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Initial Geological Investigations of the Central angong-Nujiang Suture at Dong Tso （84° E）, Tibet

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Initial Geological Investigations of the Central angong-Nuji...

Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1 month: the ATTUNE study

第四届青藏高原国际学术研讨会

作者： Jonathan C.Aitchison aileen m.davis Badengzhu Tibet Research Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong SARCHINA Tibet Research Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong SARCHINA Tibet Research Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong SARCHINA

＜正＞The Bangong-Nujiang suture cuts across central Tibet and marks where the meso-Tethys Ocean that once separated the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes was consumed by subduction about 150 million years ago. This relatively poorly studied Late mesozoic suture traverses Tibet meridionally at～32°N. Little is known about this zone although several models speculate on its development. The dimensions and temporal duration of the meso-Tethys Ocean as well as the timing of its closure are poorly constrained. Some data appear to indicate southward emplacement of these rocks onco the Lhasa terrane, whereas other criteria suggest their northward emplacement onto the Qiangtang terrane. Thus, the polarity of any subduction system associated with closure of this ocean remains indeterrr inate. Few detailed descriptions of rocks in the area exist and models rely on extrapolation from these reports along the entire length of the suture. In the summer of 2002, members of the HKU Tibet Research Group undertook an expedition to Dong Tso, midway along the suture （～84°E）, in order to examine the area and assess its suitability for detailed investigation and more detailed work commenced in summer of 2004, In this area a complete, albeit disrupted, ophiolite succession is particularly well exposed. The suture is marked by a series of steeply dipping south-directed thrust faults. From north to south across the suture, the following lithologies can be observed. The hanging wall at the northern margin of the suture consists of rocks of the southern Qaintang terrane that are thrust southwards over a terrane consisting of thick successions of locally ankaramitic alkaline pillow basalts overlain by limestones/marbles. The presence of rugose corals in the carbonates indicates a Paleozoic age. This terrane is itself thrust southwards over the base （north） of the ophiolite section at a zone of serpentinite-matrix mélange, which is dominated by ultramafic blocks in the footwall. Amphibolite blocks also occur within this zone. Locally the serpentinite

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam Longting Lin Christina Lam Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel matthew Lee-Archer Andrew Wong michael Roizman Amanda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee meng Tan Susan Day Christopher Levi Stephen m davis mark Parsons Bernard Yan melbourne Brain Centre at Royal melbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Department of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of medicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Department of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of medicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optimal time to commence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recommendations.A limitation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted imaging ischaemic lesions.We aimed to quantify silent ischaemic lesions and haemorrhages on mRI at 1month in patients commenced on early(mic lesions and more haemorrhages in the early anticoagulant group at 1-month mRI.methods A prospective multicentre,observational cohort study was performed at 11 Australian stroke centres.Clinical and mRI data were collected at baseline and follow-up,with blinded imaging assessment performed by two authors.Timing of commencement of anticoagulation was at the discretion of the treating stroke physician.Results We recruited 276 patients of whom 208 met the eligibility criteria.The average age was 74.2 years(SD±10.63),and 79(38%)patients were female.median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score was 5(IQR 1–12).median baseline ischaemic lesion volume was 5mL(IQR 2–17).There were a greater number of new ischaemic lesions on follow-up mRI in patients commenced on anticoagulation≥4days after index event(17%vs 8%,p=0.04),but no difference in haemorrhage rates(22%vs 32%,p=0.10).Baseline ischaemic lesion volume of≤5mL was less likely to have a new haemorrhage at 1month(p=0.02).There was no difference in haemorrhage rates in patients with an initial ischaemic lesion volume of>5mL,regardless of anticoagulation timing.Conclusion Commencing anticoagulationmic lesions at 1month in AF patients.There is no increased rate of haemorrhage with early anticoagulation.These results suggest that early anticoagulation after mild-to-moderate acute ischaemic stroke associated with AF might be safe,but randomised controlled s

关键词： patients lesions ischaemic

两种富含甘氨酸的RNA结合蛋白参与选择性剪接实现对水稻耐热性的昼夜节律调控

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Science Bulletin 2024年第1期69卷 59-71页

作者：杨闯罗安妮芦海平 Seth Jon davis 刘建祥 State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Biology University of YorkYork YO105DDUK

