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Prevalence and Correlates of Prediabetes and Diabetes Results-I: A Screening Plan in a Selected Military Community in Central Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2017年第1期7卷 12-30页

作者： Raouf M. Afifi Ashraf E. Saad ahmed al shehri Community Health Research Institute International Management-Health Services Indianapolis IN USA Community Medicine Program Armed Forces Hospitals Taif KSA Preventive Medicine Department Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA Family Medicine Department Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease of a genetic and environmental background. If it is not diagnosed and controlled early, it can have devastating complications. Aim: Measure and analyze the prevalence and risks of prediabetes and diabetes among recruits enlisted in the Wadi al-Dawasir (WD) military zone, central Saudi Arabia. The influence of some demographic criteria, weight, and blood pressure upon blood glucose level would be evaluated. Methods: A cross sectional design was utilized, whereas predesigned questionnaire and clinical interview were used to screen the study population. Results: The participants’ median age was 33.7 (IQR 11.9), mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2. Out of 531 recruits screened, almost two-thirds were either overweight (34.7%) or obese (29.9%). The mean waist circumference (WC) was 94.7 ± 13.3 cm;and 27.9% had central obesity (WC ≥102 cm). Random plasma glucose (RPG) median accounted 106 mg/dl (IQR 21). The participants’ RPG levels significantly increased by age (U = 19697.0), by BMI [H(df 5) = 59.6], and by WC (U = 25,670.5), (p rho(df 503) = 0.241, p U 3515, p 25 to ≥40 kg/m2) more than normal subjects [46 (87%) vs. 5 (0.9%)], [χ2(df 5) = 18.8, p Conclusions: Prediabetes and uncontrolled diabetes are relatively prevalent among Saudi recruits’ community. An insufficient influence of obesity for developing diabetes symptoms in the study population may well be attributed to time factor separating the two variables. A preventive approach to revert the predisposition of prediabetes in WD recruits population is quite promising.

关键词： Pre-Diabetes Diabetes Wadi al-Dawasir Saudi Arabia

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Appropriate Combination of Crossover Operator and Mutation Operator in Genetic algorithms for the Travelling Salesman Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2399-2425页

作者： Zakir Hussain ahmed Habibollah Haron Abdullah al-Tameem Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia College of Computer and Information Sciences Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Genetic algorithms(GAs)are very good metaheuristic algorithms that are suitable for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization *** a set of solutions represented by a population of chromosomes and then uses the idea of survival of the fittest in the selection process to select some fitter *** uses a crossover operator to create better offspring chromosomes and thus,converges the ***,it uses a mutation operator to explore the unexplored areas by the crossover operator,and thus,diversifies the GA search space.A combination of crossover and mutation operators makes the GA search strong enough to reach the optimal ***,appropriate selection and combination of crossover operator and mutation operator can lead to a very good GA for solving an optimization *** this present paper,we aim to study the benchmark traveling salesman problem(TSP).We developed several genetic algorithms using seven crossover operators and six mutation operators for the TSP and then compared them to some benchmark TSPLIB *** experimental studies show the effectiveness of the combination of a comprehensive sequential constructive crossover operator and insertion mutation operator for the *** GA using the comprehensive sequential constructive crossover with insertion mutation could find average solutions whose average percentage of excesses from the best-known solutions are between 0.22 and 14.94 for our experimented problem instances.

关键词： Travelling salesman problem genetic algorithms crossover operator mutation operator comprehensive sequential constructive crossover insertion mutation

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Macrophage modulation with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors:A new frontier for treating diabetic cardiomyopathy?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1847-1852页

作者： Saeed Mohammadi ahmed al-Harrasi Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center University of NizwaNizwa 616Oman Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry University of NizwaNizwa 616Oman

This editorial introduces the potential of targeting macrophage function for diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM)treatment by dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4)*** et al studied teneligliptin,a DPP-4 inhibitor used for diabetes management,and its potential cardioprotective effects in a diabetic mouse *** suggested teneligliptin administration may reverse established markers of DCM,including cardiac hypertrophy and compromised *** also inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome and reduced inflammatory cytokine production in diabetic *** play crucial roles in DCM *** hyperglycemia disturbs the balance between pro-inflammatory(M1)and antiinflammatory(M2)macrophages,favoring a pro-inflammatory state contributing to heart ***,we highlight the potential of DPP-4 inhibitors to modulate macrophage function and promote an anti-inflammatory *** compounds may achieve this by elevating glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and potentially inhibiting the NLRP3 *** studies on teneligliptin in combination with other therapies targeting different aspects of DCM could be suggested for developing more effective treatment strategies to improve cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.

