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Electromagnetic pulses produced by a picosecond laser interacting with solid targets

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 430-436页

作者：牛爱慧康宁许国潇谢佳节滕建刘会亚孙明营李廷帅 School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Key Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Research Center of Laser FusionChina Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China

A high-power laser ablating solid targets induces giant electromagnetic pulses(EMPs),which are intimately pertinent to laser parameters,such as energy and pulse *** this study,we reveal the features of EMPs generated from a picosecond(ps)laser irradiating solid targets at the SG-Ⅱpicosecond petawatt(PSPW)laser *** laser energy and pulse,as well as target material and thickness,show determinative effects on the EMPs’*** intense EMPs are detected behind targets compared to those at the other three positions,and the EMP amplitude decreases from 90.09 kV/m to 17.8 kV/m with the gold target thickness increasing from 10μm to 20μm,which is suppressed when the laser pulse width is *** results are expected to provide more insight into EMPs produced by ps lasers coupling with targets and lay the foundation for an effective EMP shielding design in high-power laser infrastructures.

关键词： laser electromagnetic pulse target proton

Compound extreme inundation risk of coastal wetlands caused by climate change and anthropogenic activities in the Yellow River Delta,China

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 134-147页

作者： Xiao-Li WANG ai-Qing FENG Xi-Yong HOU Qing-Chen CHAO Bai-Yuan SONG Yu-Bin LIU Qi-Guang WANG He xu Yu-Xin ZHANG Dong Li Li-Jie DONG Yu GUO CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes Yantai 264003China China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Tongji Urban Planning Design Research Institute Shanghai 200092China School of Geography and Tourism Qilu Normal UniversityJinan 250200China China Meteorological Administration Training Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 10008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Marine Science and Technology College Zhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316022China

The coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta(YRD)in China are crucial for their valuable resources,environmental significance,and economic ***,these wetlands are also vulnerable to the dual threats of climate change and human *** substantial attention to the historical shifts in YRD's coastal wetlands,uncertainties remain regarding their future trajectory in the face of compound risks from climate change and anthropogenic *** on a range of remote sensing data sources,this study undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the evolution of YRD's coastal wetlands between 2000 and ***,the potential fate of coastal wetlands is thoroughly analyzed through the Land Use/Cover Change(LUCC)simulation using System Dynamic-Future Land Use Simulation(SD-FLUS)model and the extreme water levels projection integrated future sea-level rise,storm surge,and astronomical high tide in 2030,2050,and 2100 under scenarios of SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and *** revealed that YRD's coastal wetlands underwent a marked reduction,shrinking by 1688.72 km²from 2000 to *** decline was mostly attributed to the substantial expansion in the areas of artificial wetlands(increasing by 823.78 km2),construction land(increasing by 767.71 km²),and shallow water(increasing by 274.58 km²).Looking ahead to 2030-2100,the fate of coastal wetlands appears to diverge based on different *** the SSP1-2.6 scenario,the area of coastal wetland is projected to experience considerable *** contrast,the SSP5-8.5 scenario anticipates a notable decrease in coastal *** to the inundated area suffered from the current extreme water levels,the study projects a decrease of 6.8%-10.6%in submerged coastal wetlands by 2030 and 9.4%-18.2%by 2050 across all *** 2100,these percentages are projected to decrease by 0.4%(SSP2-4.5)and 27.1%(SSP5-8.5),but increase by 35.7%(SSP1-2.6).Results suggest that coastal wetlands in th

关键词： Climate change Anthropogenic activities Compound extreme risk Coastal wetlands Yellow River Delta

Overcoming genotypic dependency and bypassing immature embryos in wheat transformation by using morphogenic regulators

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1535-1538页

作者： Ziru Zhou Yawen Yang Guo ai Miaomiao Zhao Baozhu Han Chunjie Zhao Yiqian Chen Yuwei Zhang Hong Pan Caixia Lan Chao He Qiang Li Jieting xu Wenhao Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China WIMI Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Changzhou 213025China

Dear Editor,Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technology is of vital importance for functional genomics studies and precision breeding in crops due to low cost and clear genetic manifestation.A morphogenic gene pa... 详细信息

关键词： breeding crops transformation

Strong nonlinear optical processes with extraordinary polarization anisotropy in inversionsymmetry broken two-dimensional PdPSe