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)production is threatened by global warming associated with extreme high temperatures,and rice heat sensitivity is differed when stress occurs between daytime and nighttime.However,the underlying molecular mechanism are largely unknown.We show here that two glycine-rich RNA binding proteins,Os GRP3 and Os GRP162,are required for thermotolerance in rice,especially at nighttime.The rhythmic expression of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 peaks at midnight,and at these coincident times,is increased by heat stress.This is largely dependent on the evening complex component Os ELF3-2.We next found that the double mutant of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 is strikingly more sensitive to heat stress in terms of survival rate and seed setting rate when comparing to the wild-type plants.Interestingly,the defect in thermotolerance is more evident when heat stress occurred in nighttime than that in daytime.Upon heat stress,the double mutant of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 displays globally reduced expression of heat-stress responsive genes,and increases of m RNA alternative splicing dominated by exon-skipping.This study thus reveals the important role of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 in thermotolerance in rice,and unravels the mechanism on how Os GRP3/Os GRP162 regulate thermotolerance in a diurnal manner.

关键词： Alternative splicing Diurnal regulation Glycine-rich protein Oryza sativa L. Thermotolerance

Chronic disease care integration into primary care services in sub-Saharan Africa:a‘best fit’framework synthesis and new conceptual model

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Family medicine and Community Health 2022年第3期10卷 43-59页

作者： Simon R Harrison aileen m Jordan Biomedical Sciences The University of Edinburgh College of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineEdinburghUK

Objective To examine the relevance of existing chronic care models to the integration of chronic disease care into primary care services in sub-Saharan Africa and determine whether additional context-specific model elements should be considered.Design‘Best fit’framework synthesis comprising two systematic reviews.First systematic review of existing chronic care conceptual models with construction of a priori framework.Second systematic review of literature on integrated HIV and diabetes care at a primary care level in sub-Saharan Africa,with thematic analysis carried out against the a priori framework.New conceptual model constructed from a priori themes and new themes.Risk of bias of included studies was assessed using CASP and mmAT.Eligibility criteria Conceptual models eligible for inclusion in construction of a priori framework if developed for a primary care context and described a framework for long-term management of chronic disease care.Articles eligible for inclusion in second systematic review described implementation and evaluation of an intervention or programme to integrate HIV and diabetes care into primary care services in SSA.Information sources Pubmed,Embase,CINAHL Plus,Global Health and Global Index medicus databases searched in April 2020 and September 2022.Results Two conceptual models of chronic disease care,comprising six themes,were used to develop the a priori framework.The systematic review of primary research identified 16 articles,within which all 6 of the a priori framework themes,along with 5 new themes:Improving patient access,stigma and confidentiality,patient-provider partnerships,task-shifting,and clinical mentoring.A new conceptual model was constructed from the a priori and new themes.Conclusion The a priori framework themes confirm a need for co-ordinated,longitudinal chronic disease care integration into primary care services in sub-Saharan Africa.Analysis of the primary research suggests integrated care for HIV and diabetes at a primary care level is feasible and new themes i

关键词： services integration synthesis

Surgeon preferences in the treatment of thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 435-443页

作者： Edward J Wu Bradley W Fossum Wyatt Vander Voort Christopher O Bayne Robert m Szabo Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMN 55455United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery UC Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States

BACKGROUND Primary thumb carpometacarpal(CmC)osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions encountered by hand surgeons.Of the vast number of operations that have been proposed,none have demonstrated results significantly superior to trapeziectomy alone.AIm The purpose of our study was to determine why surgeons opt for their technique in treating CmC arthritis.mETHODS A cross-sectional survey of active members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand was conducted to evaluate the reasons behind their preferred technique in the treatment of isolated thumb CmC arthritis.Surgeons were contacted by email once and provided with a link to a de-identified survey consisting of 5 treatment questions and 5 demographic questions.RESULTS Of 950 responses were received.40.5%of surgeons preferred trapeziectomy+ligament reconstruction tendon interposition(LRTI),followed by trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty(28.2%),suture button suspension(5.9%),trapeziectomy alone(4.6%),prosthetic arthroplasty(3.2%),arthrodesis(1.1%),and other(6.6%).Proponents of trapeziectomy+LRTI cited familiarity(73.2%),exposure during fellowship(48.8%)and less proximal migration(60%)to be the main reasons affecting their decision.Surgeons who preferred trapeziectomy+suspensionplasty most reported simplicity(74.9%),fewer complications(45.3%),less proximal migration(43.8%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(42.7%).Advocates of suture button suspension cited avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(80.4%),shorter immobilization(76.8%),and quicker recovery(73.2%)with their technique.Advocates of trapeziectomy alone cited simplicity(97.7%),fewer complications(86.4%),and avoidance of autogenous tissue harvest(59.1%).In their comments,45%of surgeons choosing trapeziectomy alone cited evidence as an additional rationale.Advocates of prosthetic arthroplasty cited improved pinch strength(83.3%)and improved range of motion(63.3%),while those preferring arthrodesis cited better pinch strength(90%)and frequently in their comments,durability.Of the surgeon

