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Development of new lateral-flow immunochromatographic strip using colloidal gold and mesoporous silica nanoparticles for rapid diagnosis of active schistosomiasis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第8期9卷 315-322页

作者： Manal Kamel Faten Salah Zeinab Demerdash Sara Maher Shimaa Atta Abeer Badr ahmed afifi Hanan El Baz Immunology Department Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteKornish El Nil streetGizaEgypt Zoology Department Faculty of ScienceCairo University12613GizaEgypt

Objective: To develop a new sandwich based lateral flow immunochromatographic strip for rapid detection of circulating Schistosoma mansoni antigen in serum and urine samples of patients with active schistosomiasis. Methods: This lateral flow immunochromatographic strip was prepared by using anti-Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen monoclonal antibody conjugated gold nanoparticles (MAb-AuNPs) as antigen-detecting antibody, while crystalline material (MCM)-41-MAb bioconjugate was immobilized at the test line as antigen-capturing antibody. Both antigen capturing and detecting antibodies formed sandwich complexes with circulating Schistosoma mansoni antigen in the positive samples. Sandwich complexes immobilized at the test line gave distinct red color. The assay reliability was examined by using urine and serum samples of 60 Schistosoma mansoni infected patients, 20 patients infected with parasites other than Schistosoma, and 20 healthy individuals as negative controls. Results were compared with those obtained via sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The detection limit of circulating Schistosoma mansoni antigen by lateral flow immunochromatographic strip was lower (3 ng/mL) than the detection limit by ELISA (30 ng/mL). The sensitivity and specificity of lateral flow immunochromatographic strip in urine samples were 98.3% and 97.5%, respectively compared to 93.5% and 90.0% by ELISA. In serum samples, they were 100.0% and 97.5%, respectively compared to 97.0% and 95.0% by ELISA. The strip test took approximately 10 min to complete. Conclusions: This new lateral flow immunochromatographic strip offers a sensitive, rapid, and field applicable technique for diagnosis of active schistosomiasis.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Nanoparticles Immunochromatographic Monoclonal antibodies

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Intestinal protozoa and intestinal helminthic infections among schoolchildren in Central Sudan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第4期3卷 292-293页

作者： Abdel-aziz M.ahmed Azam A.afifi Elfatih M.Malik Ishag Adam University of Khartoum Sudan Preventive Medicine Federal Ministry of HealthSudan

Objective:To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and soil-transmitted helminths(STHs) among primary schoolchildren in El dhayga,Central ***:In this cross-sectional study,three fresh faecal samples were collected from each child,which were examined by direct wet mount,brine flotation,formalin-ether and Kato-Katz *** intensity of each STH infection was expressed as the mean of eggs per gram counts of the three ***:In total,142(90.4%) of 157 children harboured at least one type of intestinal *** lumbricoides,Hymenolepis nana,Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were the most common parasites found,with prevalence rates of 32.5%,30.6%,33.1%and 19.7%,*** of these 157 children,29(18.5%) harboured more than two intestinal parasitic *** cases of Schistosoma mansoni or Enterobius vermicularis were identified. Conclusions:The study demonstrates significant burden of intestinal protozoa and STH infections in this part of Sudan and highlights the need for preventive and intervention measures.

关键词： Schoolchildern Helminthes Intestinal Protozoa Sudan

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Improved Between-Satellite Single-Difference Precise Point Positioning Model Using Triple GNSS Constellations: GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou

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Positioning 2016年第2期7卷 63-74页

作者： Akram afifi ahmed El-Rabbany Department of Civil Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada

This paper introduces a new dual-frequency precise point positioning (PPP) model, which combines the observations of three different GNSS constellations, namely GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou. Our model is based on between-satellite single-difference (BSSD) linear combination, which cancels out some receiver-related biases, including receiver clock error and non-zero initial phase bias of the receiver oscillator. The reference satellite can be selected from any satellite system GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou when forming BSSD linear combinations. Natural Resources Canada’s GPS Pace PPP software is modified to enable a combined GPS, Galileo, and BeiDou PPP solution and to handle the newly introduced biases. A total of four data sets at four IGS stations are processed to verify the developed PPP model. Precise satellite orbit and clock products from the IGS-MGEX network are used to correct both of the GPS and Galileo measurements. It is shown that using the BSSD linear combinations improves the precision of the estimated parameters by about 25% compared with the GPS-only PPP solution. Additionally, the solution convergence time is reduced to 10 minutes for both BSSD scenarios, which represent about 50% improvement in comparison with the GPS-only PPP solution.

