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Pressure and Temperature Feasibility of NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis Data at ***

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Journal of Mountain Science 2008年第1期5卷 32-37页

作者： xie aihong REN Jiawen QIN Xiang KANG Shikang State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

*** (27°54' N,86°54' E),the highest peak,is often referred to as the earth's 'third' pole,at an elevation of 8844.43 m. Due to the difficult logistics in the extreme high elevation regions over the Himalayas,observational meteorological data are very few on Mt. Everest. In 2005,an automatic weather station was operated at the East Rongbuk glacier Col of Mt. Everest over the Himalayas. The observational data have been compared with the reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR),and the reliability of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data has been investigated in the Himalayan region,after the reanalyzed data were interpolated in the horizontal to the location of Mt. Everest and in the vertical to the height of the observed sites. The reanalysis data can capture much of the synoptic-scale variability in temperature and pressure,although the reanalysis values are systematically lower than the observation. Furthermore,most of the variability magnitude is,to some degree,underestimated. In addition,the variation extracted from the NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed pressure and temperature prominently appears one-day lead to that from the observational data,which is more important from the standpoint of improving the safety of climbers who attempt to climb Mt. Everest peak.

关键词：温度压力珠穆朗玛峰气候

广西妇幼保健机构资源配置效率评价及提升路径研究

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中国初级卫生保健 2024年第6期38卷 36-40页

作者：巫东玲李宏亨黄艳李鸿玲谢爱红陈成科李金培罗红叶广西医科大学信息与管理学院广西南宁530021 南宁市第八人民医院广西南宁530003 广西中医药大学广西南宁530200

目的:对广西妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置效率进行研究,分析卫生资源利用过程中存在的主要问题,探讨其卫生资源配置的提升路径,为优化妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置提出可行的对策与建议。方法:从《广西卫生健康统计年鉴(2022)》中选取妇幼保... 详细信息

目的:对广西妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置效率进行研究,分析卫生资源利用过程中存在的主要问题,探讨其卫生资源配置的提升路径,为优化妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置提出可行的对策与建议。方法:从《广西卫生健康统计年鉴(2022)》中选取妇幼保健机构的投入产出指标数据,采用数据包络分析法对投入产出效率进行综合评价,并利用模糊集定性比较分析方法,结合妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置现状,从社会、政府、组织3个层面构建卫生资源配置效率的不同提升路径。结果:广西14个地级市中有6个城市卫生资源配置有效,1个城市未能同时达到技术和规模有效,7个城市显示为无效,均存在不同程度的投入冗余及产出不足问题;提高资源配置效率的路径有4条,可归结为社会环境驱动型、政府-组织驱动型。另外,抑制资源配置效率的路径有3条,归结为全面失衡型、政府-社会环境缺失型。结论:广西大部分地区妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置不能同时达到技术和规模有效,卫生资源综合效率相对较低,不同地区间存在分布差异,不同城市间的卫生资源配置优化路径也存在差异。广西妇幼保健机构卫生资源配置效率的影响因素较为复杂,建议在加强机构设施建设的同时,注重政府与社会的投入,避免投入冗余及产出不足的问题。

关键词：卫生资源配置妇幼保健机构定性比较分析方法数据包络分析法广西

Surface mass balance and its climate significance from the coast to Dome A, East Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第10期58卷 1787-1797页

作者： DING MingHu XIAO CunDe LI ChuanJin QIN DaHe JIN Bo SHI GuiTao xie aihong CUI XiangBin Institute of Climate System Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration Polar Research Institute of China

Based on stake measurements conducted along the Chinese Antarctic traverse since Jan.1999,we investigated the characteristics of surface mass balance(SMB)and related climate consequences from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,East *** analysis suggests that post-depositional processes have a great impact on surface morphology;thus,the representativeness of a single measurement should be discussed in conjunction with local climate *** comparison among snow accumulation,ice sheet thickness,surface elevation,and ice velocity indicates that the bedrock topography has an indirect connection with the SMB patterns through controlling the surface topography and local *** observation reveals that the Lambert Glacier Basin has been experiencing increasing mass input(4.5%),whereas the inland area has experienced a 6%loss,since *** overall estimation of the SMB along the route is 71.3±44.3 kg m?2 a?1,but the annual and regional variation is *** analysis shows that there are four sections with different SMB patterns as a result of three moisture sources and surface climatic discrepancy in the Antarctic *** study is the first to identify four SMB patterns from the coast to the Dome area and should provide a valuable contribution to modeling and remote sensing on a continental scale.