关键词： Diabetic cardiomyopathy Macrophage Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor Teneligliptin NLRP3 inflammasome Glucagon-like peptide-1

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A Novel Layered Double Hydroxide and Dodecyl alcohol Assisted PCM Composite with High Latent Heat Storage Capacity and Thermal Conductivity

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 537-547页

作者： al-ahmed Amir SARI Ahmet KHAN Firoz al-RASHEIDI Masoud Hekimoğlu Gökhan AFZAal Mohammad A.alSULAMI ahmed DAFalLA Hatim SalHI Billel A.alSULAIMAN Fahad Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzon61080Turkey Maths and Natural Sciences Division Higher Colleges of TechnologyP.O.Box 7947SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Core Research Facilities King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Dodecyl alcohol(DDA) is a promising solid-liquid phase change material(PCM) due to its favorable latent heat storage(LHS) ***,the leakage issue of PCM in a melted state during the heating period and low thermal conductivity restricts its utilization potential in thermal energy storage(TES) *** the same context,the present work aims to overcome the leakage issue and improve the thermal conductivity of the *** this in mind,a novel leak-proof layered double hydroxide(LDH)/DDA composite PCM is proposed through a solution-based impregnation *** leak-proof impregnation ratio of the DDA impregnated within the cavities of the synthesized al/Fe-LDH was determined to be 60%.Detailed morphological,physicochemical,and thermal properties of the fabricated composite were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transforms infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD)spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermalgravimetric analysis(TGA),and thermal cycling *** results show that the LDH/DDA composite has a suitable phase change temperature(about 20℃) for passive solar thermal management of building *** composite PCM showed high LHS enthalpy(about136 J/g),good thermal stability,and cycling LHS *** also showed nearly 152% higher thermal conductivity compared to that of pure DDA,ultimately reducing the melting and solidification time of the pure DDA by 44.9% and 45.5%,respectively.

关键词： dodecyl alcohol layered double hydroxide composite PCM thermal conductivity thermal energy storage(TES)

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Interplay of serum biomarkers bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase in predicting cardiovascular complications in type-2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1074-1078页

作者： Ebtesam Abdullah al-Suhaimi Abdullah ahmed al-Rubaish Scientific Research and Innovation Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz and his Companions Foundation for Giftedness and Creativity“Mawhiba” Riyadh 11372Saudi Arabia College of Medicine Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 31441Saudi Arabia

This editorial synthesizes insights from a series of studies examining the interplay between metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers in cardiovascular disease(CVD),focusing particularly on type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and acute coronary syndrome(ACS).The central piece of this synthesis is a study that investigates the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant systems in the body through the analysis of serum bilirubin andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GGT)levels in T2DM patients with *** study highlights serum bilirubin as a protective antioxidant factor,while elevatedγ-GGT levels indicate increased oxidative stress and correlate with major adverse cardiovascular *** to this,other research contributions revealγ-GGT’s role as a risk factor in ACS,its association with cardiovascular mortality in broader populations,and its link to metabolic syndrome,further elucidating the metabolic dysregulation in *** collective findings from these studies underscore the critical roles ofγ-GGT and serum bilirubin in cardiovascular health,especially in the context of T2DM and *** providing a balanced view of the body’s oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms,these insights suggest potential pathways for targeted interventions and improved prognostic assessments in patients with T2DM and *** synthesis not only corroborates the pivotal role ofγ-GGT in cardiovascular pathology but also introduces the protective potential of antioxidants like bilirubin,illuminating the complex interplay between T2DM and heart *** studies collectively underscore the critical roles of serum bilirubin andγ-GGT as biomarkers in cardiovascular health,particularly in T2DM and ACS contexts,offering insights into the body’s oxidative and antioxidative *** synthesis of research supports the potential of these biomarkers in guiding therapeutic strategies and improving prognostic assessments for patients with T2DM and some CVD.

