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Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors: Who, When & How? Guidance for Use from a Multidisciplinary Practical Approach

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第9期15卷 413-435页

作者： Khalifa Abdullah Magdy ElSharkawy Emad R. Issak ahmed shawky elserafy Samah Idris ahmed Bendary Haytham Reda Badr May Shehata Ashraf Reda Internal Medicine Department Diabetes & Metabolism Unit Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Nephrology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Cardiology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Internal Medicine and Nephrology Department Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Cardiology Department Faculty of Medicine Benha University Benha Egypt Internal Medicine Department Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt Product Manager Al-Esraa Pharma Cairo Egypt Cardiology Department Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Menoufia Egypt

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2 inhibitors) have transformed diabetes management by targeting renal glucose reabsorption. Designed initially as antidiabetic agents, their ability to lower blood glucose levels independently of insulin is well-documented. Beyond glycemic control, emerging research has unveiled their profound cardiorenal benefits. By inhibiting SGLT-2 protein, these drugs enhance glucose excretion in urine, reducing blood glucose levels. This mechanism has translated into significant cardiovascular and renal protection, establishing SGLT-2 inhibitors as pivotal in managing not only diabetes but also cardiovascular and renal diseases. Recent studies have illuminated the broader therapeutic potential of SGLT-2 inhibitors beyond diabetes. Evidence indicates their efficacy in managing heart failure, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular complications in individuals with or without diabetes. This expanded therapeutic landscape has catalyzed a paradigm shift in SGLT-2 inhibitor use, positioning them as key agents in the cardiorenal metabolic continuum. Moreover, their role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events and slowing CKD progression in T2DM patients has garnered considerable attention. This consensus-based review aims to offer practical guidance in an algorithmic approach to primary care healthcare professionals to optimize SGLT-2 inhibitors utilization and maximize their benefits. The review seeks to empower clinicians to effectively manage patients who may benefit from SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy by addressing common initiation barriers and optimizing treatment strategies. Additionally, it aims to raise awareness among primary care physicians regarding the multifaceted benefits of these medications and overcome clinical inertia in their adoption into routine clinical practice.

关键词： Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Cardiorenal Benefits Therapeutic Potential Cardiovascular Protection Primary Care Optimization

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Magnetically separable and visible light-active Ag/NiCo2O4 nanorods prepared by a simple route for superior photodegradation of atrazine in water

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2020年第2期30卷 160-167页

作者： ahmed shawky Maha Alhaddad R.M.Mohamed Nasser S.Awwad Hala A.Ibrahium Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department Advanced Materials DivisionCentral Metallurgical R&D Institute(CMRDI) P.O.Box 87 Helwan Department of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Department of Biology Nuclear Materials Authority

Atrazine（ATZ） is a known herbicide used in agriculture and caused many concerns according to its ***,we have prepared NiCo2O4nanorods that can work as a photocatalyst under visible light exposure by Ag loading through a simple *** characterizations revealed the role of Ag for improving the structural,optical and optoelectronic properties of the produced *** Ag loading with 5 wt% confirms the minimization of the bandgap from 3.6 down to 2.57 eV with enhanced visible light absorption and sustaining the magnetic *** Ag/NiCo2O4nanorods showed a superior photodegradation of ATZ within 20 min at2.0 g L-1with excellent *** enhancement of the photocatalytic activity is referred to the local surface plasmon resonance of Ag-loaded *** reduces the electron-hole recombination and outperforms the unloaded *** work is highlighting the application of magnetically separable spinel photocatalysts for the removal of herbicides and water remediation.

关键词： Spinel photocatalyst Visible light Photodegradation Atrazine Magnetic separation

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Expression levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 and certain antimicrobial peptides in concurrent with bacterial conjunctivitis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第5期14卷 666-675页

作者： Alaa El-Dien shawky Hosny Zeinab El-Demerdash El-Bazza Mohammed Abdelhalim Ramadan Maha ahmed Shafik Mahmoud ahmed Shafeek Rania Abdelmonem Khattab Microbiology and Immunology Department Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityKasr Al-Aini 11562CairoEgypt Drug Radiation Research Department National Center for Radiation Research and TechnologyAtomic Energy AuthorityCairo 9621Egypt Ophthalmology Department Faculty of medicineAL-Azhar UniversityCairo 11754Egypt

AIM:To detect the quantitative expression levels of the pro-inflammatory interleukin-8(IL8),antimicrobial peptides human beta defense-2(HBD2),and human beta defense-3(HBD3)genes in bacterial ***:The human conjunctival epithelial cells were obtained using the impression cytology technique from healthy controls and *** genes expression levels were determined utilizing a reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-q PCR).The contribution of causative agent type,the number of isolates and severity of clinical features,in the increase of genes expression was also ***:The RT-q PCR showed that IL8,HBD2,and HBD3 expression increased in bacterial conjunctivitis as compared to healthy control(P<0.001).In gram-negative bacterial conjunctivitis,HBD2 was highly up-regulated(P<0.001)compared to other types of bacterial *** mixed bacterial conjunctivitis,a direct correlation between HBD2 up-regulation and HBD3 up-regulation was observed(P<0.05).The severity of clinical features was related to the up-regulation of IL8 and HBD2(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:IL8,HBD2,and HBD3 are immuneeffectors in infectious ***2 is active during different bacterial conjunctivitis but is more released with gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive ***3 is an obvious defender in different bacterial conjunctivitis.