关键词： PPP BSSD GPS Galileo BeiDou

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An Improved Model for Single-Frequency GPS/GALILEO Precise Point Positioning

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Positioning 2015年第2期6卷 7-21页

作者： Akram afifi ahmed El-Rabbany Department of Civil Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada

This paper introduces a new precise point positioning (PPP) model, which combines single-fre- quency GPS/Galileo observations in between-satellite single-difference (BSSD) mode. In the absence of multipath, all receiver-related errors and biases are cancelled out when forming BSSD for a specific constellation. This leaves the satellite originating errors and atmospheric delays un- modelled. Combining GPS and Galileo observables introduces additional biases that have to be modelled, including the GPS to Galileo time offset (GGTO) and the inter-system bias. This paper models all PPP errors rigorously to improve the single-frequency GPS/Galileo PPP solution. GPSPace PPP software of Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is modified to enable a GPS/Galileo PPP solution and to handle the newly introduced biases. A total of 12 data sets representing the GPS/Galileo measurements of six IGS-MEGX stations are processed to verify the newly developed PPP model. Precise satellite orbit and clock corrections from IGS-MEGX networks are used for both GPS and Galileo measurements. It is shown that sub-decimeter level accuracy is possible with single-frequency GPS/Galileo PPP. In addition, the PPP solution convergence time is improved from approximately 100 minutes for the un-differenced single-frequency GPS/Galileo solution to approximately 65 minutes for the BSSD counterpart when a single reference satellite is used. Moreover, an improvement in the PPP solution convergence time of 35% and 15% is obtained when one and two reference satellites are used, respectively.

关键词： PPP GPS Galileo BSSD

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Opto-Video Encryption Based on Logistic Adjusted Sine map in FrFT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 3651-3663页

作者： Osama S.Faragallah Ashraf afifi Ibrahim F.Elashry Ensherah A.Naeem Heba M.El-Hoseny ahmed I.Sallam Hala S.El-sayed Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh 61519Egypt Electrical Department Faculty of Industrial EducationSuez UniversitySuez 43527Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering Al-Obour High Institute for Engineering and Technology 3036Egypt Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf 32952Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMenoufia UniversityShebin El-Kom 32511Egypt

In the last few years,videos became the most common form of information transmitted over the internet,and a lot of the traffic is confidential and must be protected and delivered safely to its intended *** introduces the challenges of presenting encryption systems that can encode videos securely and efficiently at the same *** paper presents an efficient opto-video encryption system using Logistic Adjusted Sine map(LASM)in the Fractional Fourier Transform(FrFT).In the presented opto-video LASM-based FrFT scheme,the encoded video is split into distinct frames and transformed into optical signals utilizing an optical *** of the developed optical video frames is ciphered by utilizing the LASM in optical FrFT system using two-phase modulation forms on the video frame,the first in the time-domain and the second in the FrFT *** the end,the ciphervideo frame is spotted utilizing a CCD digital camera and transformed into a digital structure that can be managed using a *** test the proposed opto-video LASM-based FrFT scheme using various security *** outcomes demonstrate that the presented scheme can effectively encrypt and decrypt video *** addition,it encrypts videos with a high level of encryption qualitywithout sacrificing its resistance to noise ***,the test outcomes demonstrate that the presented scheme is immune to known attacks.

关键词： Optical encryption FrFT logistic-adjusted sine map

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Microbial Analysis of Drinking Water from Randomly Selected Boreholes and Shallow Wells around Hargeisa, Somaliland

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： Mohamud ahmed Farah Essam Abdulmuhsin afifi Nadira Harir Omar ahmed Hussein Essa Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science Haldoor Medical University Hargeisa Somaliland Hargeisa Water Quality Control Laboratory Hargeisa Water Agency Hargeisa Somaliland Department of Health Science Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Abaarso Tech University Hargeisa Somaliland

