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insights into the anorexic mechanism of Khat:an integrated in vivo,ex vivo,and in silico investigations

Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第10期9卷 36-51页

作者： ahmed ali Jerah Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha Abdullah Farasani Sivakumar Sivagurunathan Moni Emad Sayed Shaheen Andleeb Khan i.rahi. Abdo Khardali Magbool Oraiby heyam Mohamed ali Sidahmed Siddig i.rahi. Abdelwahab Department of Medical Laboratory Technology College of Applied Medical SciencesJazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia health Research Centre Jazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutics College of PharmacyJazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceIntegral UniversityLucknow 226026India Poison Control and Medical Forensic Chemistry Center General Directorate of Health AffairsJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyAl-Neelain UniversityKhartoum 16458Sudan

Background:Chewing Khat(Catha edulis)releases cathine and cathinone,which may reduce appetite via an unknown *** study investigated the peripheral and central effects of fresh leaves and buds of Catha edulis water extract(CEWE)on appetite biomarkers,gene expression,and body weight,using in vivo,ex vivo,and in silico ***:Rats of both sexes were orally administered CEWE at different doses and durations in three different *** chromatography-mass spectroscopy(LC-MS)-MS was used to detect cathinone and cathine in the murine *** effect of Khat on serotonin receptors was studied in isolated rat fundus *** of the two Khat ligands was performed on G(The 5-hydroxytryptamine-type 2C receptor(5-hT2C)in an agonist-bound active conformation)and h(5-hT2C in an antagonist-bound inactive conformation)proteins to determine which ligands are most likely to act as agonists or ***:Significant differences(Pin body weight were observed between the CEWE-treated groups and the controls over eight ***,the plasma leptin and ghrelin levels did not change significantly(P>0.05).The expression of the ghrelin and leptin genes was also unaffected,but the expression of the 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-hT)gene decreased(Pith CEWE *** antagonizes 5-hT receptors in isolated rat fundus *** findings indicated that the khat ligands bound to 5-hT2C *** and cathinone levels in rat plasma were ***:Khat extract may suppress appetite by antagonizing the 5-hT *** research is required to understand its mechanism and potential applications.

关键词： Catha edulis appetite leptin ghrelin 5-hydroxytryptamine molecular docking

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Enhancing cotton resilience to challenging climates through genetic modifications

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 196-206页

作者： ahmed ali ijaz KhAN Azeem iqbal NEGM Mohamed A.M. iQBal Rida AZhAR Muhammad Tehseen KhAN Sultan habibullah RANA iqrar Ahmad Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Cotton Research institute-Giza GizaEgypt Centre for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security University of AgricultureFaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of AgricultureFaisalabadFaisalabad 38000Pakistan School of Agriculture Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China

Cotton is one of the most important fiber crops that plays a vital role in the textile *** production has been unstable over the years due to climate change induced biotic stresses such as insects,diseases,and weeds,as well as abiotic stresses including drought,salinity,heat,and *** breeding methods have been used to breed climate resilient cotton,but it requires a considerable amount of time to enhance crop tolerance to insect pests and changing climatic conditions.A promising strategy for improving tolerance against these stresses is genetic *** review article discusses the role of genetic engineering in cotton *** essential concepts and techniques include genome editing via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRiSPR)/CRiSPR-associated protein 9(CRiSPR-Cas9),overexpression of target genes,downregulation using RNA interference(RNAi),and virus-induced gene silencing(ViGS).Notably,the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation has made significant contributions to using these techniques for obtaining stable transgenic plants.

关键词： Cotton Genome editing Drought Salinity heat

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Real-Time Prediction of Urban Traffic Problems Based on Artificial intelligence-Enhanced Mobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETS)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1903-1923页