关键词：气候意义物质平衡南极洲 Lambert冰川表面形貌地表气候特征内陆地区

Comparison of temperature extremes between Zhongshan Station and Great Wall Station in Antarctica

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2018年第5期10卷 369-378页

作者： aihong xie ShiMeng Wang YiCheng Wang ChuanJin Li State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Gansu Meteorological Administration LanzhouGansu 730020China

Although temperature extremes have led to more and more disasters, there are as yet few studies on the extremes and many disagreements on temperature changes in Antarctica. Based on daily minimum, maximum, and mean air temperatures(Tmin, Tmax, Tmean) at Great Wall Station(GW) and Zhongshan Station(ZS), we compared the temperature extremes and revealed a strong warming trend in Tmin, a slight warming trend in Tmean, cooling in Tmax, a decreasing trend in the daily temperature range, and the typical characteristic of coreless winter temperature. There are different seasonal variabilities, with the least in summer. The continentality index and seasonality show that the marine air mass has more effect on GW than ZS. Following the terminology of the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC AR5), we defined nine indices of temperature extremes, based on the Antarctic geographical environment. Extreme-warm days have decreased, while extreme-warm nights have shown a nonsignificant trend. The number of melting days has increased at GW, while little change at ZS. More importantly, we have found inverse variations in temperature patterns between the two stations, which need further investigation into the dynamics of climate change in Antarctica.

关键词： temperature extremes Great Wall Station Zhongshan Station West Antarctica East Antarctica inverse variations climate events

Feasibility Comparison of Reanalysis Data from NCEP-I and NCEP-II in the Himalayas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第1期6卷 56-65页

作者： xie aihong REN Jiawen QIN Xiang KANG Shichang State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 73oooo China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

*** is often referred to as the earth's ‘third' *** such it is relatively inaccessible and little is known about its *** 2005, an automatic weather station was operated at North Co(28°01' 0.95" N, 86°57' 48.4" E, 6523 m a.s.l.) of Mt *** on the observational data, this paper compares the reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR(hereafter NCEP-I) and NCEP-DOE AMIP-II(NCEP-II), in order to understand which reanalysis data are more suitable for the high Himalayas with *** *** comparing with those from the other levels, pressure interpolated from 500 hPa level is closer to the observation and can capture more synoptic-scale variability, which may be due to the very complex topography around *** and the intricately complicated orographic land-atmosphere-ocean *** interpolation from both NCEP-I and NCEP-II daily minimum temperature and daily mean pressure can capture most synoptic-scale variability(r>0.82, n=83, p<0.001).However there is difference between NCEP-I and NCEP-II reanalysis data because of different mode *** with the observation the magnitude of variability was underestimated by 34.1 %, 28.5 % and 27.1 % for NCEP-I temperature and pressure, and NCEP-II pressure, respectively while overestimated by 44.5 % for NCEP-II *** weather events interpolated from the reanalyzed data, NCEP-I and NCEP-II show the same features that weather events interpolated frompressure appear at the same day as those from the observation, and some events occur one day ahead, while most weather events interpolated from NCEP-I and NCEP-II temperature happen one day ahead of those from the observation, which is much important for the study on meteorology and climate changes in the region, and is very valuable from the view of improving the safety of climbers who attempt to climb ***.

关键词：再分析资料 NCEP 喜马拉雅山成人珠穆朗玛峰地区自动气象站观测资料复杂地形

Sources, evolution and impacts of EC and OC in snow on sea ice： a measurement study in Barrow, Alaska

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Science Bulletin 2017年第22期62卷 1547-1554页

作者： Tingfeng Dou Cunde Xiao Zhiheng Du J. J. Schauer Hong Ren Baozhu Ge aihong xie Jihua Tan Pingqing Fu Yuanxun Zhang College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sdences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wl 53706 USA state Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics-an-d Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Huairou Eco-Environmental Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