关键词： Type-2 diabetes mellitus Acute coronary syndrome Serum biomarkers γ-glutamyltranspeptidase Bilirubin Cardiovascular disease

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A Hybrid Classification and Identification of Pneumonia Using African Buffalo Optimization and CNN from Chest X-Ray Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2497-2517页

作者： Nasser alalwan ahmed I.Taloba Amr Abozeid ahmed Ibrahim alzahrani ali H.al-Bayatti Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Information System Department Faculty of Computers and InformationAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Cyber Technology Institute(CTI) De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

An illness known as pneumonia causes inflammation in the *** there is so much information available fromvarious X-ray images,diagnosing pneumonia has typically proven *** improve image quality and speed up the diagnosis of pneumonia,numerous approaches have been *** date,several methods have been employed to identify *** Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)has achieved outstanding success in identifying and diagnosing diseases in the fields of medicine and ***,these methods are complex,inefficient,and imprecise to analyze a big number of *** this paper,a new hybrid method for the automatic classification and identification of Pneumonia from chest X-ray images is *** proposed method(ABOCNN)utilized theAfrican BuffaloOptimization(ABO)algorithmto enhanceCNNperformance and *** Weinmed filter is employed for pre-processing to eliminate unwanted noises from chest X-ray images,followed by feature extraction using the Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix(GLCM)*** features are then selected from the dataset using the ABO algorithm,and ultimately,high-performance deep learning using the CNN approach is introduced for the classification and identification of *** results on various datasets showed that,when contrasted to other approaches,the ABO-CNN outperforms them all for the classification *** proposed method exhibits superior values like 96.95%,88%,86%,and 86%for accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively.

关键词： African buffalo optimization convolutional neural network pneumonia X-ray

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Numerical Treatments for Crossover Cancer Model of Hybrid Variable-Order Fractional Derivatives

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1619-1645页

作者： Nasser Sweilam Seham al-Mekhlafi Aya ahmed Ahoud alsheri Emad Abo-Eldahab Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of EducationSana’a UniversitySana’a1247Yemen Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceHelwan UniversityCairo11795Egypt Department of Mathematics College of ScienceUniversity of BishaAl Namas67398-5644Saudi Arabia

In this paper,two crossover hybrid variable-order derivatives of the cancer model are ***ünwald-Letnikov approximation is used to approximate the hybrid fractional and variable-order fractional *** existence,uniqueness,and stability of the proposed model are *** Bashfourth’s fifth-step method with a hybrid variable-order fractional operator is developed to study the proposed *** studies with generalized fifth-order Runge-Kutta method are *** examples and comparative studies to verify the applicability of the used methods and to demonstrate the simplicity of these approximations are *** have showcased the efficiency of the proposed method and garnered robust empirical support for our theoretical findings.

关键词： Cancer diseases hybrid variable-order fractional derivatives adams bashfourth fifth step generalized fifth order Runge-Kutta method

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Efficient ECG classification based on Chi-square distance for arrhythmia detection

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 1-15页

作者： Dhiah al-Shammary Mustafa Noaman Kadhim ahmed M.Mahdi Ayman Ibaida Khandakar ahmedb College of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Al-QadisiyahAl Diwaniyah58001Iraq Intelligent Technology Innovation Lab Victoria UniversityMelbourne3011Australia

This study introduces a new classifier tailored to address the limitations inherent in conventional classifiers such as K-nearest neighbor(KNN),random forest(RF),decision tree(DT),and support vector machine(SVM)for arrhythmia *** proposed classifier leverages the Chi-square distance as a primary metric,providing a specialized and original approach for precise arrhythmia *** optimize feature selection and refine the classifier’s performance,particle swarm optimization(PSO)is integrated with the Chi-square distance as a fitness *** synergistic integration enhances the classifier’s capabilities,resulting in a substantial improvement in accuracy for arrhythmia *** results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method,achieving a noteworthy accuracy rate of 98% with PSO,higher than 89% achieved without any previous *** classifier outperforms machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)techniques,underscoring its reliability and superiority in the realm of arrhythmia *** promising results render it an effective method to support both academic and medical communities,offering an advanced and precise solution for arrhythmia detection in electrocardiogram(ECG)data.

