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Plant Communications 2021年第3期2卷 130-141页

作者： Bin Zhang Chi Zhang Congge Liu aigen fu Sheng Luan Chinese Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory of Western Resources and Modern Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China State Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Manganese(Mn)serves as an essential cofactor for many enzymes in various compartments of a plant *** of Mn among various organelles thus plays a central role in Mn homeostasis to support metabolic *** report the identification of a Golgi-localized Mn transporter(named PML3)that is essential for rapid cell elongation in young tissues such as emerging leaves and the pollen *** particular,the pollen tube defect in the pml3 loss-of-function mutant caused severe reduction in seed yield,a critical agronomic *** analysis suggested that a loss of pectin deposition in the pollen tube might cause the pollen tube to burst and slow its elongation,leading to decreased male *** the Golgi apparatus serves as the major hub for biosynthesis and modification of cell-wall components,PML3 may function in Mn homeostasis of this organelle,thereby controlling metabolic and/or trafficking processes required for pectin deposition in rapidly elongating cells.

关键词： manganese transport Golgi pollen tube cell wall

A SPX domain vacuolar transporter links phosphate sensing to homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第10期15卷 1590-1601页

作者： Mingda Luan fugeng Zhao Guangfang Sun Min Xu aigen fu Wenzhi Lan Sheng Luan Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of EducationProvincial Key Laboratory of BiotechnologyCollege of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Institute of future Agriculture Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China School of Life Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Excess phosphate(Pi)is stored into the vacuole through Pi transporters so that cytoplasmic Pi levels remain stable in plant *** hypothesized that the vacuolar Pi transporters may harbor a Pi-sensing mechanism so that they are activated to deliver Pi into the vacuole only when cytosolic Pi reaches a threshold high *** tested this hypothesis using Vacuolar Phosphate Transporter 1(VPT1),a SPX domain-containing vacuolar Pi transporter,as a *** studies have defined SPX as a Pi-sensing module that binds inositol polyphosphate signaling molecules(InsPs)produced at high cellular Pi *** showed here that Pi-deficient conditions or mutation of the SPX domain severely impaired the transport activity of *** further identified an auto-inhibitory domain in VPT1 that suppresses its transport *** together the results from detailed structure-function analyses,our study suggests that VPT1 is in the auto-inhibitory state when Pi status is low,whereas at high cellular Pi status InsPs are produced and bind SPX domain to switch on VPT1 activity to deliver Pi into the *** thus provides an auto-regulatory mechanism for VPT1-mediated Pi sensing and homeostasis in plant cells.

关键词： VPT1 Pi signaling autoinhibition transport activity inositol phosphates

A Thylakoid Membrane Protein functions Synergistically with GUN5 in Chlorophyll Biosynthesis

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Plant Communications 2020年第5期1卷 100-110页

作者： Chi Zhang Bin Zhang Baicong Mu Xiaojiang Zheng fugeng Zhao Wenzhi Lan aigen fu Sheng Luan The Key Laboratory of Western Resources Biology and Biological Technology College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology College of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory Singapore 117604Republic of Singapore Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Chlorophyll(Chl)is essential for photosynthetic reactions and chloroplast *** the enzymatic pathway for Chl biosynthesis is well established,the regulatory mechanism underlying the homeostasis of Chl levels remains largely *** this study,we identified CBD1(Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Defect1),which functions in the regulation of chlorophyll *** CBD1 gene was expressed specifically in green tissues and its protein product was embedded in the thylakoid ***,CBD1 was precisely co-expressed and functionally correlated with GUN5(Genome Uncoupled 5).Analysis of chlorophyll metabolic intermediates indicated that cbd1 and cbd1gun5 mutants over-accumulatedmagnesium protoporphyrin Ⅸ(Mg-Proto Ⅸ).In addition,the cbd1 mutant thylakoid contained less Mg than the wild type not only as a result of lower Chl content,but also implicating CBD1 in Mg *** was supported by the finding that CBD1 complemented a Mg^(2+)uptake-deficient Salmonella strain under low Mg *** together,these results indicate that CBD1 functions synergistically with CHLH/GUN5 in Mg-Proto IX processing,and may serve as a Mg-transport protein to maintain Mg homeostasis in the chloroplast.

