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Evaluation of Hepatic Fibrosis and Hepatic Steatosis by Pulse Elastography (FIBROSCAN/CAP) in Asymptomatic Patients about 170 Cases at the Donka CHU National Hospital in Conakry

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 125-138页

作者： Mamadou Sarifou diallo Oumarou Youssouf Abdoulatif Yaogo Djenabou diallo Kadiatou diallo Thierno Amadou Wann ahmed tidiane diallo Mamadou Lamine Yaya Bah Mamdou Diakhaby Mamadou Aliou Kanté Djibril Sylla Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology The Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea Internal Medicine Department Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Department of Hepato Gastroenterology Angr&#233 University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Internal Medicine Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Fibroscan is a recent, non-invasive and non-irradiating diagnostic method. It is based on the principle of ultrasound, which enables liver tissue elasticity to be quantified using a probe, and fibrosis to be assessed. Fibroscan measures both elasticity correlated with hepatic fibrosis and CAP correlated with steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using pulse elastometry (Fibroscan/CAP). Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in which 170 patients were included. It was conducted from October 1 2021 to December 31 2023, i.e. 27 months, in an outpatient clinic in the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka national hospital of the CHU Conakry. Results: Of the 170 patients identified, 87 were male (51%) and 83 female (49%), giving a M/F sex ratio of 1.04. The average age of our patients was 40. The 30 - 50 age group was the most affected, with a frequency of 58.23% (n = 99), followed by the 50 age group with a frequency of 29.41% (n = 50). Hepatomegaly, steatotic liver on ultrasonography, transaminase elevation and obesity were the main indications, respectively: (21.76%), (17.65%), (14.71%), and (13.53%). The examinations were requested by hepatogastroenterologists (47.06%), diabetologists (35.88%) and general practitioners (29%). Of the 170 patients, 100 patients (58.82%) had no significant fibrosis F0F1, 39 (22.94%) had moderate fibrosis F2, 20 patients (11.76%) had severe fibrosis F3 and 11 patients (6.47%) had fibrosis F4. Hepatic steatosis: 62 patients (36.47%) had no S0 steatosis;29.41% had S1 steatosis, 20% had S2 steatosis and 24 patients (14.11%) had S3 steatosis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a normal liver in 67.05% of patients, hepatic steatosis in 29.41% and non-decompensated cirrhosis in 6 cases. Thus, 108 patients had the parameters required to calculate the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), steatosis was present in 20% of our patients, while 29.41% had an undetermined st

关键词： Cirrhosis Fibrosis Fibroscan/CAP Non-Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis Steatosis CHU Conakry

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Evaluation of the “Helicobacter pylori” Eradication Rate by Bismuth Quadritherapy or Concomitant Quadritherapy in Black Africans

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期14卷 69-79页

作者： diallo Mamadou Sarifou Youssouf Oumarou Yaogo Abdoulatif diallo Kadiatou diallo Djenabou Wann Thierno Amadou Bah Mamadou Lamine Yaya diallo ahmed tidiane Diakhaby Mamadou Kanté Mamadou Aliou Sylla Djibril Hepato-Gastroenterology Department of the Donka National Hospital CHU Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Guinea Internal Medicine Department Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Hepato Gastroenterology Department Angré University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Internal Medicine Donka National Hospital CHU Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Gastric infection by “Helicobacter pylori” remains a topical issue due to the evolving scientific data concerning its pathophysiology, the diseases and pathologies concerned, which now extend beyond the gastric or digestive sphere, and the treatment methods faced with the development of antibiotic resistance. Diagnosis of infection involves two inseparable aspects: identification of the bacterium itself and identification of the endoscopic and histological lesions caused by the bacterium. Objective: To evaluate the rate of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection by bismuth quadruple therapy and concomitant treatment. Patients and methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, analytical study of all outpatients in the hepato-gastroenterology department during the study period from 1 January 2022 to 30 November 2023. All patients had undergone oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy and the diagnosis was made by histological examination of the gastric biopsy. Results: Our 113 patients comprised 68 men and 46 women. The sex ratio was 1.48 in favour of men. The mean age of our patients was 40.28 years, with extremes of 13 and 80 years. The clinical signs that prompted oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy were as follows: epigastralgia (69.91%), dyspepsia (14.16%), vomiting (7.08%), gastro-oesophageal reflux (6.19%) and altered general condition with weight loss (2.65%). The endoscopic lesions were: gastropathy (antral, fundic and diffuse: antro-fundial) (69.02%), bulbar ulcer (6.19%), gastric ulcer (5.31%). Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with chronic gastritis in all our patients;it was mild in 50%, moderate in 41% and severe in 9%. The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori according to the treatment protocol used was 92.30% for bismuth quadruple therapy and 94.12% for concomitant quadruple therapy. Conclusion: The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori in our study was 92.30% and 94.12% respectively for bismuth quadritherapy and concomitant the