Background: Shallow wells and boreholes are vital sources of potable water in Hargeisa. This water can be polluted by runoff, in particular during the rainy season, causing outbreaks of waterborne infections. Objectives: This research aimed at evaluating the microbial quality of shallow wells and boreholes water around Hargeisa, Somaliland. Methods: The total coliform and Escherichia coli count were done by using the membrane filtration method. Overall, 100 ml of each water sample was filtered via a 0.45 μm membrane filter, and then the filters were put on m-Endo agar plates that were incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 hours. Results: The mean value of total coliform counts for the boreholes and shallow wells ranged from 1.288 × 103 to 8.8 × 103 CFU/100ml, while the mean value of total E. coli counts also ranged from 3.5 × 102 to 4.429 × 103 CFU/100ml. Results from this study have demonstrated that all water sources (Arabsiyo, Dararweyne, Darasalaam, Dabaraqas, and Jaleelo) don’t comply with the WHO guideline for drinking water. Results from the analysis of water samples of 28 wells demonstrated a significant correlation between total coliform and E. coli counts (P = 0.01). Therefore, this water is not fit for human consumption unless it is treated. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that all results of both mean values of total coliform and E. coli counts from groundwater of selected shallow wells and boreholes were beyond WHO standards, so water from Arabsiyo, Jaleelo, Dabaraqas, Dararweyne, and Darasalaam requires treatment before human consumption.

关键词： Membrane Filtration Method Escherichia Coli Coliform Shallow Wells Boreholes Indole Colony Forming Unit Indole Citrate Triple Sugar Iron

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Analytical Study of Ground Painting Layers and Conservation Processes of an Egyptian Painted Coffin

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Journal of Life Sciences 2011年第8期5卷 661-669页

作者： Hala afifi Mahmood Mostafa ahmed AbdE1 Fatah Conservation and Restoration Department Faculty of Archaeology Cairo University Giza Cairo 12613 Egypt Supreme Council of Antiquities Cairo 12613 Egypt

The aim of this study is to examine and present the results of the scientific examinations carried out on the ground layers with paint samples collected from the decorated surfaces of the wooden coffin dated back to the late period from Saqqara excavation that belonged to the Ministry of Antiquities. Many analytical methods were performed as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis （ESEM-EDX）, X-ray diffraction analysis as well as fourier transform infrared spectroscopy have been used to both characterise the inorganic composition and the binding media used. The analytical results showed that the materials composition and technique used to plaster applied on the wooden surface are in good agreement with the information gathered through the historical survey. The coffin was in bad and poor condition. There was cracking on the surface and in the structure, serious flaking, cupping of some pigments and serious damage in both the wooden support and gesso layer. Conservation treatment processes carried out included consolidation of lifting areas of the paint film, disturbing restoration materials, repair of cracks in the wooden support and a dry surface cleaning of the pigments.

关键词： Wooden coffin pigments Saqqara EDX SEM conservation chemical composition deterioration aspect.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Prediabetes and Diabetes Results-I: A Screening Plan in a Selected Military Community in Central Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2017年第1期7卷 12-30页

作者： Raouf M. afifi Ashraf E. Saad ahmed Al Shehri Community Health Research Institute International Management-Health Services Indianapolis IN USA Community Medicine Program Armed Forces Hospitals Taif KSA Preventive Medicine Department Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA Family Medicine Department Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease of a genetic and environmental background. If it is not diagnosed and controlled early, it can have devastating complications. Aim: Measure and analyze the prevalence and risks of prediabetes and diabetes among recruits enlisted in the Wadi Al-Dawasir (WD) military zone, central Saudi Arabia. The influence of some demographic criteria, weight, and blood pressure upon blood glucose level would be evaluated. Methods: A cross sectional design was utilized, whereas predesigned questionnaire and clinical interview were used to screen the study population. Results: The participants’ median age was 33.7 (IQR 11.9), mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2. Out of 531 recruits screened, almost two-thirds were either overweight (34.7%) or obese (29.9%). The mean waist circumference (WC) was 94.7 ± 13.3 cm;and 27.9% had central obesity (WC ≥102 cm). Random plasma glucose (RPG) median accounted 106 mg/dl (IQR 21). The participants’ RPG levels significantly increased by age (U = 19697.0), by BMI [H(df 5) = 59.6], and by WC (U = 25,670.5), (p rho(df 503) = 0.241, p U 3515, p 25 to ≥40 kg/m2) more than normal subjects [46 (87%) vs. 5 (0.9%)], [χ2(df 5) = 18.8, p Conclusions: Prediabetes and uncontrolled diabetes are relatively prevalent among Saudi recruits’ community. An insufficient influence of obesity for developing diabetes symptoms in the study population may well be attributed to time factor separating the two variables. A preventive approach to revert the predisposition of prediabetes in WD recruits population is quite promising.

