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Decade Milestone Advancement of Defect-Engineered g-C_(3)N_(4) for Solar Catalytic Applications

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 153-218页

作者： Shaoqi Hou Xiaochun Gao Xingyue Lv Yilin Zhao Xitao Yin Ying liu Juan Fang Xingxing Yu Xiaoguang Ma Tianyi Ma Dawei Su School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney(UTS)SydneyNSW 2007Australia Laboratory of Plasma and Energy Conversion School of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringLudong University186 Middle Hongqi RoadYantai 264025People’s Republic of China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry The University of Tokyo7‑3‑1 HogoBunkyoTokyoJapan School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia

Over the past decade, graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)) has emerged as a universal photocatalyst toward various sustainable carbo-neutral technologies. Despite solar applications discrepancy, g-C_(3)N_(4) is still confronted with a general fatal issue of insufficient supply of thermodynamically active photocarriers due to its inferior solar harvesting ability and sluggish charge transfer dynamics. Fortunately, this could be significantly alleviated by the “all-in-one” defect engineering strategy, which enables a simultaneous amelioration of both textural uniqueness and intrinsic electronic band structures. To this end, we have summarized an unprecedently comprehensive discussion on defect controls including the vacancy/non-metallic dopant creation with optimized electronic band structure and electronic density, metallic doping with ultraactive coordinated environment(M–N_(x), M–C_(2)N_(2), M–O bonding), functional group grafting with optimized band structure, and promoted crystallinity with extended conjugation π system with weakened interlayered van der Waals interaction. Among them, the defect states induced by various defect types such as N vacancy, P/S/halogen dopants, and cyano group in boosting solar harvesting and accelerating photocarrier transfer have also been emphasized. More importantly, the shallow defect traps identified by femtosecond transient absorption spectra(fs-TAS) have also been highlighted. It is believed that this review would pave the way for future readers with a unique insight into a more precise defective g-C_(3)N_(4) “customization”, motivating more profound thinking and flourishing research outputs on g-C_(3)N_(4)-based photocatalysis.

关键词： Defect engineering g-C_(3)N_(4) Electronic band structures Photocarrier transfer kinetics Defect states

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Building an Equal and Orderly Multipolar World: Theories and Approaches

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China International Studies 2024年第3期 5-30页

作者： liu Qing China Institute of International Studies(CIIS)

With profound changes unseen in a century taking place in a multi-polarizing world,one of the most pressing questions today is to know in what direction history will evolve and whether it will bring lasting peace and progress to *** December 2023,the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs stated that China advocates an equal and orderly multipolar world.

关键词： everyone polar stated

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女性主义视野下博物馆女性主题展览的策划研究

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东南文化 2024年第3期 150-155页

作者：刘榴安徽博物院安徽合肥230071

随着博物馆在重建女性历史和文化方面的意义日益凸显,女性主题展览越来越多地进入观众视野。女性主义理论的引入有助于在展览中打破二元思维模式下的性别对立,重塑传统文化中边缘化、标签化的女性形象。在策展实践中,表现为打破传统的... 详细信息

随着博物馆在重建女性历史和文化方面的意义日益凸显,女性主题展览越来越多地进入观众视野。女性主义理论的引入有助于在展览中打破二元思维模式下的性别对立,重塑传统文化中边缘化、标签化的女性形象。在策展实践中,表现为打破传统的男性主义叙事模式,从关注女性的外在表征转向关注女性的身份、历史和文化;使用过程思维而非静止思维,将女性置于中国妇女发展史中,充分考虑不同历史时代背景、地域文化等对女性的影响;以发展的眼光,将女性的故事诠释与社会的发展、文化的变革联系起来,关注女性的生存空间、社会地位、经验创作,发现并解决女性在社会生活中的困境,展示并唤醒她们的聪明才智和独立自主的精神,从而呼吁人们关注女性、汇聚女性力量,推动女性发展,解决社会问题。

关键词：博物馆女性主义女性主题展览女性文化展览策划

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Straw return increases crop production by improving soil organic carbon sequestration and soil aggregation in a long-term wheat-cotton cropping system

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 669-679页

作者： Changqin Yang Xiaojing Wang Jianan Li Guowei Zhang Hongmei Shu Wei Hu Huanyong Han Ruixian liu Zichun Guo Institute of Industrial Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and RapeseedMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNanjing 210014China College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuai’an 223003China College of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Cotton Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi 832000China Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable AgricultureNanjing 210008China