关键词： “Helicobacter pylori” Eradication Quadritherapy Antibiotics Conakry

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Vaginal Cesarean Section, an Alternative to High-Risk Trigger on Scarred Uterus

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第7期14卷 979-982页

作者： Famakan Kane Mahamadou Keita Yacouba Sylla Soumaila diallo Diassana Mahamadou Traore tidiane Hpital du District de Bla Bamako Mali Hpital du District Commune I Bamako Mali Hpital FOUSSEYNI DAOU de Kayes Bamako Mali Hpital NIANAKORO FOMBA de SEGOU Bamako Mali

The objective is to report a clinical case of vaginal cesarean section performed to expel a dead fetus in scarred uterus. For this indication, vaginal hysterectomy constitutes an alternative to vaginal expulsion with a high risk of uterine rupture and to classic abdominal cesarean section with risk of significant surgical trauma, particularly adhesions. However, this surgical technique, described since the 19th century, remains unknown to many practitioners and few publications exist on the subject throughout the world. Considered obsolete by some practitioners, it retains all its advantages in the practice of modern obstetrics. We report this case of expulsion of fetal death on a tri-scarred uterus performed by vaginal cesarean section at the Health District Reference Health Center (District Hospital) of Commune I in Bamako, Mali in a 37-year-old patient with a pregnancy of 27 weeks of amenorrhea.

关键词： Vaginal Cesarean Section Birth on Scarred Uterus In Utero Fetal Death

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Analysis of the Characteristics of Materials Obtained by Recycling Scrap Metal in Guinea

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Alpha Issa diallo Jean ahmed Kourouma Adama Moussa Sakho Alexandre Lucien Richard Mechanical Laboratory Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamou 063Republic of Guinea Materials Laboratory of Gamal Abdel Nasser University ConakryMamou1147Republic of Guinea Department of Laboratory Technology Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamou 063Republic of Guinea

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of rebar produced from recycled scrap metal collected throughout the country,and imported rebar sold in the Republic of *** do this,the samples were subjected to various mechanical tests involving traction,bending and microscopic *** the Lambanyi and Casse Sonfonia samples,all the tensile strength values for diameters 12,14 and 16 were above 550 ***,the iron samples from Baillobaye and the 10 mm diameters of the samples from Casse Sonfonio and Lambanyi have less appreciable *** limits of elasticity were *** various values found vary more or less from the conventional yield strength of the NF A35-016 reference supplied by CBITEC,which is 500 *** analysis gives us an insight into the internal structure of the iron samples *** study may provide the company and the vendors with an alternative for their improvements.

关键词： Steel in construction recycled scrap strength test traction bending.

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Immunovirological Discordance and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV under Antiretroviral Treatment at Hôpital de Jour de Donka, Guinea

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 93-104页

作者： Mariama Sadjo diallo Djiba Kaba Charles Tchibinda Delicat Issiaga diallo Boh Fanta Diane Doufin Traore Ousmane Niabaly Oumar Mouctar diallo Ouo-Ouo Yaramon Kolie Aly Patrice Kamano Pascal Koivogui ahmed Sékou Keita Mohamed Macire Soumah Thierno Mamadou Tounkara Mohamed Cisse Facult des Sciences et Techniques de la Sant Universit Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guine Laboratoire de Biologie Molculaire Nestor Bangoura/Helene Labrousse Hpital de Jour Donka CHU Donka Conakry Guine Centre dExcellence Africain Pour la Prvention et le Contrle des Maladies Transmissibles Conakry Guine Service de Dermatologie-Vnrologie CHU Donka Conakry Guine

The antiretroviral treatment (ART) has significantly reduced the number of new HIV/AIDS infections and related deaths. However, cases of immunovirological discordance (IVD) are found in various locations. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of People living with HIV (PLHIV) with IVD and to identify associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the records of PLHIV under ART for at least 6 months, followed at Hpital de Jour Donka from 2015 to 2017, and having both viral load (CV) and CD4 T-cell count. Prevalence of IVD was 34.57%, with 23.87% for immunological discordance (ID) and 10.7% for virological discordance (VD). Females were predominant (66.26%), and male gender influenced IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.006) and was associated with VD (p = 0.007). The average age was 38.77 11.30 years. PLHIV were classified at WHO stages 3 and 4 (86.01%). The median initial haemoglobin level was 11.5 g/L [3.2 - 12]. The mean initial CD4 T-cell count was 272.84 cells/mm3 201.6. The median initial viral load (VL) was 147,337 copies/mL [1092 - 31,675,000]. The initial CD4 T-cell count 3 was associated with IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0009) and correlated with ID (p = 0.000). Prurigo was associated with IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003). Cerebral toxoplasmosis was not associated with IVD but was associated with ID (p = 0.04). This study allowed us to describe the profile of PLHIV with IVD. The main associated factors were male gender, initial CD4 T-cell count 3, toxoplasmosis, prurigo, and herpes zoster.