关键词： chlorophyll biosynthesis magnesium thylakoid membrane GUN5 magnesium protoporphyrin

Inner Envelope CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER 1 Supports Manganese Homeostasis and Phototrophic Growth in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2018年第7期11卷 943-954页

作者： Bin Zhang Chi Zhang Congge Liu Yanping Jing Yuan Wang Ling Jin Lei Yang aigen fu Jisen Shi fugeng Zhao Wenzhi Lan Sheng Luan Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology College of Life Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China The Key Laboratory of Western Resources Biology and Biological Technology College of Life Sciences Northwest University Xi'an China Nanjing University-Nanjing Forestry University Joint Institute for Plant Molecular Biology Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and BiotechnologyNanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA These authors contributed equally to this article.

Manganese （Mn） is an essential catalytic metal in the Mn-cluster that oxidizes water to produce oxygen dur- ing photosynthesis. However, the transport protein（s） responsible for Mn2＋ import into the chloroplast re- mains unknown. Here, we report the characterization ofArabidopsis CMT1 （Chloroplast Manganese Trans- porter 1）, an evolutionarily conserved protein in the Uncharacterized Protein Family 0016 （UPFO016）, that is required for manganese accumulation into the chloroplast. CMT1 is expressed primarily in green tissues, and its encoded product is localized in the inner envelope membrane of the chloroplast. Disruption of CMT1 in the T-DNA insertional mutant cmtl-1 resulted in stunted plant growth, defective thylakoid stacking, and severe reduction of photosystem II complexes and photosynthetic activity. Consistent with reduced oxy- gen evolution capacity, the mutant chloroplasts contained less manganese than the wild-type ones. In sup- port of its function as a Mn transporter, CMT1 protein supported the growth and enabled Mn2＋ accumula- tion in the yeast cells of Mn2＋-uptake deficient mutant （3smfl）. Taken together, our results indicate that CMT1 functions as an inner envelope Mn transporter responsible for chloroplast Mn2＋ uptake.

关键词： chloroplast inner envelope manganese transporter metal transport oxygen-evolving complex

The plastid terminal oxidase is at the center balancing the redox state of thylakoid membrane

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The plastid terminal oxidase is at the center balancing the ...

SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATION4, a New var2 Suppressor Locus, Encodes a Pioneer Protein that Is Required for Chloroplast Biogenesis

2016年全国植物生物学大会

作者： Danfeng Wang Yuqi Qian aigen fu Shaanxi Key Lab of Biotechnology Northwest University

Mitochondria possess oxygen-consuming respiratory electron transfer chains(RETC),and the oxygenevolving photosynthetic electron transfer chain(PETC) resides in chloroplasts. However cyanobacteria harbor both RETC and PETC on their thylakoid membranes. It is proposed that chloroplasts could possess a RETC on the thylakoid membrane,in addition to PETC. Identification of a plastid terminal oxidase(PTOX) in the chloroplast from the Arabidopsis variegation mutant immutans(im) demonstrated the presence of a RETC in chloroplasts,and the PTOX is the committed oxidase. PTOX is distantly related to the mitochondrial alternative oxidase(AOX),which is responsible for the CN-insensitive alternative RETC. Similar to AOX as a ubiquinol oxidase,PTOX is a plastoquinol(PQH2) oxidase on the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. Lack of PTOX,Arabidopsis im showed a light-dependent variegation phenotype;and mutant plants will not survive the mediocre light intensity during its early development stage. PTOX is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis,and the phytoene desaturation is blocked in the white sectors of Arabidopsis im mutant. PTOX is a stress-related protein,and can protect plants from various environmental stresses,especially high light stress. PTOX also plays significant roles in chloroplast development and plant morphogenesis. Physiological roles played by could be a direct or indirect consequence of its PQH2 oxidase activity to maintain the PQ pool redox state on the thylakoid membrane. The PTOX-dependent chloroplast RETC(so called chlororesipration) does not contribute significantly when chloroplast PETC is normally developed and functions well. However,PTOX-mediated RETC could be the major force to regulate the PQ pool redox balance in the darkness,under conditions of stress,in non-photosynthetic plastids,especially in the early development from proplastids to chloroplasts.

