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Cryptic diversity and rampant hybridization in annual gentians on the qinghai-Tibet Plateau revealed by population genomic analysis

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 194-205页

作者： Peng-Cheng Fu qiao-qiao Guo Di Chang qing-Bo Gao Shan-Shan Sun School of Life Science Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang 471934PR China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001PR China

Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and complete plastomes to examine genomic divergence and hybridization in Gentiana aristata, which is endemic to the qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) region. Genetic clustering revealed that G. aristata is characterized by geographic genetic structures with five clusters(West, East, Central, South and North). The West cluster has a specific morphological character(i.e., blue corolla) and higher values of FSTcompared to the remaining clusters, likely the result of the geological barrier formed by the Yangtze River. The West cluster diverged from the other clusters in the Early Pliocene;these remaining clusters diverged from one another in the Early Quaternary. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on SNPs and plastid data revealed substantial cyto-nuclear conflicts. Genetic clustering and D-statistics demonstrated rampant hybridization between the Central and North clusters,along the Bayankala Mountains, which form the geological barrier between the Central and North clusters. Species distribution modeling demonstrated the range of G. aristata expanded since the Last Interglacial period. Our findings provide genetic and morphological evidence of cryptic diversity in G. aristata, and identified rampant hybridization between genetic clusters along a geological barrier.These findings suggest that geological barriers and climatic fluctuations have an important role in triggering diversification as well as hybridization, indicating that cryptic diversity and hybridization are essential factors in biodiversity formation within the QTP region.

关键词： Gentiana aristata Hybrid zone qinghai-Tibet Plateau Plastome Nuclear SNPs

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An adaptive finite-difference method for seismic traveltime modeling based on 3D eikonal equation

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 195-205页

作者： Bao-Ping qiao qing-qing Li Wei-Guang He Dan Zhao Qu-Bo Wu CNNC Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology Beijing 100029China National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShangdongChina SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute Nanjing211103JiangsuChina

3D eikonal equation is a partial differential equation for the calculation of first-arrival traveltimes and has been widely applied in many scopes such as ray tracing,source localization,reflection migration,seismic monitoring and tomographic imaging.In recent years,many advanced methods have been developed to solve the 3D eikonal equation in heterogeneous media.However,there are still challenges for the stable and accurate calculation of first-arrival traveltimes in 3D strongly inhomogeneous media.In this paper,we propose an adaptive finite-difference(AFD)method to numerically solve the 3D eikonal equation.The novel method makes full use of the advantages of different local operators characterizing different seismic wave types to calculate factors and traveltimes,and then the most accurate factor and traveltime are adaptively selected for the convergent updating based on the Fermat principle.Combined with global fast sweeping describing seismic waves propagating along eight directions in 3D media,our novel method can achieve the robust calculation of first-arrival traveltimes with high precision at grid points either near source point or far away from source point even in a velocity model with large and sharp contrasts.Several numerical examples show the good performance of the AFD method,which will be beneficial to many scientific applications.

关键词： 3D eikonal equation Accurate traveltimes Global fast sweeping 3D inhomogeneous media Adaptive finite-difference method

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The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Alzheimer’s Research

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 13-33页

作者： qing Zhao Hanrui Xu Jianqiang Li Faheem Akhtar Rajput Liyan qiao Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Computer Science Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur 65200Pakistan Department of Neurology Tsinghua University Yuquan HospitalBeijing 100040China

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an irreversible and neurodegenerative disease that slowly impairs memory and neurocognitive function,but the etiology of AD is still unclear.With the explosive growth of electronic health data,the application of artificial inteligence(Al)in the healthcare setting provides excellent potential for exploring etiology and personalized treatment approaches,and improving the disease's diagnostic and prognostic outcome.This paper first briefly introduces Al technologies and applications in medicine,and then presents a comprehensive review of Al in AD.In simple,it includes etiology discovery based on genetic data,computer-aided diagnosis(CAD),computer-aided prognosis(CAP)of AD using multi-modality data(genetic,neuroimaging and linguistic data),and pharmacological or non-pharmacological approaches for treating AD.Later,some popular publicly available AD datasets are introduced,which are important for advancing Al technologies in AD analysis.Finally,core research challenges and future research directions are discussed.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease artificial intelligence etiology discovery computer-aided diagnosis computer-aided prognosis treatment

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GW842166X Alleviates Osteoarthritis by Repressing LPS-mediated Chondrocyte Catabolism in Mice

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Current Medical Science 2022年第5期42卷 1046-1054页

作者： Wan-ran HUANG Jun-xue TU ai-qing qiao Li-jia CHEN Department of Pharmacy The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325000China

