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Optical Detection of Distal Lung Enzyme Activity in Human Inflammatory Lung Disease

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2021年第1期2卷 44-54页

作者： Alicia Megia-Fernandez Adam Marshall ahsan R.akram Bethany Mills Sunay V.Chankeshwara Emma Scholefield Amy Miele Bruce C.McGorum Chesney Michaels Nathan Knighton Tom Vercauteren Francois Lacombe Veronique Dentan Annya M.Bruce Joanne Mair Robert Hitchcock Nik Hirani Chris Haslett Mark Bradley Kevin Dhaliwal EaStCHEM The University of Edinburgh School of ChemistryJoseph Black BuildingWest Mains RoadEdinburghUK EH93FJ Translational Healthcare Technologies Group Centre for Inflammation ResearchQueen’s Medical Research InstituteUniversity of Edinburgh47 Little France CrescentEdinburgh BioQuarterEdinburghUK EH164TJ The Roslin Institute and Royal(Dick)School of Veterinary Studies University of EdinburghEaster BushMidlothianUK EH259RG Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Utah36 S Wasatch DrSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA School of Biomedical Engineering&Imaging Sciences King’s College LondonLondonUK SE17EH Mauna Kea Technologies 9Rue d’EnghienParisFrance 75010

Objective and Impact *** is a need to develop platforms delineating inflammatory biology of the distal human *** describe a platform technology approach to detect in situ enzyme activity and observe drug inhibition in the distal human lung using a combination of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)optical reporters,fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy(FCFM),and a bespoke delivery *** development of new therapeutic agents is hindered by the lack of in vivo in situ experimental methodologies that can rapidly evaluate the biological activity or drug-target engagement in *** optimised a novel highly quenched optical molecular reporter of enzyme activity(FIB One)and developed a translational pathway for in-human *** demonstrate the specificity for matrix metalloproteases(MMPs)2,9,and 13 and probe dequenching within physiological levels of MMPs and feasibility of imaging within whole lung models in preclinical ***,in a first-in-human exploratory experimental medicine study of patients with fibroproliferative lung disease,we demonstrate,through FCFM,the MMP activity in the alveolar space measured through FIB One fluorescence increase(with pharmacological inhibition).*** translational in situ approach enables a new methodology to demonstrate active drug target effects of the distal lung and consequently may inform therapeutic drug development pathways.

关键词： Lung lung specificity

Airship aerodynamic model estimation using unscented Kalman filter

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2020年第6期31卷 1318-1329页

作者： WASIM Muhammad ALI ahsan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila 47080Pakistan

An airship model is made-up of aerostatic,aerodynamic,dynamic,and propulsive forces and *** others,the computation of aerodynamic forces and torques is ***,wind tunnel experimentation and potential flow theory are used for their ***,the limitations of these methods pose difficulties in their accurate *** this work,an online estimation scheme based on unscented Kalman filter(UKF)is proposed for their *** proposed method introduces six auxiliary states for the complete aerodynamic *** uses an extended model and provides an estimate of a complete state vector along with auxiliary *** proposed method uses the minimum auxiliary state variables for the approximation of the complete aerodynamic model that makes it computationally less *** estimation performance is evaluated by developing a nonlinear simulation environment for University of Engineering and Technology,Taxila(UETT)*** performance is vali􀅫dated by performing the error analysis based on estimation error and 2-σ uncertainty *** the same problem,the extended Kalman filter(EKF)is also implemented and its results are compared with *** simulation results show that UKF successfully estimates the forces and torques due to the aerodynamic model with small estimation error and the comparative analysis with EKF shows that UKF improves the estimation re􀅫sults and also it is more suitable for the under-consideration problem.

关键词： airship unscented Kalman filter(UKF) extend Kalman filter(EKF) state estimation aerodynamic model estimation

PP-Rings of Generalized Power Series

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2000年第4期16卷 573-578页

作者： Javed ahsan Department of Mathematical Sciences. King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. Dhahran 31261. Saudi Arabia

As a generalization of power series rings, Ribenboim introduced the notion of the rings of generalized power series. Let R be a commutative ring, and （S.≤） a strictly totally ordered monoid. We prove that （1） the ring [[R(S.≤]] of generalized power series is a PP-ring if and only if R is a PP-ring and every S-indexed subset C of B（R）（the set of all idempotents of R） has a least upper bound in B（R）. and （2） if （S. ≤） also satisfies the condition that 0≤s for any s∈S, then the ring [[R(S.≤]] is weakly PP if and only if R is weakly PP.