关键词： interleukin-8 human beta defense-2 human beta defense-3 infectious conjunctivitis real-time polymerase chain reaction

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Recovery of some valuable elements from lamprophyre dykes in the Abu Rusheid area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2012年第1期31卷 64-73页

作者： Zaki D.I. shawky N. El-Sheikh E.M. ahmed F.Y. Ibrahim M.E. Nuclear Materials Authority El MaadiP.O.Box 530 CairoEgypt Chemistry Dept. Faculty of Science for GirlAl-Azhar UniversityEgypt

In the Abu Rusheid area, Southeastern Desert of Egypt, polymineralized (HREEs, U, Zn and Pb) lam-prophyre dykes are recently recorded. The lamprophyre dykes cut cataclastic rocks along share zones in NNW-SSE trends. The secondary U-minerals are essentially represented by uranophane, kasolite, torbernite and autunite. Ex-perimental work was carried out on the lamprophyre dykes for the recovery of uranium and other valuable elements (e.g. Zn, Pb and Al) from 50 kg of technological sample. The optimum conditions were: 100 g/L sulfuric acid con-centration, 1:5 S/L (solid/liquid) and soaking for 15 days at room temperature. The leaching efficiencies for the re-covery of uranium and other elements like Al, Zn and Pb were 40, 33.6, 98.8 and 78, respectively.

关键词：有价元素煌斑岩岩脉沙漠埃及价值最佳工艺条件实验工作

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Study on the SEIQR model and applying the epidemiological rates of COVID-19 epidemic spread in Saudi Arabia

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 678-692页

作者： Hamdy Youssef Najat Alghamdi Magdy A.Ezzat Alaa A.El-Bary ahmed M.shawky Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Islamic ArchitectureUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia College of Science and Arts Qassim UniversityAl BukairiyahAl QassimSaudi Arabia Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime TransportP.O.Box 1029AlexandriaEgypt Science and Technology Unit(STU) Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia National Committee for Mathematics Academy of Scientific Research and TechnologyEgypt

This article attempts to establish a mathematical epidemic model for the outbreak of the new COVID-19 coronavirus.A new consideration for evaluating and controlling the COVID-19 outbreak will be constructed based on the SEIQR Pandemic *** this paper,the real data of COVID-19 spread in Saudi Arabia has been used for the mathematical model and dynamic *** the new reproductive number and detailed stability analysis,the dynamics of the proposed SEIQR model have been *** local sensitivity of the reproduction number has been *** domain of solution and equilibrium based on the SEIQR model have been proved using a Jacobian linearization *** state of equilibrium and its significance have been proved,and a study of the integrity of the disease-free equilibrium has been carried *** Lyapunov stability theorem demonstrated the global stability of the current model *** SEIQR model has been numerically validated and projected by contrasting the results from the SEIQR model with the actual COVID-19 spread data in Saudi *** result of this paper shows that the SEIQR model is a model that is effective in analyzing epidemic spread,such as *** the end of the study,we have implemented the protocol which helped the Saudi population to stop the spread of COVID-19 rapidly.

关键词： COVID-19 Jacobian matrix Lyapunov stability Reproduction number SEIR model SEIQR model

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Solution-processed quantum dot SnO_(2) as an interfacial electron transporter for stable fully-air-fabricated metal-free perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第6期8卷 1172-1183页

作者： Rabie M.Youssef A.M.S.Salem ahmed shawky Shaker Ebrahim Moataz Soliman Mohamed S.A.Abdel-Mottaleb Said M.El-Sheikh Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology Department Advanced Materials InstituteCentral Metallurgical Research and Development Institute(CMRDI)P.O.Box:87HelwanCairo11421Egypt Nano-Photochemistry and Solar Chemistry Labs. Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceAin Shams UniversityAbbassiaCairoEgypt Department of Materials Science Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityEgypt

Perovskite solar cells could strongly compete with the silicon solar cells in the market soon as illustrated in recent *** this work,promising and stable metal-free perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has been successfully fabricated using an inorganic SnO_(2)/Quantum dot SnO_(2)(QD-SnO_(2))double layer as an efficient electron transport layer via a low-temperature solution *** fully-air fabricated PSCs in the form of FTO/SnO_(2)/QD-SnO_(2)/CH3NH3PbI3/Carbon were tested at different annealed QD-SnO_(2) between 300 and 500℃.The as-prepared QD-SnO_(2) and the fabricated devices are characterized by various techniques,including XRD,XPS,HR-TEM,FE-SEM,UVeviseNIR spectroscopy,PL,and solar *** prepared QD-SnO_(2) at 300℃ has shown well-ordered nanoparticles of 5.6 nm in diameter with superior carrier density(1.5×10^(15) cm^(-3))and highest carrier mobility(64.1 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)),accelerating the carriers separation process within the *** best devices demonstrated a maximum power conversion effi-ciency(PCE)of 11.7%,VOC 0.81 V,JSC 19.5 mA·cm^(-2),and FF 74%.The presence of an interfacial layer of QDSnO_(2) over the blocking SnO_(2) upsurges the band gaps alignment and accelerates the carriers extraction rate affecting the performance of the fabricated perovskite ***,the optimized fabricated devices revealed a shelf stability-life of four months in humid air(40%-50%)with>83%of its initial *** simple synthetic approach can develop the opportunities to transfer the cell from the lab to the market,which will be compatible with large-scale production.

关键词： Solution-processed nanomaterials Perovskite solar cells Electron transport layer Thin film Quantum Dot-SnO_(2)

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Study of Prevalence of Abnormal Cervical Cytology in Al-Shatby Maternity University Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第4期11卷 434-449页

作者： ahmed Essmat Mahmoud Meleis Hossam Elsokkary Sanna shawky ahmed Enas El-Soody Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Pathology Medical Research Institute Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common cause of preventable cancer related deaths;cervical cancer has a long pervasive phase (cervical dysplasia);the prevalence of cervical dysplasia varies according to the socioeconomic characteristics and geographic areas of the population studied. Low-grade lesions regress spontaneously in a significant number of patients, while high grade lesions will progress to an invasive cancer if left untreated. Cervical cancer screening is an important component of the World Health Organization (WHO) strategy for combating cervical cancer. The incidence and prevalence of cervical cancer has reduced remarkably over the last three decades in developed countries where there are effective, well-coordinated screening programs, and treatment of cervical dysplasia, while in developing countries it has been increasing and has constituted major health problems among women where there are no well-coordinated and effective screening programs, also resources are very low and no insurance can cover this programs. Aim of the work: The aim is to assess the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology in Al Shatby Maternity University Hospital patients using Pap smear. Materials and methods: Inclusion criteria: 1) Married woman from 3 years or more;2) Women age from 21 to age 65 years. Exclusion criteria: 1) Previously known cervical cancer patient;2) Virgin females;3) Woman with active vaginal bleeding. Results: 83% of patients were -ve intraepithelial neoplasia {37.7% was normal cytology and 45.3% was inflammatory}. 17% was +ve intraepithelial neoplasia (abnormal cytology), {11.1% ASCUS, 2.9% LSIL, 1.3% HSIL, 1.1% ASC-H, 0.3% AGS

关键词： Abnormal Cervical Cytology Bethesda System Cervical Cancer Screening Pap Smear Preinvasive Cervical Cancer

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Estimating the Efficiency of Summer Tomatoes Production: A Case Study in Borg El-Arab Area, Egypt

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第6期12卷 855-864页

作者： Zainab shawky El-Khalifa ahmed Ayoub Hoda Farouk Zahran Project Management and Sustainable Development Department ALCRI City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) New Borg Al-Arab City Egypt Pollution Management Department ENMRI City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City) New Borg Al-Arab City Egypt

Tomatoes are one of the most popular and widely consumed vegetable crops worldwide. Egypt is characterized by its tomatoes production, whether for domestic use or export. Summer tomato farmers’ income has recently been reduced due to high production costs, particularly in new lands. As a result, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic efficiency of the elements used in summer tomato production in the Borg El-Arab area of Egypt as a new land. According to the findings, the summer tomato crop produced a reasonable profit for small-holding farmers in the study area. However, the elements are being used excessively in the production process, particularly seeds and fertilizers, resulting in increased production costs and failure to achieve economic efficiency of the elements used in the study area.