关键词： Pre-Diabetes Diabetes Wadi Al-Dawasir Saudi Arabia

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Single vs. Double Dose Iron Supplementation for Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Twin Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第12期10卷 1788-1802页

作者： ahmed Mohammed Abbas Manal Mahmoud Elhalwagy Khaled afifi Khaled Ibrahim Mohamed Samir Sweed Obstetrics & Gynecology Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Obstetrics & Gynecology Helwan General Hospital Cairo Egypt

Introduction: It is estimated that about 18% of pregnant women suffer from iron deficiency anemia throughout their whole pregnancy. In twin pregnancy, owing to the relatively greater feto-placental requirements and greater expansion in maternal plasma volume and red cell mass, iron requirements are magnified 1.8 times compared to singleton pregnancies. However, for prevention of iron deficiency in twin pregnancy, only sparse data exist regarding the sufficiency of the standard antenatal iron supplementation dose used in singleton pregnancies to meet the increased iron demand. In this study, we investigate the effect of single and double dose iron supplementation for prevention of iron deficiency anemia in twin pregnancy. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at our center in the period between February 2019 and October 2020, and included 450 eligible healthy non-anemic women aged 18 - 35 year

关键词： Iron Supplementation Iron Deficiency Anemia Twin Pregnancy Hepcidin Mucosal Block

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Barriers for resuming endoscopy service in the context of COVID-19 pandemic:A multicenter survey from Egypt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第43期26卷 6880-6890页

作者： Omar Elshaarawy Sameh Aldesoky Lashen Nahed A Makhlouf Doaa Abdeltawab Mariam Salah Zaghloul Rasha M ahmed Hayam Fathy Shimaa afifi Muhammad Abdel-Gawad Eman Abdelsameea Sherief Abd-Elsalam Salem Youssef Mohamed Mohammed Tag-Adeen Mina Tharwat ahmed Alzamzamy ahmed Nasr Bekhit Alshaimaa M Eid Abeer Awad Mohamed-Naguib Wifi Mohammad Aamr Waleed A Abd El Dayem Mohamed Alboraie Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Liver TransplantationNational Liver InstituteMenoufia UniversityShebine Elkom 32511Egypt Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Alcohol Research and Liver Diseases Salem Medical CenterHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69121Germany Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandria 21521Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroentrology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityFaculty of MedicineKafrelsheikh 33565Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute Cairo 11638Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesFaculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitFaculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology UnitQena Faculty of MedicineSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAswan UniversityAswan 81528Egypt Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Military Medical AcademyCairo 11771Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine Zagazig General HospitalZagazig 42511Egypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease Faculty of MedicineAlAzhar UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11759Egypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroentorolgy Shebin Elkom Teaching HospitalShebine Elkom 3521Egypt Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt

BACKGROUND The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has affected routine endoscopy service across the gastroenterology *** led to the suspension of service provision for elective *** To assess the potential barriers for resuming the endoscopy service in *** A national online survey,four domains,was disseminated over a period of 4 wk in August *** primary outcome of the survey was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the endoscopy service and barriers to the full resumption of a disabled center(s).RESULTS A hundred and thirteen Egyptian endoscopy centers participated in the *** waiting list was increased by≥50% in 44.9% of areas with clusters of COVID-19 cases(n=49)and in 35.5% of areas with sporadic cases(n=62).Thirty nine(34.8%)centers suffered from staff shortage,which was considered a barrier against service resumption by 86.4% of centers in per-protocol *** multivariate analysis,the burden of cases in the unit locality,staff shortage/recovery and the availability of separate designated rooms for COVID-19 cases could markedly affect the resumption of endoscopy practice(P=0.029,<0.001 and 0.02,respectively)and Odd’s ratio(0.15,1.8 and 0.16,respectively).CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has led to restrictions in endoscopic *** staff shortage/recovery and the availability of COVID-19 designed rooms are the most important barriers against *** working hours and dividing endoscopy staff into teams may help to overcome the current situation.

关键词： COVID-19 Endoscopy Practice Pandemic Egypt Barriers

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