关键词： Ring of generalized power series PP-ring Weakly PP-ring

Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) Modeling of Heat Transfer in a Polymeric Membrane using Finite Volume Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第6期25卷 564-570页

作者： Muhammad ahsan Arshad Hussain School of Chemical and Materials Engineering(SCME) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)

The efficiency,robustness and reliability of recent numerical methods for finding solutions to flow problems have given rise to the implementation of computational fluid dynamics(CFD) as a broadly used analysis method for engineering problems like membrane separation *** CFD modeling in this study observes steady and unsteady(transient) heat flux and temperature profiles in a polymeric(cellulose acetate) *** study is novel due to the implementation of user defined scalar(UDS) diffusion equation by using user-defined functions(UDFs) infinite volume method(FVM).Some details of the FVM used by the solver are carefully discussed when implementing terms in the governing equation and boundary conditions(BC).The contours of temperature due to high-temperature gradient are reported for steady and unsteady problems.

关键词： unsteady solver scalar polymeric Membrane robustness governing carefully details discretization

Tall Buildings with Dynamic Facade Under Winds

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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 1443-1453页

作者： Fei Ding ahsan Kareem NatHaz Modeling Laboratory University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA

Burgeoning growth of tall buildings in urban areas around the world is placing new demands on their performance under *** involves selection of the building form that minimizes wind loads and structural topologies that efficiently transfer *** practice is to search for optimal shapes,but this limits buildings with static or fixed *** shape tailoring that consists of modifying the external form of the building has shown great promise in reducing wind loads and associated structural motions as reflected in the design of Taipei 101 and Burj *** these buildings,corner modifications of the cross-section and tapering along the height are *** appealing alternative is to design a building that can adapt its form to the changing complex wind environment in urban areas with clusters of tall buildings,i.e.,by implementing a dynamic *** leap beyond the static shape optimization,autonomous dynamic morphing of the building shape is advanced in this study,which is implemented through a cyber–physical system that fuses together sensing,computing,actuating,and engineering *** approach will permit a building to intelligently morph its profile to minimize the source of dynamic wind load excitation,and holds the promise of revolutionizing tall buildings from conventional static to dynamic facades by taking advantage of the burgeoning advances in computational design.

关键词： Tall buildings Aerodynamic shape tailoring Autonomous morphing Cyber-physical system Computational design Surrogate modeling Machine learning

Ordering and disordering of in situ grown MgAl-layered double hydroxide and its effect on the structural and corrosion resistance properties

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2019年第12期26卷 1570-1577页

作者： Muhammad ahsan Iqbal Michele Fedel Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento

A MgAl-layered double hydroxide(MgAl-LDH)protective film was developed on AA6082 substrates via the in situ hydrothermal growth method to obtain a distinct cauliflower-like LDH structure,and coated substrates were further heat-treated in air at temperatures from 100 to 250℃ to further improve the corrosion resistance of MgAl-LDH by taking advantage of the LDH memory effect;also,the effect of calcination on MgAl-LDH structural stability and the corresponding corrosion resistance properties were *** structural characterization of uncalcined and calcined LDH films were examined using scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetric analysis,differential scanning calorimetry,and Fourier transform infrared *** corresponding corrosion protection efficiency of the developed coating was studied through potentiodynamic polarization experiments and by electrochemical impedance *** with uncalcined MgAl-LDH,the calcined film showed a relatively lower corrosion current density and a higher impedance value,especially after heat treatment at 250℃.The findings demonstrate that calcination strongly affects the oriented growth of the LDH and causes an increase in the surface area and contraction of the basal spacing,which in turn caused a compact structure that substantially influenced the LDH corrosion resistance properties.

关键词： layered double hydroxide calcination in situ growth thin films corrosion protection

Facile synthesis of ironenickelecobalt ternary oxide(FNCO)mesoporous nanowires as electrode material for supercapacitor application

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第1期8卷 221-228页

作者： Muhammad Usman Muhammad Tayyab ahsan Sofia Javed Zeeshan Ali Yiqiang Zhan Irfan Ahmed Sajid Butt Mohammad Islam Asif Mahmood M.Aftab akram School of Chemical and Materials Engineering National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Sector H-12Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringPeking University100871BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System Center of Micro-Nano SystemSISTFudan UniversityShanghai200433China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan New Mexcico Institute of Mining&Technology SocorroNM 87801USA School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney2006SydneyAustralia

