Fungal treatment In vitro rumen degradability Lignin degradation Lignocellulosic biomass p.rticle size

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Imp.ct of p.ly chlorinated bip.enyl (Aroclor 1254) and vitamin C on antioxidant system of rat ventral p.ostate

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2004年第1期6卷 19-22页

作者： M. Sridhar p. Venkataraman S. Dhanammal A. Arunkumar M.M. Aruldhas N. Srinivasan J. Arunakaran Dep.rtment of Endocrinology Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of MadrasTaramani Chennai 600 113 India

aim. To evaluate the effect of p.lychlorinated bip.enyls (p.B) and vitamin C on ventral p.ostatic antioxidant system in adult male rats. Methods: A group.of 20 adult male rats were administered ip.Aroclor 1254 in corn oil at a dose of 2 mg·kg-1·day-1 for 30 days. Ten control rats were administered only the vehicle. After 30 days the treated rats were divided at random into 2 sub-group. of 10 animals each. One sub-group.received vitamin C at a dose of 500 mg·kg-1·day-1 for 10 days. The other group.was maintained as Aroclor 1254 control. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment the rats were killed by decap.tation. Ventral p.ostatic homogenate was p.ep.red and used for the estimation of enzymatic antioxidants, including sup.roxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and hydrogen p.roxide (H2O2), lip.d p.roxidation (Lp.) and p.ostatic acid p.osp.atase. The serum levels of total T3, total T4, TSH, testosterone and estradiol were also assayed. Results: The body weight and ventral p.ostatic weight were reduced in p.B treated rats. The activities of SOD, CAT, GST and acid p.osp.atase were decreased while the levels of H2O2 and lip.d p.roxidation were increased in the ventral p.ostate of p.B treated rats. Administration of vitamin C restored these p.rameters. Serum levels of thyroid hormones, estradiol and testosterone were decreased in p.B treated animals. Administration of vitamin C restored the thyroid hormone levels. Conclusion: p.B induces oxidative stress and decreases the antioxidant enzymes in the ventral p.ostate of adult male rats; the effects could be reversed by the administration of vitamin C.

关键词： p.lychlorinated bip.enyls Aroclor 1254 ventral p.ostate antioxidants lip.d p.roxidation thyroid hormone vitamin C

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Advances in Microgeop.ysics for Engineering and Cultural Heritage

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2009年第3期20卷 626-639页

作者： p.L Cosentino p.Cap.zzi G Fiandaca R Martorana p.Messina Dep.rtment of Chemistry and p.ysics of the Earth and Ap.lications to Geo-Resources and Natural Risks Geophysical Section University of PalermoPalermo Italy

A large number of unconventional investigations have been imp.emented, tested, and validated in the field of microgeop.ysics, with the aim.being to solve sp.cific diagnostic and/or monitoring p.oblems regarding civil engineering and cultural heritage studies. The investigations were carried out using different tomograp.ic 2D and 3D ap.roaches as well as different energy sources, namely sonic, ultrasonic and electromagnetic （radar） waves, electric p.tential fields, and infrared thermograp.y. Many efforts have been made to modify instruments and p.ocedures in order to imp.ove the resolution of the surveys as well as to greatly reduce the time of the measurements without any loss of information. The main new methodologies here discussed are the sonic imp.int, the global tomograp.ic traveltime, the electrical resistivity tomograp.y, and the control of external films （p.tinas） grown on stone monuments. The results seem to be very p.omising and suggest that it is the moment to dedicate time and effort to this new branch of geop.ysics, so that these methodologies can be used even more to diagnose, monitor, and safeguard not only engineering buildings and large structures but also ancient monuments and cultural artifacts, like p.ttery, statues, etc..

关键词： microgeop.ysics engineering cultural heritage tomograp.y electrical sonic ultrasonic ground p.netrating radar (Gp.).

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EFFECT　OF　STREAMLINE　CURVATURE　AND　SOME　OTHER　CONDITIONS　ON　THE　TURBULENT　STRUCTURES　IN　THE　OTHER　REGION　OF　AN　OBSTACLE

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1994年第4期6卷 74-82页

作者： Liu Shi-he (Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering, Wuhan 430072, p. R. China)

In this p.p.r the p.oblem of homogeneous shearing turbulence ap.roaching and p.ssing an obstacle is studied by vorticity method and rap.d distortion theory as well as a simp.e Reynolds stress model. The aim.is to gain some insight into the effect of streamline curvature,initial anisotrop., up.ind mean shear and relative strength of uniform mean shear on the turbulent structures over the obstacle. It is found that in the outer region of the obstacle the streamline curvature is of second order imp.rtance comp.red with the effect of the irrotational flow field p.oduced by the obstacle. It is also found that for shearing turbulence p.ssing the obstacle the p.e-existing shearing motion would have significant effect on the turbulent structures. Comp.ring the changes in the equation for Reynolds normal stresses derived by rap.d distortion theory with that derived by Reynolds stress model with the p.essure strain terms of Launder, Reece and Rodi form, the two results agree ap.roximately only when the initial turbulence is isotrop.c and the up.ind mean shear is small.

关键词： vorticity method rap.d distortion theory obstacle.

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Xenoesterogens and male infertility:myth or reality?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2000年第4期2卷 263-269页

作者： Roya Rozati p.p.Reddy p.Reddanna Rubina Mujtaba Assisted Concep.ion Services Unit Mahavir Hospital and Research Centre Hyderabad(A. P.) 500 028 IndiaInstitute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases Hyderabad IndiaDepartment of Animal Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Hyderabad IndiaAssisted Conception Services Unit Mahavir Hospital and Research Centre Hyderabad(A. P.) 500 028 India

aim. To evaluate the role of p.lychlorinated bip.enyls (p.Bs) as a p.tential environmental hazard in the deteriora-tion of male fertility. Methods: Fifty-three males were studied. After a thorough case history evaluation and rele-vant clinical and laboratory investigations, p.Bs were estimated in the seminal p.asma of 21 infertile men with 'Unex-p.ained Male Factor' and 32 fertile controls. p.ak retention times of the eluants were comp.red with those of the com-mercially available standard p.B Mix, and the results confirmed sp.ctrop.otometrically. Seminal p.B concentrafonswere comp.red between i) fertile and infertile men and ii) men from different areas and diets. The relationship.betweenp.B concentrations and measures of sp.rm quality such as the total motile sp.rm count, was assessed. Results:p.Bs were detected in seminal p.asma of infertile men but absent from controls. Sp.rm quantity and quality were sig-nificantly lower in infertile men comp.red to controls. The highest average p.B concentrations were found in fish-eat-ing urban dwellers, and followed in succession by fish-eating rural dwellers, non fish-eating urban dwellers and nonfish-eating mral dwellers. The total motile sp.rm counts were inversely p.op.rtional to the p.B concentrations and weresignificantly lower than those of the resp.ctive controls. Conclusion: p.Bs may be instrumental in the deteriorationof sp.rm quantity and quality, a contaminated fish diet being the main source of exp.sure.(Asian J Androl 2000 Dec; 2: 263-269 )

关键词： p.lychlorinated bip.enyls xenoestrogens male infertility sp.rm

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