Based on the field measurements in Barrow, Alaska within the period of April-May 2015, we investigate the sources and variations of elemental carbon(EC) and organic carbon(OC) in the surface layer of snowpack on sea ice, and estimate their effects on the sea ice albedo. Results show that the snow OC in Barrow are from natural sources(e.g. terrestrial higher plants and micro-organisms) mainly, as well as biomass burning(e.g. forest fires and straw combustion) as an important part. Both EC and OC can accumulate at the snow surface with snow melt. The variations in EC and OC and liquid water content in the snow layer are well consistent during the snow-melting period. A higher rate of snow melt implied a more efficient enrichment of EC and OC. In the last phase of snow melt, the concentration increased to a maximum of 16.2 ng/g for EC and 128 ng/g for OC, which is ~10 times larger than those before snow melt onset. Except for the dominant influence of melt amplification mechanism, the variation in concentrations of EC and OC could be disturbed by the air temperature fluctuation and snowfall. Our study indicates that the lightabsorbing impurities contributed 1.6%-5.1% to the reduction in sea ice albedo with melt during the measurement period. The significant period oflight-absorbing impurities influencing on sea ice albedo begins with the rapid melting of overlying snow and ends before the melt ponds formed widely, which lasted for about 10 days in Barrow, 2015.

关键词： Arctic EC OC Sea ice Albedo Barrow

Accumulation and geochemical evidence for the Little Ice Age episode in eastern Antarctica

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第1期11卷 50-61页

作者： ChuanJin Li JiaWen Ren CunDe Xiao MingHu Ding aihong xie ZhiHeng Du XiangYu Ma DaHe Qin State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Institute of Climate System (Polar Meteorology) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

Data on accumulation and concentration of chemical compounds recorded in an essentially unexplored area(Dome Argus)of the Indian Ocean sector of eastern Antarctica during the past 2,680 years(680 B.C. to 1999 A.D.) are presented. During the first 1, 700 years(680 B. C. to 1000 A. D.), the accumulation data shows a slightly decreasing trend, while chemical ions appear to be stable, representing a stable climatic condition. An intensive increasing trend of the accumulation occurred during the 12^(th) to 14^(th) century. The period from 15^(th) to 19^(th) century was characterized by a rapid reducing accumulation and concentrations of volatile compounds suffering post-depositional loss linked to sparse precipitation amount,which was temporally consistent with the Little Ice Age(LIA) episode. Comparison between observed accumulation rates with other eastern Antarctic ice cores show a consistent decreasing trend during LIA, while sea salt and dust-originated ions increased due to sea ice extent and intensified atmospheric transportation. Distribution of volcanic originated sulfate over the Antarctic continent show a significant change during the 15^(th) century, coincident with the onset of the LIA. These results are important for the assessment of Antarctic continent mass balance and associated interpretation of the Dome A deep ice core records.

关键词： accumulation rates sea salt chemical compounds Little Ice Age eastern Antarctica

Meteorological Features at 6523 m of ***(Everest)between 1 May and 22 July 2005

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第3期3卷 181-190页

作者： xie aihong REN Jiawen QIN Xiang JIANG Youyan Joint Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Mt. Qomolangma (Everest), the highest mountain peak in the world, has little been studied extensively from a meteorological perspective, mostly because of the remoteness of the region and the re-sultant lack of meteorological data. An automatic weather station (AWS), the highest in the world, was set up on 27 April 2005 at the Ruopula Pass (6523 m asl) on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma by the team of integrated scientific expedition to Mt. Qomo-langma. Here its meteorological characteristics were analyzed according to the 10-minute-averaged and 24-hour records of air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure and wind from 1 May to 22 July 2005. It is shown that at 6523 m of Mt. Qomolangma, these meteorological elements display very obvious diurnal variations, and the character of averaged diurnal variation is one-peak-and-one-vale for air tem-perature, one-vale for relative humidity, two-peak-and- two-vale for air pressure, and one-peak with day-night asymmetry for wind speed. In the 83 days, all the air temperature, relative hu-midity and air pressure increased with some dif-ferent fluctuations, while wind speed decreased gradually and wind direction turned from north to south. The variations of relative humidity had great fluctuations and obvious local differences. Then thepaper discusses the reason for the characters of diurnal and daily variations. Compared with the corresponding records in May 1960, 5-day-averaged maximums, minimums and diurnal variations of air temperature in May 2005 were apparently lower.

关键词：大气温度辐射相对湿度珠穆朗玛峰

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谈如何让学生更有兴趣学书法

科教文汇 2014年第17期 115-115,119页

作者：谢爱红广东东莞虎门镇太平小学广东东莞523900

浓厚的兴趣能调动学生的学习积极性,增强学习效果。而书法教学作为美术教育的一项重要教学活动形式,有着重要的作用和意义。因此,本文介绍了笔者近几年在教学中对如何让学生更有兴趣学书法的体会。

关键词：书法教学兴趣激发

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