关键词： Thumb carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Trapeziectomy Ligament reconstruction tendon interposition Suspensionplasty Preferences Trends

An overview of resistance to chemotherapy in osteosarcoma and future perspectives

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 762-793页

作者： Dorian Yarih Garcia-Ortega Sara aileen Cabrera-Nieto Haydee Sarai Caro-Sanchez marlid Cruz-Ramos Cirugia Oncologica Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia(INCAN)Ciudad de Mexico 14080Mexico Posgrado en Ciencias medicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad AnahuacCiudad de Mexico 52786Mexico Departamento de Patologi Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia(INCAN)Ciudad de México 14080Mexico Catedras de Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia(CONACYT) Instituto Nacional de CancerologiaCiudad de Mexico 14080Mexico

Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most common type of bone sarcoma.Despite the availability of multimodal treatment with surgery and chemotherapy,the clinical results remain unsatisfactory.The main reason for the poor outcomes in patients with OS is the development of resistance to methotrexate,cisplatin,doxorubicin,and ifosfamide.molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with resistance to chemotherapy include DNA repair and cell-cycle alterations,enhanced drug efflux,increased detoxification,resistance to apoptosis,autophagy,tumor extracellular matrix,and angiogenesis.This versatility of cells to generate chemoresistance has motivated the use of anti-angiogenic therapy based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors.This approach has shown that other therapies,along with standard chemotherapy,can improve responses to therapy in patients with OS.moreover,microRNAs may act as predictors of drug resistance in OS.This review provides insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the development of resistance during the treatment of OS and discusses promising novel therapies(e.g.,afatinib and palbociclib)for overcoming resistance to chemotherapy in OS.

关键词： Osteosarcoma therapy resistance tyrosine kinase inhibitor tumoral extracellular microenvironment cell cycle

Cytotoxicity, Toxicity and Anticancer Activity of manuka Honey, Saudi’s Honey and Peganum harmala Plant against Cancer Cells

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2024年第2期12卷 311-325页

作者： Naif m. Alhawiti Elber-Lewis myles Anaif m. Alhewaitey Yousef m. Almutairi Fadhah m. Alhawiti CAHFS University of California Davis Davis USA Department of Biological Science Tennessee State University Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Chemistry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia ministry of Health East Jeddah General Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Cancer occurs when the body’s cells grow beyond the usual control. Normal body cells multiply in a controlled manner and undergo apoptosis when the body no longer needs them. Different types of cancers exist, and the common ones include breast, cervical, prostate, lung, colon, and skin cancers. Several factors have been associated with cancers, and these factors include poor dieting, exposure to harmful chemicals and radiation, weak immune system, and genetics. Cancer presents an enormous health threat in the modern world and thus the need to identify an effective treatment. The conventional treatments used in the management of cancer include chemotherapy and physiotherapy. These forms of cancer treatments usually have enormous side effects on the subjects. In this respect, an alternative form of treatment would be effective in managing cancer patients. A substantial number of natural products have been observed to be effective in the management of cancer. These natural products include plants and other natural substances such as honey. This study focuses on the efficiency of natural products in the treatment of cancer. Also, the anticancer effects of Peganum harmala, manuka honey, and Saudi honey will be analyzed. Bee honey and Peganum harmala have been traditionally used in the treatment of cancer. The extracts from Peganum harmala plant have also been shown to exhibit divers’ antitumor effects similar to the mode of action of a vast number of anticancer agents. These established hypotheses thus give the rationale for this study. In this experiment, extracts were obtained from Peganum harmala leaves and exposed to cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. Similarly, solutions of manuka honey and Saudi honey were exposed to the cervical, lung, and prostate cancer cells. The experiment duration was 24 hours, which obtained results were recorded and analyzed. Peganum harmala extracts inhibit cancer cell growth at different and achievable concentrations. manuka honey highly inhibits the growth of HeLa cancer cells