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1524-1533页

作者： Song Zhu Ruihuan Duan Xiaodong xu Fangyuan Sun Wenduo Chen Fakun Wang Siyuan Li ming Ye Xin Zhou Jinluo Cheng Yao Wu Houkun Liang Junichiro Kono Xingji Li Zheng Liu Qi Jie Wang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES UMI 3288Research Techno PlazaNanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology150001 HarbinChina Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore117543 SingaporeSingapore GPL Photonics Lab State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunChina School of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan University610064 ChengduSichuanChina School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Physics and Astronomyand Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Nonlinear optical activities,especially second harmonic generation(SHG),are key phenomena in inversion-symmetrybroken two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs).On the other hand,anisotropic nonlinear optical processes are important for unique applications in nano-nonlinear photonic devices with polarization functions,having become one of focused research topics in the field of nonlinear ***,the strong nonlinearity and strong optical anisotropy do not exist simultaneously in common 2D ***,we demonstrate strong secondorder and third-order susceptibilities of 64 pm/V and 6.2×10^(-19)m^(2)/V^(2),respectively,in the even-layer PdPSe,which has not been discovered in other common TMDCs(e.g.,MoS2).Strikingly,it also simultaneously exhibited strong SHG anisotropy with an anisotropic ratio of~45,which is the largest reported among all 2D materials to date,to the best of our *** addition,the SHG anisotropy ratio can be harnessed from 0.12 to 45(375 times)by varying the excitation wavelength due to the dispersion ofχ^(2)*** an illustrative example,we further demonstrate polarized SHG imaging for potential applications in crystal orientation identification and polarization-dependent spatial *** findings in 2D PdPSe are promising for nonlinear nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications.

关键词： materials. anisotropy nonlinear

“赞米亚”学说的旨趣与谬误--一种学术史的考察

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西北民族研究 2024年第3期 5-19页

作者：杨须爱王果中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院北京100081

“赞米亚”是申德尔为研究跨区域山地社会历史而首创的学术概念。斯科特借用这一概念,但将其内涵引申为“逃避统治的非国家空间”,进而将这一概念建构成具有方法论意义、分析国家边缘空间社会历史的学说,遂在学界扩散开来。文章在追溯... 详细信息

“赞米亚”是申德尔为研究跨区域山地社会历史而首创的学术概念。斯科特借用这一概念,但将其内涵引申为“逃避统治的非国家空间”,进而将这一概念建构成具有方法论意义、分析国家边缘空间社会历史的学说,遂在学界扩散开来。文章在追溯“赞米亚”概念、学说产生与传播过程的基础上,对东西方学界关于“赞米亚”学说是与非问题的讨论作了述评,着重对该学说的旨趣与谬误作了分析,进而剖析与反思了学界目前在“赞米亚”学术史研究中存在的主要问题。

关键词： “赞米亚”学说东南亚区域史研究学术史中华民族历史观

When debugging encounters artificial intelligence: state of the art and open challenges

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 42-84页

作者： Yi SONG Xiaoyuan XIE Baowen xu School of Computer Science Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Technology Nanjing University

Both software debugging and artificial intelligence techniques are hot topics in the current field of software engineering. Debugging techniques, which comprise fault localization and program repair, are an important part of the software development lifecycle for ensuring the quality of software systems. As the scale and complexity of software systems grow, developers intend to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of software debugging via artificial intelligence(artificial intelligence for software debugging, ai4SD). On the other hand, many artificial intelligence models are being integrated into safety-critical areas such as autonomous driving, image recognition, and audio processing, where software debugging is highly necessary and urgent(software debugging for artificial intelligence, SD4ai). An ai-enhanced debugging technique could assist in debugging ai systems more effectively, and a more robust and reliable ai approach could further guarantee and support debugging techniques. Therefore, it is important to take ai4SD and SD4ai into consideration comprehensively. In this paper, we want to show readers the path, the trend, and the potential that these two directions interact with each other. We select and review a total of 165 papers in ai4SD and SD4ai for answering three research questions, and further analyze opportunities and challenges as well as suggest future directions of this cross-cutting area.

关键词： software debugging fault localization program repair artificial intelligence machine learning

Individualized vaginal applicator for stage IIb primary vaginal adenocarcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第8期15卷 1102-1109页

作者： Saijilafu Yan-Jun Gu ai-Wu Huang Chang-Fen xu Li-Wen Qian Hangzhou Lin'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated HospitalHangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 311300Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Radiation Oncology Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalHangzhou 310016Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Hangzhou Lin'an Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalAffiliated HospitalHangzhou City UniversityHangzhou 311300Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Primary vaginal cancer is rare and most vaginal tumors are metastatic,often arising from adjacent gynecologic *** vaginal cancers are also more common among postmenopausal women and most of these are squamous cell carcinomas,with adenocarcinomas being relatively *** bleeding is the most common clinical manifestation of vaginal *** 70%of vaginal adenocarcinomas are stage I lesions at the time of diagnosis,for which radical surgery is ***,more advanced vaginal cancers are not amenable to radical surgical treatment and have poor clinical *** treatments modes are still being ***,we report a rare case of stage IIb primary vaginal adenocarcinoma for which an individually designed vaginal applicator for after-loading radiotherapy was used to achieve good tumor *** SUMMARY A 62-year-old woman presented to our clinic after 3 months of abnormal postmenopausal vaginal *** examination,computed tomography(CT),and positron emission tomography-CT showed a large mass(about 5 cm)on the anterior vaginal *** biopsy confirmed adenocarcinoma of vaginal *** three cycles of carboplatin plus paclitaxel chemotherapy,the lesion partially *** patient then received external irradiation of 45 gray(gy)in 25 fractions,which further reduced the vaginal lesion,followed by after-loading radiotherapy of 30 gy in 5 fractions with an individually designed vaginal *** months later,magnetic resonance imaging showed a slight thickening CONCLUSION Primary vaginal adenocarcinoma is rare,and prognosis is poor in most vaginal cancers of locally advanced stages,which cannot be treated with radical *** tumor control can be achieved with an individualized vaginal applicator that allows administration of a higher radical dose to the tumor area while protecting normal tissues.