Straw return is a promising strategy for managing soil organic carbon(SOC)and improving yield ***,the optimal straw return strategy for sustainable crop production in the wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)cropping system remains *** objective of this study was to quantify the long-term(10 years)impact of carbon(C)input on SOC sequestration,soil aggregation and crop yields in a wheat-cotton cropping system in the Yangtze River Valley,*** treatments were arranged with a single-factor randomized design as follows:no straw return(Control),return of wheat straw only(Wt),return of cotton straw only(Ct),return of 50%wheat and 50%cotton straw(Wh-Ch)and return of 100%wheat and 100%cotton straw(Wt-Ct).In comparison to the Control,the SOC content increased by 8.4 to 20.2%under straw return.A significant linear positive correlation between SOC sequestration and C input(1.42-7.19 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1))(P2 and 1-2 mm at the 0-20 cm soil depth were also significantly elevated under straw return,with the greatest increase of the aggregate stability in the Wt-Ct treatment(28.1%).The average wheat yields increased by 12.4-36.0%and cotton yields increased by 29.4-73.7%,and significantly linear positive correlations were also detected between C input and the yields of wheat and *** average sustainable yield index(SYI)reached a maximum value of 0.69 when the C input was 7.08 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(−1),which was close to the maximum value(SYI of 0.69,C input of 7.19 Mg ha^(−1)yr^(-1))in the Wt-Ct ***,the return of both wheat and cotton straw was the best strategy for improving SOC sequestration,soil aggregation,yields and their sustainability in the wheat-cotton rotation system.

关键词： straw return crop yields SOC soil aggregates wheat-cotton cropping system

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Metal oxide ion gated transistors based sensors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1040-1060页

作者： LI Yang YAO Yu WANG LeLe WANG LiWei PANG YunCong LUO ZhongZhong ARUNPRABAHARAN Subramanian liu ShuJuan ZHAO Qiang College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023China Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique MontréalMontréalQuébec H3C3J7Canada

Metal oxide ion-gated transistors(MOIGTs)have garnered significant attention within the sensing domain due to their potential for achieving heightened sensitivity while consuming minimal energy across diverse *** harnessing the advantageous combination of metal oxides'high carrier mobility and facile surface customization,coupled with the potent signal amplification capabilities of ion-gated transistors,MOIGTs offer a promising avenue for discerning biomolecules,overseeing chemical reactions,p H levels,as well as facilitating gas or light *** the past few decades,the MOIGT field has made remarkable strides in refining device physics,enhancing material properties,showcasing robust sensing capabilities,and broadening its application *** advancements have simultaneously unveiled new challenges and opportunities,necessitating interdisciplinary expertise to fully unlock the commercial potential of *** this comprehensive review,we offer a snapshot of this swiftly evolving technology,delve into its current applications,and provide insightful recommendations for future directions in the coming decade.

关键词： sensors ion gated transistors metal oxide semiconductors biosensors chemosensors pH sensors

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Intermolecular Acid-Base-Pairs Containing Poly(p-Terphenyl-co-Isatin Piperidinium) for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 410-418页

作者： Xiaofeng Hao Zhen Li Min Xiao Zhiheng Huang Dongmei Han Sheng Huang Wei liu Shuanjin Wang Yuezhong Meng The Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat-sen University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Chemistry Henan Provincial Academy of Sciences Research Center of Green Catalysts College of ChemistryZhengzhou University

How to optimize and regulate the distribution of phosphoric acid in matrix,and pursuing the improved electrochemical performance and service lifetime of high temperature proton exchange membrane （HT-PEMs） fuel cell are significant ***,bifunctional poly （p-terphenyl-co-isatin piperidinium） copolymer with tethered phosphonic acid （t-PA） and intrinsic tertiary amine base groups are firstly prepared and investigated as *** distinctive architecture of the copolymer provides a well-designed platform for rapid proton *** not only transports through the hydrogen bond network formed by the adsorbed free phosphoric acid （f-PA）anchored by the tertiary amine base groups,but also rely upon the proton channel constructed by the ionic cluster formed by the t-PA *** the design of the structure,the bifunctional copolymers with lower PA uptake level （<100%） display prominent proton conductivities and peak power densities (99 mS cm-1,812 mW cm-2at 160℃),along with lower PA leaching and higher voltage stability,which is a top leading result in disclosed *** results demonstrate that the design of intermolecular acid-base-pairs can improve the proton conductivity without sacrificing the intrinsic chemical stability or mechanical property of the thin membrane,realizing win-win demands between the mechanical robustness and electrochemical properties of HT-PEMs.