关键词： HIV Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Immunovirological Discordance Donka Guinea

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Collaborative Efforts and Strategies for Cholera Outbreak Control in Garissa County, Kenya: Implementation of Water Quality Monitoring Interventions

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第2期16卷 123-139页

作者： Michael Habtu Mark Nanyingi Ali A. Hassan Abdiwahid M. Noor Joel Mutyandia Muli Alan Mwika Julius Wekesa ahmed Fidhow Diba Dulacha Landry Kabego Ishata Nannie Conteh Andre Arsene Bita Fouda Sonia Chene Aden H. Ibrahim ahmed Nadhir Omar Martins C. Livinus Abdourahmane diallo World Health Organization Nairobi Kenya Department of Health Garissa County Government Garissa Kenya Water Resources Authority Garissa Kenya World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Brazzaville Congo Regional Agency for Health Dijon France

A multi-faceted Case Area Targeted Intervention (CATI) approach emphasizing the integration of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) interventions and Oral Cholera Vaccine (OCV) campaign was employed to respond to the outbreak of cholera in Garissa County. Drinking water sources in areas heavily impacted by cholera were systematically mapped and tested for microbiological quality. The quality assessment was carried out in April 2023 during an ongoing cholera outbreak in the county. A total of 109 samples were collected and tested for thermotolerant coliforms and other in situ parameters. The finding revealed that more than 87% of the samples did not meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standard for thermotolerant coliforms;and 30% had turbidity values above the recommended threshold values. None of the 109 samples had any traceable residual chlorine. Following these findings, the county government implemented the targeted interventions which resulted in a positive impact in the fight against cholera. The WHO supported key interventions which included capacity building in water quality monitoring and prepositioning of critical WASH commodities to the cholera affected areas.

关键词： Cholera Drinking Water Household Water Treatment Kenya

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Lesional and Therapeutic Aspects of Tibial Plateau Fractures at the BSS University Hospital Center in Kati

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Surgical Science 2022年第10期13卷 471-479页

作者： Coulibaly Kalifa Sanogo Cheick Oumar Tambassi Sory Ibrahim diallo Aboubacar Traoré Soumana Touré Laye Moussa Abdoul Kadri diallo Mahamadou diallo Cheickh tidiane Keïta Mohamed Orthopaedic Trauma Department of the Kati University Hospital Koulikoro Mali Orthopaedic Trauma Department Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Orthopedic Trauma Department of Gabriel Touré University Hospital Bamako Mali

Introduction: Tibial plateau fractures are solutions of continuity of the epiphyseal-metaphyseal block of the upper end of the tibia of which at least one line enters the joint. They threaten the stability and mobility of the knee and can compromise walking and standing. These fractures are on the increase, especially affecting young and active subjects. Orthopedic treatment is a rare indication apart from non-displaced or slightly displaced forms. Surgical treatment is required in displaced forms, particularly in depression fractures. The aim of this work was to report the lesional and therapeutic aspects of tibial plateau fractures in our department. Patients and Method: Patients and method: This was a retrospective study over 36 months from January 2019 to December 2021. Included in this study were patients treated for a tibial plateau fracture in our department and followed up for at least 10 months. The epidemiological and clinical data analyzed were age, sex, affected side, etiology, mechanism of injury, pathological anatomy and associated lesions. The fractures were classified according to the classification of Duparc and Ficat. The slightly or non-displaced forms were treated orthopedically while the displaced forms were treated surgically. The minimum follow-up was 10 months. The results were evaluated by the anatomical criteria according to Mazas and Duparc and functional according to Merle d’Aubigné. Results: The authors collected 71 cases of tibial plateau fractures. They accounted for 4.0% of all limb fractures, 5.8% of lower limb fractures and 33.8% of knee fractures in our service. The male sex was the most represented at 78.9% with a sex ratio of 3.7. The age group of [20 - 40] years was the most affected, i.e., 53.5%. The average age was 41 years with extremes of 17 and 82 years. The left side was affected (n = 47) and the right side (n = 24). Road traffic accident was the main cause. The mechanism of injury was mainly represented by lateral and sag

关键词： Fractures Tibial Plateau Pathology Osteosynthesis

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Wastewater Treatment Trial by Double Filtration on Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Prepared from Peanut Shells