作者： ahmed alhussen Arshiya S.Ansari Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Traffic in today’s cities is a serious problem that increases travel times,negatively affects the environment,and drains financial *** study presents an Artificial intelligence(Ai)augmentedMobile Ad hoc Networks(MANETs)based real-time prediction paradigm for urban traffic *** are wireless networks that are based on mobile devices and may *** distributed nature of MANETs and the power of Ai approaches are leveraged in this framework to provide reliable and timely traffic congestion *** study suggests a unique Chaotic Spatial Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Network(CSFPNN)technique to assess real-time data acquired from various sources within *** framework uses the proposed approach to learn from the data and create predictionmodels to detect possible traffic problems and their severity in real ***-time traffic prediction allows for proactive actions like resource allocation,dynamic route advice,and traffic signal optimization to reduce *** framework supports effective decision-making,decreases travel time,lowers fuel use,and enhances overall urban mobility by giving timely information to pedestrians,drivers,and urban *** simulations and real-world datasets are used to test the proposed framework’s prediction accuracy,responsiveness,and *** results show that the suggested framework successfully anticipates urban traffic issues in real-time,enables proactive traffic management,and aids in creating smarter,more sustainable cities.

关键词： Mobile AdhocNetworks(MANET) urban traffic prediction artificial intelligence(Ai) traffic congestion chaotic spatial fuzzy polynomial neural network(CSFPNN)

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Decoding Retinoblastoma: Differential Gene Expression

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international Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 177-196页

作者： ahmed Jasim Mahmood al-Mashhadani Franko Shehaj Lianhong Zhou Department of Ophthalmology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Background: Retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular pediatric cancer, presents complexities in its genetic landscape that necessitate a deeper understanding for improved therapeutic interventions. This study leverages computational tools to dissect the differential gene expression profiles in retinoblastoma. Methods: Employing an in silico approach, we analyzed gene expression data from public repositories by applying rigorous statistical models, including limma and de seq 2, for identifying differentially expressed genes DEGs. Our findings were validated through cross-referencing with independent datasets and existing literature. We further employed functional annotation and pathway analysis to elucidate the biological significance of these DEGs. Results: Our computational analysis confirmed the dysregulation of key retinoblastoma-associated genes. in comparison to normal retinal tissue, RB1 exhibited a 2.5-fold increase in expression (adjusted p Conclusions: Our analysis reinforces the critical genetic alterations known in retinoblastoma and unveils new avenues for research into the disease’s molecular basis. The discovery of chemoresistance markers and immune-related genes opens potential pathways for personalized treatment strategies. The study’s outcomes emphasize the power of in silico analyses in unraveling complex cancer genomics.

关键词： Retinoblastoma Gene Expression in Silico Study Differentially Expressed Genes Chemoresistance immune Response Computational Biology

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Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and other respiratory pathogens in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 92-96页

作者： Wei Li Bing-han Wang Bao-hai Chen Yi Sun Lin Li Wen-Qing Xiang ahmed Faisal ali Lin-Xuan Su hai-Yan Mao hong-Qiang Shen Qiang Shu Department of Clinical Laboratory Children's HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina School of Public health Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of information Center Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HangzhouChina Department of Thoracic&Cardiovascular Surgery Children's HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COViD-19),the entire world has been affected by the epidemic[1,2].On November 9,2021,a variant of the novel coronavirus B.1.1.529 was detected for the first time from case samples in South *** Omicron strain spread and mutated significantly *** variant has the characteristics of escape immunity,which can induce relatively extreme disease and reduce the neutralization of antibodies in vaccinators,and is more likely to be reinfected[3,4].The clinical presentation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)in children has mild symptoms and a lower risk of hospitalization and death.

关键词： respiratory immunity acute

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Utilizing N-hydroxy-9-octadecenamide as a collector in flotation separation of bastnaesite and fluorite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1620-1628,I0008页

作者： Zhihao Guo Sultan ahmed Khoso Mengjie Tian Wei Sun School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Beijing102600China hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan430081China Key Laboratoryof hunan Province for Cleanand Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Department of Mining Engineering Mehran University of Engineering&TechnologyJamshoro76062Pakistan

Bastnaesite((Ce,La,Pr,Nd)CO_(3)F) is a significant light rare earth mineral found in nature,known for its fine-grained *** is commonly employed for the recovery of fine-grained bastnaesite *** serve as an essential flotation reagent that enhance the surface hydrophobicity of target minerals.A novel collector,N-hydroxy-9-octadecenamide(N-Oh-9-ODA),was synthesised in this study.N-Oh-9-ODA exhibits superior selectivity compared to the traditional collector oleic acid in the flotation separation of bastnaesite and *** experimental and co mputational results indicate that N-Oh-9-ODA exhibits superior selectivity due to its higher adsorption affinity for bastnaesite surface compared to fluorite *** zeta potential and the binding energies of the Ce 3d peaks in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum(XPS) of bastnaesite surface exhibit significant ***,fluorite surface demonstrates minimal alterations in its zeta potential and the binding energies of the Ca 2p peaks in its XPS after its interaction with N-Oh-9-ODA.