关键词： Primary vaginal adenocarcinoma After-loading radiotherapy Vaginal applicator Tumor control Case report

Leaching kinetics and permeability of polyethyleneimine added ammonium sulfate on weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1610-1619,I0008页

作者： Huifang Yang Aoyang Sha Zhengyan He Chenjie Wu Yuanlai xu Jingjing Hu Zhigao xu Ru'an Chi Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education School of Resources&Safety EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430073China Key Laboratory of Resources Conversion and Pollution Control of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission College of Resources and Environmental ScienceSouth-Central MinzuUniversityWuhan430074China

At present,in-situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WCE-DREOs) encounter with problems such as long leaching cycles,slow infiltration rate and low product *** order to solve the above problems,the conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)) was compounded with polymeric surfactant polyethyleneimine(PEI) to form a composite leaching *** effects of leaching temperature,PEI *** rate and pH on leaching kinetics and permeability of rare earths(RE) and aluminum(ai) in orebody were *** is found that with temperature increasing,the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for both RE and Al is shortened,the apparent activation energies of RE and ai are 14.79 and 13.45 kJ/mol,respectively,and the leaching processes are in accordance with the outer diffusion control,When the concentrations of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) and PEI in the composite leaching agent are 2.0 wt% and 0.4 wt%;the time required to reach leaching equilibrium for RE and ai is about 50% shorter than that using(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) alone,and the leaching efficiencies of RE are slightly higher than that of *** increasing the temperature and flow rate of the composite leaching agent can improve the leaching efficiencies of RE and Al,but pH has neglected effects on the leaching efficiencies of *** PEI concentrations below 0,4 wt%, the addition of PEI promotes the leaching of RE and *** column leaching studies of the WCE-DREO,the addition of 0.4 wt% PEI to the traditional leaching agent(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) has no impact on the leaching efficiencies of ***,it can significantly increase the infiltration rate of WCE-DREO,shortening the leaching time per 10 mL effluent from about 30 min for(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4) leaching system to 20 min for the composite leaching *** leaching time is shortened by one-third,and the leaching cost is reduced,which can provide theoretical guidance for the development and commercial implementa

关键词： Polyethyleneimine Kinetics Rare earths Permeability Activation energy

Intelligent pavement condition survey:Overview of current researches and practices

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第3期4卷 257-281页

作者： Allen A.Zhang Jing Shang Baoxian Li Bing Hui Hongren Gong Lin Li You Zhan Changfa ai Haoran Niu xu Chu Zilong Nie Zishuo Dong Anzheng He Hang Zhang Dingfeng Wang Yi Peng Yifan Wei Huixuan Cheng School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Transportation and Geomatics Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168China School of Highway Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China College of Transportation Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China College of Transportation Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China

Automated pavement condition survey is of critical importance to road network *** are three primary tasks involved in pavement condition surveys,namely data collection,data processing and condition *** intelligence(ai)has achieved many breakthroughs in almost every aspect of modern technology over the past decade,and undoubtedly offers a more robust approach to automated pavement condition *** article aims to provide a comprehensive review on data collection systems,data processing algorithms and condition evaluation methods proposed between 2010 and 2023 for intelligent pavement condition *** particular,the data collection system includes ai-driven hardware devices and automated pavement data collection *** ai-driven hardware devices including right-of-way(ROW)cameras,ground penetrating radar(GPR)devices,light detection and ranging(LiDAR)devices,and advanced laser imaging systems,*** different hardware components can be selectively mounted on a vehicle to simultaneously collect multimedia information about the *** addition,this article pays close attention to the application of artificial intelligence methods in detecting pavement distresses,measuring pavement roughness,identifying pavement rutting,analyzing skid resistance and evaluating structural strength of *** upon the analysis of a variety of the state-of-the-art artificial intelligence methodologies,remaining challenges and future needs with respect to intelligent pavement condition survey are discussed eventually.

关键词： Pavement condition survey Pavement data collection Artificial intelligence Machine learning Deep learning Pavement condition evaluation