关键词： photosynthesis plastid terminal oxidase(PTOX) plastoquinone(PQ) pool variegation carotenoid biogenesis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第2期4卷 229-240页

作者： Fei Yu ung-Soon Park Xiayan Liu Andrew Foudree aigen fu Marta Powikrowska Anastassia Khrouchtchova Poul Erik Jensen Jillian N. Kriger Gordon RI Gray Steven R. Rodermel College of Life Sciences Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 People's Republic of China Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology iowa State University 253 Bessey Hall Ames IA 50011 USA Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology Faculty of Life Sciences University of Copenhagen Thorvaldsensvej 40 DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Denmark Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Saskatchewan S7N 5A8 Canada

VAR2 is an integral thylakoid membrane protein and a member of the versatile FtsH class of metalloproteases in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recessive mutations in the VAR2 locus give rise to variegated plants （var2） that contain white sectors with abnormal plastids and green sectors with normal-appearing chloroplasts. In a continuing effort to isolate second-site suppressors of var2 variegation, we characterize in this report ems2505, a suppressor strain that has a virescent phenotype due to a missense mutation in At4g28590, the gene for a pioneer protein. We designated this gene SVR4 （for SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATION4） and the mutant allele in ems2505 as svr4-1. We demonstrate that SVR4 is located in chloroplasts and that svr4-1 single mutants are normal with respect to chloroplast anatomy and thylakoid membrane protein accumulation. However, they are modestly impaired in several aspects of photochemistry and have enhanced non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） capacity. A T-DNA insertion allele of SVR4, svr4-2, is seedling-lethal due to an early blockage of chloroplast development. We conclude that SVR4 is essential for chloroplast biogenesis, and hypothesize that SVR4 mediates some aspect of thylakoid structure or function that controls NPQ. We propose that in the suppressor strain, photoinhibitory pressure caused by a lack of VAR2 is ameliorated early in chloroplast development by enhanced NPQ capacity caused by reduced SVR4 activity. This would result in an increase in the number of chloroplasts that are able to surmount a threshold necessary to avoid photo-damage and thereby develop into functional chloroplasts.

关键词： Arabidopsis chloroplast biogenesis non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) photo-damage suppressor strain variegation

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鉴别超氧化物歧化酶类型的定位染色法

生物化学与生物物理进展 1996年第4期23卷 356-359页

作者：罗广华王爱国付爱根中国科学院华南植物研究所

介绍一种鉴别ＳＯＤ类型的方法─—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的定位染色法．由于不同类型的ＳＯＤ对抑制剂的表现各异，电泳后的凝胶经不同的抑制剂处理，染色，结果展示在凝胶上，ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ酶带在Ｈ２Ｏ２或ＣＮ－的作用下消失，Ｍｎ... 详细信息

介绍一种鉴别ＳＯＤ类型的方法─—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的定位染色法．由于不同类型的ＳＯＤ对抑制剂的表现各异，电泳后的凝胶经不同的抑制剂处理，染色，结果展示在凝胶上，ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ酶带在Ｈ２Ｏ２或ＣＮ－的作用下消失，Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ在ＣＨＣｌ３ＣＨ３ＯＨ作用下消失，Ｆｅ－ＳＯＤ在Ｈ２Ｏ２或．ＣＨＣｌ３－ＣＨ３ＣＨ２ＯＨ作用下失活，从酶带消失或存活的情况。