Transition Metal Oxides have drawn significant attention due to their reversible chemical redox reaction and long-life *** agglomeration and shrinkage/expansion of transition metal oxides in the nanosize regime have a noticeable effect on their electrochemical *** in this work,mesoporous nanowires(NWs)with a typical composition of iron-nickel-cobalt ternary oxide(FNCO)are synthesized using a simple,facile and cost-effective hydrothermal process followed by furnace *** NWs are then extensively investigated as an electrode material for supercapacitor *** compare the electrochemical properties,nanowires of nickel-cobalt oxide(NCO),iron-cobalt oxide(FCO)and cobalt oxide(CO)were also produced by following the same *** FNCO NWs are found to overcome the shortcomings in the electrochemical energy storage devices by exhibiting higher values of specific capacitance(2197 Fg^(-1))and energy density(109 Whkg^(-1))at 1 Ag^(-1) current ***,the FNCO NWs also showed a cyclic charge/discharge stability of 96%even up to 20,000 ***,a FNCO//graphene asymmetric device,fabricated with FNCO NWs and graphene as positive and negative electrodes,respectively,which exhibit high energy density(47 Whkg^(-1)),power density(375 Wkg^(-1))and excellent capacitance retention(86%)after 15,000 cycles.

关键词： Electrochemistry Hydrothermal synthesis Nanowires Supercapacitor Transition metal oxides

Can Strategies to Cope with Hazard Shocks be Explained by At-Risk Households' Socioeconomic Asset Profile? Evidence from Tropical Cyclon-Prone Coastal Bangladesh

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第1期8卷 46-63页

作者： Md.Nasif ahsan Economics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna-9208Bangladesh

This article documents the results of an empirical investigation on the complex interplay between diverse coping mechanisms and the socioeconomic asset profiles of coastal households at risk. Focusing on household-level perceptions and responses to cyclone hazards, a case study was carried out in a poor area in Bangladesh that is prone to natural hazards. We developed and tested our own analytical models based on the asset approach. We conducted a face-to-face household survey in southwestern coastal Bangladesh, in the Koyra sub-district, in late *** asked 360 households affected by the May 2009 tropical Cyclone Aila about their hazard perceptions, preparedness, coping practices, and socioeconomic assets. The results suggest that the majority of households at risk perceive an increasing trend of different climate hazards,with a distinct dominance of tropical cyclones, storm surges, and flash floods in the study area, which resulted in a yearly average economic damage of USD 144 for each household in the first year after Aila. However, such damage is significantly and inversely correlated with the number of adopted coping practices. Significant and systematic differences exist between upstream and downstream households in the study area with respect to hazard perception, hazard induced damages, asset accessibility,and adopted diversified coping practices. The empirical findings suggest that the degree of adoption of coping practices depends primarily on elements of socioeconomic asset profile and the duration of the consequences of cyclone hazards. Disaster preparedness training seems to improve at-risk households' degree of information access and eventually leads them to adopt more coping practices to reduce adverse impacts of climate hazards. Area-specific practical modules on coping practices should be incorporated in curricula of disaster preparedness training to make people at risk more resilient to hazard shocks.

关键词： Climatic hazard risk Coastal Bangladesh Coping mechanism Cyclone Aila

Ionotropic receptors mediate olfactory learning and memory in Drosophila

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1249-1269页

作者： Md Zeeshan Ali Anushree Aarif ahsan Mohammad Shamsul Ola Rizwanul Haque Jawaid ahsan Department of Biotechnology Central University of South BiharGayaBiharIndia Department of Radiation Oncology University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Department of Biochemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

Phenylacetaldehyde(PAH),an aromatic compound,is present in a diverse range of fruits including overripe bananas and prickly pear cactus,the two major host fruits for Drosophila *** acts as a potent ligand for the ionotropic receptor 84a(IR84a)in the adult fruit fly and it is detected by the IR84a/IR8a heterotetrameric *** role in the male courtship behavior through IR84a as an environmental aphrodisiac is of additional *** ***,two distinct kinds of olfactory receptors,that is,odorant receptors(ORs)and ionotropic receptors(IRs),perceive the odorant *** display unique structural,molecular,and functional characteristics in addition to having different evolutionary ***,olfactory cues detected by the ORs such as ethyl acetate,1-butanol,isoamyl acetate,1-octanol,4-methylcyclohexanol,*** as aliphatic esters and alcohols have been employed in olfactory classical conditioning using fruit *** underlines the participation of OR-activated olfactory pathways in learning and memory *** study elucidates that likewise ethyl acetate(EA)(an OR-responsive odorant),PAH(an IR-responsive aromatic compound)too can form learning and memory when associated with an appetitive gustatory *** association of PAH with sucrose(PAH/SUC)led to learning and formation of the long-term memory(LTM).Additionally,the Orco^(1),Ir84a^(MI00501),and Ir8a^(1)mutant flies were used to confirm the exclusive participation of the IR84a/IR8a complex in PAH/SUC olfactory associative *** results highlight the involvement of IRs via an IR-activated pathway in facilitating robust olfactory behavior.

关键词： appetitive conditioning Drosophila melanogaster ethyl acetate ionotropic receptors learning and memory phenylacetaldehyde