关键词： bifunctional copolymer high temperature proton exchange membrane intermolecular acid–base-pairs phosphonic acid retention phosphonic acid uptake level

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FKF1b controls reproductive transition associated with adaptation to geographical distribution in maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第5期66卷 943-955页

作者： Suhui Chen Shan Gao Dongyang Wang Jie liu Yingying Ren Zhihan Wang Xin Wei Qin Wang Xuehui Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences College of Life SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Maize(Zea mays subspecies mays)is an important commercial crop across the world,and its flowering time is closely related to grain yield,plant cycle and latitude ***1 is an essential clock-regulated blue-light receptor with distinct functions on flowering time in plants,and its function in maize remains *** this study,we identified two FKF1 homologs in the maize genome,named ZmFKF1a and ZmFKF1b,and indicated that ZmFKF1a and ZmFKF1b independently regulate reproductive transition through interacting with ZmCONZ1 and ZmGI1 to increase the transcription levels of ZmCONZ1 and *** demonstrated that ZmFKF1b underwent artificial selection during modern breeding in China probably due to its role in geographical ***,our data suggested that ZmFKF1bHap_C7 may be an elite allele,which increases the abundance of ZmCONZ1 mRNA more efficiently and adapt to a wider range of temperature zone than that of ZmFKF1bHap_Z58 to promote maize floral *** extends our understanding of the genetic diversity of maize *** allele is expected to be introduced into tropical maize germplasm to enrich breeding resources and may improve the adaptability of maize at different climate zones,especially at temperate region.

关键词： flowering geographical distribution maize ZmFKF1

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Failure of Cronobacter sakazakii to acquire direct and cross-protection against lethal stresses after exposure to sublethal ethanol

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 81-91页

作者： Hongmei Niu Xiang Wang Yuan Wang Xiaojie Qin Yangtai liu Zhuosi Li Xu Wang Wantong Zhang Qingli Dong School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina School of Food and Drugs Shanghai Zhongqiao Vocational and Technical UniversityShanghaiChina Yili Group Innovation Centre ShanghaiChina Yili Yinuo Technology(Shanghai)Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina

Cronobacter sakazakii may encounter subinhibitory concentrations of ethanol stress over its *** tolerance to homologous or heterologous stress agents may be altered as a result of ethanol adaptive ***,the tolerance of ethanol-exposed and control cells to subsequent lethal stresses was evaluated in the current *** was discovered that sublethal ethanol exposure increased the susceptibility to lethal ethanol stress in *** as determined by the Weibull ***,sublethal ethanol concentration exposure in *** did not lead to any cross-tolerance against other stressors such as benzalkonium chloride(120 mg/L),heat(55°C),cold(4°C),simulated gastric fuid(pH 3.0),osmotic stress(sorbitol,0.75 g/mL),and desiccation *** of zeta potential,scanning electron microscope,and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy spectra revealed that cellular injury and changes in cellular chemical composition may contribute to the reduced resistance of *** after ethanol ***,sublethal ethanol exposure resulted in an elevated proportion of unsaturated fatty acids(USFA),while reducing the proportion of saturated fatty acids(SFA)and the ratio of SFA to *** developed inactivation models can serve as a valuable source of data to support quantitative microbial risk ***,a better understanding of the response of *** to sublethal ethanol exposure may provide valuable insights into the prevention and control of ***.

关键词： Cronobacter sakazakii ethanol exposure stress tolerance direct resistance cross-resistance mechanisms.

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Vision Transformers with Hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun liu Yu-Huan Wu Guolei Sun Le Zhang Ajad Chhatkuli Luc Van Gool Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Computer Vision Lab ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackles the high computational/space complexity associated with multi-head self-attention(MHSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MHSA(H-MHSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed H-MHSA learns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and H-MHSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,H-MHSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the H-MHSA module incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of HAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,HAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available at https://***/yun-liu/HAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

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Heterostructure Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP catalyst assembled membrane electrode for high-efficiency electrocatalytic nitrate to ammonia

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4872-4881页

作者： Meng Jin Jiafang liu Xian Zhang Shengbo Zhang Wenyi Li Dianding Sun Yunxia Zhang Guozhong Wang Haimin Zhang Laboratory of Materials Physics Centre for Environmental and Energy NanomaterialsAnhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Anhui Contango New Energy Technology Co. Ltd.Hefei 230031China

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)is a promising means for generating the energy carrier ***,we report the synthesis of heterostructure copper-nickel phosphide electrocatalysts via a simple vapor-phase hydrothermal *** resultant catalysts were evaluated for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia(NH_(3))in three-type electrochemical *** detail,the regulation mechanism of the heterogeneous Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP-x for NO_(3)RR performance was systematically studied through the H-type cell,rotating disk electrode setup,and membrane-electrode-assemblies(MEA)*** a result,the Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP-0.5 displays the practicability in an MEA system with an anion exchange membrane,affording the largest ammonia yield rate(RNH_(3))of 1.9 mmol·h^(−1)·cm^(−2),exceeding most of the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction electrocatalysts reported to *** theoretical calculations and in-situ spectroscopy characterizations uncover that the formed heterointerface in Cu_(3)P-Ni_(2)P/CP is beneficial for promoting nitrate adsorption,activation,and conversion to ammonia through the successive hydrodeoxygenation pathway.

关键词： electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia three-type reactors membrane-electrode-assemblies system operando ATR-IRRAS successive hydrodeoxygenation pathway

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