关键词：超氧化物歧化酶类型定位染色法鉴别方法

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基因枪法在遗传转化中的研究进展

基因组学与应用生物学 2018年第1期37卷 459-468页

作者：王军付爱根徐敏王玉华西北大学生命科学学院西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室陕西省生物技术重点实验室

随着遗传转化技术的革新和研究范围的扩大,作为转基因技术中坚力量的基因枪转化方法也有了较大的进步和新的应用领域,在动、植物中均有广泛应用。在植物转化中,尤其在农作物的抗虫、抗逆及品质改良方面取得较大的成就。在动物转化中也... 详细信息

随着遗传转化技术的革新和研究范围的扩大,作为转基因技术中坚力量的基因枪转化方法也有了较大的进步和新的应用领域,在动、植物中均有广泛应用。在植物转化中,尤其在农作物的抗虫、抗逆及品质改良方面取得较大的成就。在动物转化中也取得了较大的突破,其中免疫、疫苗及基因治疗等方面均得到快速发展。本综述介绍了基因枪法发展的历史过程、国内外现状以及最新的技术应用,并对其影响转化效率的因素、存在的问题以及未来发展方向进行了分析。

关键词：基因枪法遗传转化基因工程

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亲免蛋白在植物中生理功能的研究进展

基因组学与应用生物学 2015年第4期34卷 874-881页

作者：史潞静马中南张丹付爱根西北大学生命科学学院西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室陕西省生物技术重点实验室西安710069

亲免蛋白(immunophilin)是在生物体内普遍存在的一类蛋白,它们的共同特征是拥有肽基脯氨酰顺/反异构酶活性(peptidyl prolyl cis/transisomerase,PPIase)结构域。亲免蛋白在植物中存在的数量最多,在植物细胞的各个部位都有分布,对植物... 详细信息

亲免蛋白(immunophilin)是在生物体内普遍存在的一类蛋白,它们的共同特征是拥有肽基脯氨酰顺/反异构酶活性(peptidyl prolyl cis/transisomerase,PPIase)结构域。亲免蛋白在植物中存在的数量最多,在植物细胞的各个部位都有分布,对植物细胞的生命活动有广泛的影响。本文就目前亲免蛋白的研究现状,总结了它们在植物的生长发育、对逆境反应过程中的生理作用,以及叶绿体亲免蛋白在光合作用中的关键功能。

关键词：亲免蛋白 PPIase 植物发育环境胁迫光合作用

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拟南芥黄心突变体yh基因的图位克隆及分析

西北植物学报 2021年第10期41卷 1621-1626页

作者：郝亚琦宗秀梅任潘付爱根教育部西部资源生物与现代生物技术教育部重点实验室陕西省生物技术与生化工程重点实验室西北大学生命科学学院西安710069

在研究光合作用相关基因的过程中,获得了一个叶片为黄心(yellow heart,yh)的突变株,与野生型拟南芥(Col-0)相比,其新生叶片发黄,突变表型由隐性单基因控制。采用图位克隆及其精细定位技术,将yh突变基因定位在1号染色体的INS1_55_342与IN... 详细信息

在研究光合作用相关基因的过程中,获得了一个叶片为黄心(yellow heart,yh)的突变株,与野生型拟南芥(Col-0)相比,其新生叶片发黄,突变表型由隐性单基因控制。采用图位克隆及其精细定位技术,将yh突变基因定位在1号染色体的INS1_55_342与INS1_56_34区间,物理距离约为676 kb。通过测序得知yh在At1g64790第44个内含子剪接处有4个碱基的缺失,导致内含子剪切位点的变化。RT-PCR分析显示,该基因表达降低,是At1g64790基因的一个新等位突变。研究表明,yh突变体与叶绿体的发育相关,可为进一步探究植物叶绿体和叶片发育机制提供新的遗传材料。

关键词：图位克隆内含子剪接叶色叶发育