Objective To explore the role and underlying mechanism of GW842166X on osteoarthritis and osteoarthritis-associated abnormal catabolism.Methods The extracted mouse chondrocytes were treated with GW842166X followed by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).The chondrocytes were divided into the control group,LPS group,LPS+50 nmol/L GW842166X group,and LPS+100 nmol/L GW842166X group.The cytotoxicity of GW842166X was tested using the CCK-8 assay.Western blot,RT-qPCR,and ELISA were applied to evaluate the expression of the inflammatory biomarkers in mouse chondrocytes.The expression of extracellular matrix molecules was detected by the Western blot,RT-qPCR,and immunofluorescence.Additionally,the activity of NF-κB was checked by the Western blot and immunofluorescence.The mouse Hulth models were generated to examine the in vivo effects of GW842166X on osteoarthritis.Hematoxylin and eosin staining,safranin O/fast green staining,and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect the histological changes.Results GW842166X below 200µmol/L had no cytotoxicity on the mouse chondrocytes.LPS-induced high expression of TGF-β1,IL-10,TNF-α,and IL-6 was significantly reduced by GW842166X.In addition,GW842166X upregulated the expression of aggrecan and collagen type III,which was downregulated after the LPS stimulation.The upregulated expression of ADAMTS-5 and MMP-13 by LPS stimulation was dropped in response to the GW842166X treatment.Furthermore,LPS decreased the IκBαexpression in the cytoplasm and increased the nuclear p65 expression.However,these changes were reversed by the GW842166X pretreatment.Moreover,the damages in the knees caused by the Hulth surgery in mice were restored by GW842166X.Conclusion GW842166X impeded the LPS-mediated catabolism in mouse chondrocytes,thereby inhibiting the progression of osteoarthritis.

关键词： GW842166X lipopolysaccharide osteoarthritis chondrocyte catabolism cartilage extracellular matrix

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Comparative Analysis of ARIMA and LSTM Model-Based Anomaly Detection for Unannotated Structural Health Monitoring Data in an Immersed Tunnel

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1797-1827页

作者： qing ai Hao Tian Hui Wang qing Lang Xingchun Huang Xinghong Jiang Qiang Jing School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Key Laboratory of Road and Bridge Detection and Maintenance Technology of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou311305China Zhejiang Scientific Research Institute of Transport Hangzhou310023China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Authority Zhuhai519060China

Structural Health Monitoring(SHM)systems have become a crucial tool for the operational management of long tunnels.For immersed tunnels exposed to both traffic loads and the effects of the marine environment,efficiently identifying abnormal conditions from the extensive unannotated SHM data presents a significant challenge.This study proposed amodel-based approach for anomaly detection and conducted validation and comparative analysis of two distinct temporal predictive models using SHM data from a real immersed tunnel.Firstly,a dynamic predictive model-based anomaly detectionmethod is proposed,which utilizes a rolling time window for modeling to achieve dynamic prediction.Leveraging the assumption of temporal data similarity,an interval prediction value deviation was employed to determine the abnormality of the data.Subsequently,dynamic predictive models were constructed based on the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA)and Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)models.The hyperparameters of these models were optimized and selected using monitoring data from the immersed tunnel,yielding viable static and dynamic predictive models.Finally,the models were applied within the same segment of SHM data,to validate the effectiveness of the anomaly detection approach based on dynamic predictive modeling.A detailed comparative analysis discusses the discrepancies in temporal anomaly detection between the ARIMA-and LSTM-based models.The results demonstrated that the dynamic predictive modelbased anomaly detection approach was effective for dealing with unannotated SHM data.In a comparison between ARIMA and LSTM,it was found that ARIMA demonstrated higher modeling efficiency,rendering it suitable for short-term predictions.In contrast,the LSTM model exhibited greater capacity to capture long-term performance trends and enhanced early warning capabilities,thereby resulting in superior overall performance.

关键词： Anomaly detection dynamic predictive model structural health monitoring immersed tunnel LSTM ARIMA

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Constitutive Behavior of the Interface between UHPC and Steel Plate without Shear Connector:From Experimental to Numerical Study

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1863-1888页

作者： Zihan Wang Boshan Zhang Hui Wang qing ai Xingchun Huang School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Department of Bridge Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China

The application of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)as a covering layer for steel bridge decks has gained widespread popularity.By employing a connection without a shear connector between the steel plate and UHPC,namely,the sandblasted interface and the epoxy adhesive with sprinkled basalt aggregate interface,the installation cannot only be simplified but also the stress concentration resulting from the welded shear connectors can be eliminated.This study develops constitutive models for these two interfaces without shear connectors,based on the interfacial pull-off and push-out tests.For validation,three-point bending tests on the steel-UHPC composite plates are conducted.The results indicated that the proposed bilinear traction-separation model for the sandblasted interface and the trapezoidal traction-separation model for the epoxy adhesive with sprinkled basalt aggregate interface can generally calibrate the interfacial behavior.However,the utilization of the experimentally determined pure shear strength underestimates the load-carrying capacity of the composite plates in the case of three-point bending tests.By recalling the Mohr-Coulomb criterion,this underestimation is attributed to the enhancement of the interface shear strength by the presence of normal stress.