关键词： Bastnaesite Collector hydroxamic acids N-hydroxy-9-octadecenamide Oleic acid Rare earths

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Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry-characterized extract of Aerides odorata Lour alleviates paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in animal model evidenced by biochemical,molecular,and computational studies

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 497-522页

作者： A.M.Abu ahmed Md.Atiar Rahman Farjana Sharmen A.S.M.ali Reza Md.Shahidul islam Md.Mamunur Rashid Md.Khalid Juhani Rafi Tanvir ahmed Siddiqui Md.Muzahid ahmed Ezaj Srabonti Saha Md.Nazim Uddin Walla alelwani Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology University of ChittagongChittagongBangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of ChittagongChittagongBangladesh Department of Pharmacy International Islami University ChittagongChittagongBangladesh institute of Food Science and Technology Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchDhakaBangladesh Department of Biochemistry College of ScienceUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia

Background:Many kinds of orchids have significant health benefits although ade-quate research on their biological functions is yet to be carried *** study inves-tigated the paracetamol-induced liver damage-protecting effect of epiphytic Aerides odorata methanol extract(AODE).Methods:The protective effects of AODE were studied by analyzing its effect on liver function parameters,messenger RNA(mRNA)expression,and tissue histopatho-logical *** results were confirmed by ligand-receptor interaction of molecular docking and multitarget interaction of network pharmacological ***:AODE significantly(pinimized the dose-dependent increase in acid phosphatase,aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,alkaline phos-phatase,γ-glutamyl transferase,lactate dehydrogenase,and total bilirubin compared to the reference drug *** level decreased,and the antioxidant genes catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),β-actin,paraoxonase-1(PON1),and phosphofructokinase-1(PFK-1)were upregulated in AODE-treated paracetamol-intoxicated rats.A total of 376 compounds comprising phenols and flavonoids were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry(UPLC-qTOF-MS).The online toxicity assessment using SwissADME and admetSAR exhibited drug-like,nontoxic,and potential pharmaco-logical ***,in silico analysis showed that isoacteoside,one of the identified compounds,exhibited the best docking score(−11.42)with the liver pro-tein human pituitary adenylate cyclase-1(Protein Data Bank iD:3N94).Furthermore,network pharmacology analysis identified the top 10 hub genes,namely AKT1(protein kinase B),CTNNB1(catenin beta-1),SRC(proto-oncogene c-Src),TNF(tumor necrosis factor),EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor),hSP90AA1(heat shock protein 90α),MAPK3(mitogen-activated protein kinase 3),STAT3(signal transducer and activator of transcription 3),CASP3(caspase protein),

关键词： Aerides odorata animal model mRNA expression PCM-induced hepatotoxicity UPLC-qTOF-MS

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Blockchain for secure and decentralized artificial intelligence in cybersecurity: A comprehensive review

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2024年第3期5卷 184-208页

作者： ahmed M.Shamsan Saleh Department of information Technology University of TabukTabuk47512Saudi Arabia

As the use of artificial intelligence (Ai) grows within the field of cybersecurity, so does the demand for secure and decentralized Ai systems to protect against potential cyber threats. Blockchain technology has emerged as the ideal approach for increasing both the security and privacy of Ai systems since it provides decentralized and immutable data storage. This systematic literature review focuses on the integration of blockchain technology with decentralized Ai within cybersecurity. it provides a comprehensive taxonomy of blockchain technology and decentralized Ai for cybersecurity, serving as the starting point for the study. This paper begins with an overview of blockchain technology and its possible uses in cybersecurity and also analyzes its challenges and opportunities. Decentralized Ai is also covered in the study, along with its potential advantages and difficulties in decentralized Ai cybersecurity. Building on that foundation, this study provides convincing findings highlighting the beneficial relationships between blockchain technology and decentralized Ai for cybersecurity, contributing to a nuanced comprehension of their integration. Moreover, it offers real-world uses of blockchain-enabled, decentralized Ai to discuss its usefulness in tackling cybersecurity concerns. Finally, this paper discusses future research directions for blockchain-enabled decentralized Ai in cybersecurity, including potential applications and implications of this technology in the field, emphasizing the potential of blockchain-enabled decentralized Ai in cybersecurity to enhance security, privacy, and trust in Ai systems.