关键词： Peganum harmala manuka Honey Saudi Honey Anticancer Apoptosis Natural Products

Interactions of Aurein with model membranes and Antimalarials

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第2期15卷 72-98页

作者： Anaif m. Alhewaitey Nsoki Phambu Naif m. Alhawiti Department of Chemistry Tennessee State University Nashville USA Department of Chemistry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia CAHFS University of California Davis Davis USA

Aurein is a cationic antimicrobial peptide, rich in phenylalanine residues. Although the peptide has been extensively studied, its mechanism of action is not fully understood and has not been established. This project is focused on studying the interactions of aurein with model biological membranes and antimalarials using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), fluorescence, dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFm), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. FTIR data revealed conformational changes to the secondary structure of the peptide in the presence of the model membranes. The strongest interactions of aurein were found with DOPC and lipid raft systems. Fluorescence data revealed some differences in the mechanism of interaction between aurein and lipid rafts. Topographical analysis was performed using atomic force microscopy (AFm). AFm images of the peptide with its lipid rafts showed a change in surface roughness suggesting a different mechanism of interaction. DLS data in agreement with FTIR confirmed that aurein interacts differently with the lipid rafts. The results gathered from this study provided new insights on the interaction of aurein. On the other hand, drug-drug interaction issues continue to present a major dilemma for the clinician caring for complex patients such as those infected with infectious disease. This study has examined the interaction of aurein with quinine, primaquine, and chloroquine. Significant interactions between aurein and antimalarials occured at a higher concentration of antimalarials. Interactions between aurein and anti-malarials reveal a strong interaction between aurein and primaquine. Interactions between aurein and quinine or chloroquine were found to be weak and negligible. FTIR, TGA, and DSC may be used in a complementary way to gain insights into the possible drug-drug interactions involving aurein. These studies are needed to initiate in vivo controlled interaction studies between antibiotics and anti

关键词： Aurein Fluorescence DPPC SPm cholesterol DPPC-SPm-CHOL Quinine Antimalarials

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly Styrene-Co-Poly 2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEmA) Copolymer and an Investigation of Free-Radical Copolymerization Propagation Kinetics by Solvent Effects

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2024年第1期14卷 63-93页

作者： Anaif m. Alhewaitey Ishrat Khan Naif m. Alhawiti Department of Chemistry Clark Atlanta University Atlanta USA Department of Chemistry University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia CAHFS University of California Davis Davis California

A series of homo and copolymers of styrene (ST) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEmA) in three different media (bulk, tetrahydrofuran, and benzene) have been investigated by free radical polymerization method. The samples obtained from the synthesis were characterized by Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NmR), atomic force microscopy (AFm), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that the synthesis of the polymers is more feasible under neat conditions rather than solvent directed reaction. moreover, the DSC data shows that the polystyrene obtained is amorphous in nature and therefore displayed only a glass transition signal rather than crystallization and melting peaks. In addition, this study indicates that homolopolymerization of styrene via free radical polymerization tends to be preferable in less polar solvents like THF than in non-polar solvents like benzene. Benzene might destabilize the formation of the reactive radicals leading to the formation of the products. In summary, the homolpolymerization of styrene is more feasible than the homopolymerization 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate under the experimental setup used. Styrene is more reactive than 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate than free radical polymerization reaction due in part of the generation of the benzylic radical intermediate which is more stable leading to the formation of products than alkyl radical which are less stable. Furthermore, polymerization of styrene under neat conditions is preferable in solvent-assisted environments. The choice of solvent for the synthesis of these polymers is crucial and therefore the selection of solvent that leads to the formation of a more stable reaction intermediate is more favorable. It is worth noting that the structure of the proposed copolymer consists of a highly polar and hydrophilic monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and a highly non-polar and hydrophobic monomer, styrene. These functionalities constitute an

关键词： 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Polymerization