关键词： Cohesive zone model interfacial behavior finite element simulation UHPC steel plate

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Numerical study of submerged bending vegetation under unidirectional flow

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 92-100页

作者： Pei-pei Zhang Yi-qing Gong Ken Vui Chua Jie Dai Jing-qiao Mao College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Water Science and Technology Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK

Submerged vegetation commonly grows and plays a vital role in aquatic ecosystems,but it is also regarded as a barrier to the passing flow.Numerical simulations of flow through and over submerged vegetation were carried out to investigate the effect of vegetation density on flow field.Numerical simulations were computationally set up to replicate flume experiments,in which vegetation was mimicked with flexible plastic strips.The fluid-structure interaction between flow and flexible vegetation was solved by coupling the two modules of the COMSOL packages.Two cases with different vegetation densities were simulated,and the results were successfully validated against the experimental data.The contours of the simulated time-averaged streamwise velocity and Reynolds stress were extracted to highlight the differences in mean and turbulent flow statistics.The turbulence intensity was found to be more sensitive to vegetation density than the time-averaged velocity.The developing length increased with the spacing between plants.The snapshots of the bending vegetation under instantaneous velocity and vorticity revealed that flexible vegetation responded to the effects of eddies in the shear layer by swaying periodically.The first two rows of vegetation suffered stronger approaching flow and were prone to more streamlined postures.In addition,the origin of tip vortices was investigated via the distribution of vorticity.The results reveal the variation of flow properties with bending submerged vegetation and provide useful reference for optimizationofrestorationprojects.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics Fluid-structure interaction Turbulence Flexible and submerged vegetation

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The size effect and analogous boundary states in a circular non-Hermitian chain

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 157-165页

作者： Xin-Yu Ma Yi-Han Guan qiao-Nan Li ai-Lei He Lu Qi School of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225002China

We investigate the size effect and boundary states based on a circular non-Hermitian chain under the nonreciprocal intra-cell coupling and inter-cell coupling regimes.We find that the circular non-Hermitian chain exhibits an even–odd effect on the unit cell corresponding to a large chain,which is different from the open non-Hermitian chain only exhibiting the same effect for a small chain.Moreover,we find that the originally localized bulk states become totally extended via designing the boundary coupling strength appropriately.The extended bulk states reveal the fact of the disappearance of the non-Hermitian skin effect.In particular,we show that the circular non-Hermitian chain also possesses the analogous edge states under some parameter regimes,which is pretty counterintuitive since the circular chain usually cannot define a boundary.Our investigations supply the different non-Hermitian phenomena in a circular non-Hermitian chain.

关键词： boundary states non-Hermitian chain topological state

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Sporadic gastrinoma with refractory benign esophageal stricture:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第7期12卷 1284-1289页

作者： Qian-Nan Chen Bing-qing Bai Yan Xu qiao Mei Xiao-Chang Liu Department of Gastroenterology First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Gastrinoma is characterized by an excessive release of gastrin,leading to hypersecretion of gastric acid,subsequently resulting in recurrent peptic ulcers,chronic diarrhea,and even esophageal strictures.This case report aims to improve awareness and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma by presenting a rare case of gastrinoma with refractory benign esophageal stricture(RBES).Additionally,it highlights the persistent challenges that gastroenterologists encounter in managing RBES.CASE SUMMARY This case demonstrates a patient with gastrinoma who developed RBES and complete esophageal obstruction despite management with maximal acid suppressive therapy,multiple endoscopic bougie dilations and endoscopic incisional therapy(EIT).CONCLUSION It is essential to diagnose gastrinoma as early as possible,as inadequately controlled acid secretion over an extended period increases the risk of developing severe esophageal strictures.In patients with esophageal strictures causing complete luminal obstruction,blind reopening EIT presents challenges and carries a high risk of perforation.

关键词： Gastrinoma Zollinger-Ellison syndrome Neuroendocrine neoplasm Chronic diarrhea Refractory benign esophageal stricture Case report

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Recovering from prolonged cardiac arrest induced by electric shock:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2248-2253页

作者： Jian Zhang Yan-Ru qiao Ya-Dong Yang Guo-Zheng Pan Chong-qing Lv Department of General Surgery Shengli Oilfield Central HospitalDongying 257000Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Medicine Shengli Oilfield Central HospitalDongying 257000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cardiac arrest(CA)induced by electric shock is a rare occurrence,particularly in cases of prolonged CA.Currently,there is limited literature on similar incidents,and we present a relevant case report.CASE SUMMARY A 27-year-old Asian male man,experiencing respiratory CA due to electric shock,was successfully restored to sinus rhythm after 50 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 8 electrical defibrillation sessions.In the subsequent stages,the patient received multiple organ function protection measures,leading to a successful recovery and eventual discharge from the hospital.CONCLUSION Prolonging resuscitation time can enhance the chances of survival for patients,this study provide valuable insights into the management of electric shock-induced CA.

关键词： Electric shock Cardiac arrest Prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation Cerebral resuscitation Case report

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