关键词： Economic Efficiency Summer Tomatoes Production Costs Economic Indicators Borg El-Arab Area New Lands

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基于大数据的大学生行为分析研究

基于大数据的大学生行为分析研究

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作者： Alrobassy Hala shawky ahmed Noman 兰州理工大学

学位级别：硕士

随着信息技术的不断发展和基础设施的不断完善,大数据技术已广泛应用于各个行业,比如医疗、教育、餐饮、物流、汽车、金融和娱乐等行业,给人们的生活带来诸多便利。在大学,随着管理手段信息化的不断深入,产生了大量的数据,其中,大学生... 详细信息

随着信息技术的不断发展和基础设施的不断完善,大数据技术已广泛应用于各个行业,比如医疗、教育、餐饮、物流、汽车、金融和娱乐等行业,给人们的生活带来诸多便利。在大学,随着管理手段信息化的不断深入,产生了大量的数据,其中,大学生日常生活和学习行为所累积的数据引起了高校管理人员的高度重视,也成为广大研究者的研究对象。通过对这些数据进行处理和分析,则可以获得学生的行为特征和规律,为学生管理者更好地管理学生提供参考。本文基于兰州理工大学的学生数据,其中包含学生的书籍借阅、校园卡消费、两学年的成绩和学生专业记录等数据,作为要调查的数据源。使用RapidMiner数据架构框架,可以预处理数据集并集成不同的数据源以获得一组数据以进行分析。进行的主要工作如下:（1）利用FP—growth算法来挖掘学生的学习成绩、借阅的书籍数量、不同专业与校园卡消费之间的相关关系,来预测学生行为。还使用Python Pandas软件包进行了统计分析,以确保数据平衡以及检测和处理任何异常值。（2）通过使用K-means算法对学生数据进行聚类,根据聚类结果挖掘不同学生的学业成绩、图书借阅数据与校园卡消费数据之间的关系,以及不同学生之间存在的行为差异。肘法用于确定K-means的最佳簇数。（3）为了预测下一年的学生表现,朴素贝叶斯（Naive Bayes,NB）、支持向量机（Support Vector Machine,SVM）、随机森林（Random Forest,RF）和神经网络（Neural Networks,NN）进行参数调优来提高算法性能。为了防止模型过度拟合,应用了十折交叉验证技术将数据集分为训练数据集和测试数据的数据集。此外,在这项研究中,通过结合支持向量机（SVM）,随机森林（RF）,朴素贝叶斯（NB）和神经网络（NN）的特征,提出了一个综合分类模型,以根据学生的行为来预测他们的表现。该模型的关键部分是具有类别交叉熵损失函数的SoftMax函数,该函数构成了神经网络第三层的一部分。而且,用于调整班级标签的班级权重。（4）最后,使用各种评估指标评估每个模型的性能。经实验证明,本文所提出的模型表现最佳,ROC曲线的微观平均值为92%,宏观平均值为86%。随机森林（RF）算法的准确率值为75%,支持向量机（SVM）为76%,朴素贝叶斯（NB）具有74%的准确率,神经网络（NN）的准确率为78%,而本文模型的准确率为85%,所提出的分类算法能够正确地对各专业的学生表现进行分类,优于传统算法。

关键词：大数据关联规则聚类分析分类技术学生行为

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也门中小企业员工满意度评价研究

也门中小企业员工满意度评价研究

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作者： AL-Robasy Haifa’a shawky ahmed 兰州理工大学

学位级别：硕士

中小企业在一个国家经济发展中起着至关重要的作用,尤其是发展中国家来说是至关重要的。所有中小企业都需要提高员工素质,以实现企业增长率和可持续性发展方向,并减少公司内部的人才流失。所以,越来越多的企业管理者开始重视对员工满意... 详细信息

中小企业在一个国家经济发展中起着至关重要的作用,尤其是发展中国家来说是至关重要的。所有中小企业都需要提高员工素质,以实现企业增长率和可持续性发展方向,并减少公司内部的人才流失。所以,越来越多的企业管理者开始重视对员工满意度的提升。本文阐述了也门中小企业的政治、环境、经济背景和文化地位,审查中小企业中员工对现状满意度的评价,首先分析了定义,特点以及中小企业和员工的满意度,然后分析具有代表性的中小规模企业并研究员工对企业的满意度。在此基础上,本文分析了也门中小企业员工满意度。这些数据来自于这些企业的不同部门、不同工种的300名员工。通过因子分析、描述性分析、相关回归分析等方法对数据进行分析,建立中小企业员工满意度评价模型。采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS 18.0版）对数据进行分析和解释。因子分析是用来把许多变量的数据按照不同权重压缩成几个变量。展示了也门中小企业员工满意度评价的影响因素模型,该模型主要包括组织文化、监督、员工与同事关系、薪酬激励、企业文化、政治经济形势、工作环境、员工的智力和科学亲和力以及工作性质等8个因素。然后对数据进行回归分析,得出评价员工满意度的最佳模型。该模型有薪酬激励、组织文化、监督、员工与同事关系、工作环境、员工的智力和科学亲和力以及工作性质6个因素。根据对整个数据的统计分析,前面提到的6个变量对员工满意度的影响高达36%。最后,本文提出了改进和提高也门员工满意度评价的措施。这也是中小企业员工满意度分析的一次有益尝试,并试图为中小企业员工满意度提供一些参考。

关键词：中小企业员工满意度影响因素评价模型也门

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