关键词： Blockchain Artificial intelligence Decentralized Cybersecurity

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high-Performance Flow Classification of Big Data Using hybrid CPU-GPU Clusters of Cloud Environments

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1118-1137页

作者： Azam Fazel-Najafabadi Mahdi Abbasi hani h.Attar Ayman Amer Amir Taherkordi Azad Shokrollahi Mohammad R.Khosravi ahmed A.Solyman Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringBu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedan ***Iran Department of Energy Engineering Zarqa UniversityZarqa 13132Jordan Department of informatics University of OsloOslo 0316Norway Department of Computer Science MalmöUniversityMalmö20506Sweden Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 261100China Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering NişantaşıUniversityIstanbul 34481742Türkiye

The network switches in the data plane of Software Defined Networking (SDN) are empowered by an elementary process, in which enormous number of packets which resemble big volumes of data are classified into specific flows by matching them against a set of dynamic rules. This basic process accelerates the processing of data, so that instead of processing singular packets repeatedly, corresponding actions are performed on corresponding flows of packets. in this paper, first, we address limitations on a typical packet classification algorithm like Tuple Space Search (TSS). Then, we present a set of different scenarios to parallelize it on different parallel processing platforms, including Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), clusters of Central Processing Units (CPUs), and hybrid clusters. Experimental results show that the hybrid cluster provides the best platform for parallelizing packet classification algorithms, which promises the average throughput rate of 4.2 Million packets per second (Mpps). That is, the hybrid cluster produced by the integration of Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA), Message Passing interface (MPi), and OpenMP programming model could classify 0.24 million packets per second more than the GPU cluster scheme. Such a packet classifier satisfies the required processing speed in the programmable network systems that would be used to communicate big medical data.

关键词： OpenMP Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA) Message Passing interface(MPi) packet classification medical data tuple space algorithm Graphics Processing Unit(GPU)cluster

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Enhancing indoor User Localization:An Adaptive Bayesian Approach for Multi-Floor Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1889-1905页

作者： Abdulraqeb alhammadi Zaid ahmed Shamsan Arijit De Center for Artificial intelligence and Robotics(CAiRO) Malaysia-Japan International Institute of TechnologyUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur54100Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia Department of information Engineering Electronics and TelecommunicationsSapienza UniversityRome00185Italy

indoor localization systems are crucial in addressing the limitations of traditional global positioning system(GPS)in indoor environments due to signal attenuation *** complex indoor spaces become more sophisticated,indoor localization systems become essential for improving user experience,safety,and operational *** localization methods based on Wi-Fi fingerprints require a high-density location fingerprint database,but this can increase the computational burden in the online *** networks,which integrate prior knowledge or domain expertise,are an effective solution for accurately determining indoor user *** networks use probabilistic reasoning to model relationships among various localization parameters for indoor environments that are challenging to *** article proposes an adaptive Bayesian model for multi-floor environments based on fingerprinting techniques to minimize errors in estimating user *** proposed system is an off-the-shelf solution that uses existing Wi-Fi infrastructures to estimate user’s *** operates in both online and offline *** the offline phase,a mobile device with Wi-Fi capability collects radio signals,while in the online phase,generating samples using Gibbs sampling based on the proposed Bayesian model and radio map to predict user’s *** results unequivocally showcase the superior performance of the proposed model when compared to other existing models and *** proposed model achieved an impressive lower average localization error,surpassing the accuracy of competing ***,this noteworthy achievement was attained with minimal reliance on reference points,underscoring the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed model in accurately estimating user locations in indoor environments.

关键词： Localization positioning Bayesian fingerprinting received signal strength(RSS)

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