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2023年第1期13卷 1-8页

作者： Mafory Bangoura Alhassane Diami diallo ahmed Sékou diallo Cellou Kante Scientific Research and Innovation Ministry of Higher Education Directorate General of Scientific Research Conakry Guinea Mamou Higher Institute of Technology Department of Laboratory Techniques Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Mamou Guinea Institut Supérieur des Mines et Géologie de Boké Water Quality Laboratory Boké Guinea

The aim of this work is the purification of wastewater by double filtration on granular activated carbon prepared from peanut shells. The samples of carbonized peanut shells were activated with 35% sulfuric acid and finally, we proceeded to the purification tests on double filtration of wastewater. Granular activated carbons (GAC) were very effective for the treatment of turbidity, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, iron, COD and BOD5 but the best results were observed with nitrite, nitrate and phosphate. However, the second filtration was the most efficient while the lowest rates were observed for pH (17.91% on average), and conductivity (29.71% on average). In addition, this work has allowed increasing the dissolved oxygen by more than 50.16% at the exit of the first filter and more than 105.36% at the exit of the second filter. This study shows that granular activated carbon prepared from peanut shells could be a credible alternative for developing countries in the control of pollution and environmental protection.

关键词： Wastewater Treatment Activated Carbon

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How Does Heat-Stress Intensity Affect the Stability of Microbial Activity and Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities in Outfields and Homefields’ Cultivation Practices in the Senegalese Groundnut Basin?

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2023年第2期13卷 97-123页

作者： Paul Ndiaga Ciss Laure Tall Saidou Nourou Sall Mariama Dalanda diallo Paula Fernandes tidiane Dieye Medoune Mbengue Espoir Gaglo Komi Assigbetse LABAAM UFR S2ATA Université Gaston Berger Saint Louis Sénégal ISRA (Institut Sénégalais de Recherche Agricole) LNRPV Dakar Sénégal IPAR (Initiative Prospective Agricole et Rurale) Dakar Sénégal LMI IESOL Centre ISRA-IRD-UCAD Dakar Sénégal CIRAD UPR Hortsys Centre ISRA-IRD-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Eco & Sols Université de Montpellier IRD CIRAD INRAE Institut Agro Montpellier France Hortsys CIRAD Univ Montpellier Montpellier France

Agroecosystems in the Senegalese groundnut basin experience long periods of high temperatures and drought, which disrupt the stability of soil microbial communities. This study evaluated how that stability is affected by homefields and outfields’ agricultural practices and the duration of heat stress. Specifically, we collected soils from organically farmed fields that receive continual high inputs of manure (homefields), and from fields that are rarely manured (outfields). Soil samples were submitted to artificial heat stress at 60°C for 3, 14, and 28 days, followed by 28 days of recovery at 28°C. We examined the functional stability of microbial communities by quantifying C mineralization, and characterized the stability of the communities’ taxonomic compositions via high-throughput DNA sequencing. We found that the microbial communities have a low resistance to heat stress in soils from both types of fields. However, the manuring practice does affect how the functional stability of microbial communities responds to different durations of heat stress. Although functional stability was not recovered fully in either soil, microbial community resilience seemed to be greater in homefield soils. Differences in manuring practices also affected the structural taxonomic stability of microbial communities: relative abundances of Bacilli, Chloroflexia, Actinobacteria and Sordariomycetes increased in the homefield stressed-soils, but decreased significantly in outfield soils. In contrast, relative abundances of α-Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria and Eurotiomycetes increased significantly in outfield stressed-soils, while decreasing significantly in the homefield soils. Relative abundances of Bacilli changed little in outfield soils, indicating that this taxon is resistant to heat stress. In summary, the microbial communities’ capacities to resist heat stress and recover from it depend upon the organic richness of the soil (i.e., manuring practice) and the adaptation of soil

关键词： Groundnut Basin Senegal Agricultural Practice Heat Stress Microbial Stability Microbial Diversity

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Interest of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction Due to an Internal Hernia of Unusual Location: The Falciform Ligament

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Open Journal of Radiology 2023年第2期13卷 94-100页

作者： diallo Moustapha Diack Aminata Ndaw Mame Diarra Bousso Amar Ndeye Isseu Diop Massamba Diouf Cheikh tidiane Fall Amath Ndiaye Abdou Rahmane Soko Thierno Omar Mbengue Ababacar Department of Medical Imaging Dakar Principal Hospital Dakar Senegal

Pathological implications of the falciform ligament are rare and internal hernias are exceptional. The origin of the falciform ligament defect can be congenital or inflammatory (a satellite of acute cholecystitis) or even post-surgical. The internal hernias of the falciform ligament are most often revealed by an acute intestinal obstruction syndrome with an ischemic component. The scanner provides the benchmarking examination allowing us to conduct a positive diagnosis and see also the inherent complications, which drives us to take the appropriate and fast surgical procedures. It is an entity that must be known.

关键词： Internal Hernia Falciform Ligament Scanner

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