关键词： Arrhythmia classification Chi-square distance Electrocardiogram(ECG)signal Particle swarm optimization(PSO)

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A Hybrid and Lightweight Device-to-Server Authentication Technique for the Internet of Things

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3805-3823页

作者： Shaha al-Otaibi Rahim Khan Hashim ali Aftab ahmed Khan Amir Saeed Jehad ali Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan Department of Computer Science and IT UET PeshawarJalozai Campus PeshawarPeshawar24240Pakistan Department of AI Convergence Network Ajou UniversitySuwon16499South Korea

The Internet of Things(IoT)is a smart networking infrastructure of physical devices,i.e.,things,that are embedded with sensors,actuators,software,and other technologies,to connect and share data with the respective server *** IoTs are cornerstones in different application domains,the device’s authenticity,i.e.,of server(s)and ordinary devices,is the most crucial issue and must be resolved on a priority ***,various field-proven methodologies were presented to streamline the verification process of the communicating devices;however,location-aware authentication has not been reported as per our knowledge,which is a crucial metric,especially in scenarios where devices are *** paper presents a lightweight and location-aware device-to-server authentication technique where the device’s membership with the nearest server is subjected to its location information along with other ***,Media Access Control(MAC)address and Advance Encryption Scheme(AES)along with a secret shared key,i.e.,λ_(i) of 128 bits,have been utilized by Trusted Authority(TA)to generate MaskIDs,which are used instead of the original ID,for every device,i.e.,server and member,and are shared in the offline ***,TA shares a list of authentic devices,i.e.,server S_(j) and members C_(i),with every device in the IoT for the onward verification process,which is required to be executed before the initialization of the actual communication ***,every device should be located such that it lies within the coverage area of a server,and this location information is used in the authentication process.A thorough analytical analysis was carried out to check the susceptibility of the proposed and existing authentication approaches against well-known intruder attacks,i.e.,man-in-the-middle,masquerading,device,and server impersonations,etc.,especially in the IoT ***,proposed authentication and existing state-of-the-art approaches have been s

关键词： Internet of things authenticity security location communication

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Gut microbiota predicts the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis in Saudi children

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 118-124页

作者： Mohammad El Mouzan ahmed al Sarkhy Asaad Assiri Department of Pediatrics Gastroenterology UnitKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11461Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition with a worldwide *** the etiology of this disease is still unknown,the understanding of the role of the microbiota is becoming increasingly *** To investigate the predictive power of the gut microbiota for the diagnosis of UC in a cohort of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve Saudi children with *** The study population included 20 children with a confirmed diagnosis of UC and 20 healthy *** DNA was extracted and sequenced,and shotgun metagenomic analysis was performed for bacteria and *** and bioinformatics demonstrated significant dysbiosis in the form of reduced alpha diversity,beta diversity,and significant difference of abundance of taxa between children with UC and control *** receiver operating characteristic curve,a probability curve,was used to determine the difference between the UC and control *** area under the curve(AUC)represents the degree of separability between the UC group and the control *** AUC was calculated for all identified bacterial species and for bacterial species identified by the random forest classification algorithm as important potential biomarkers of UC.A similar method of AUC calculation for all bacteriophages and important species was *** The median age and range were 14(0.5-21)and 12.9(6.8-16.3)years for children with UC and controls,respectively,and 40%and 35%were male for children with UC and controls,*** AUC for all identified bacterial species was 89.5%.However,when using the bacterial species identified as important by random forest classification algorithm analysis, the accuracy increased to 97.6%. Similarly, the AUC for all theidentified bacteriophages was 87.4%, but this value increased to 94.5% when the important bacteriophagebiomarkers were *** very high to excellent AUCs of fecal bacterial and viral species sugge

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Microbiota Area under the curve Children Saudi Arabia

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