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High surface area and mesoporous activated carbon from KOH-activated dragon fruit peels for methylene blue dye adsorption:Optimization and mechanism study

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 281-290页

作者： Ali H.Jawad ahmed saud abdulhameed Lee D.Wilson Syed Shatir A.Syed-Hassan Zeid A.ALOthman Mohammad Rizwan Khan Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA40450 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia Department of Medical Instrumentation Engineering Al-Mansour University CollegeBaghdadIraq Department of Chemistry University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewan S7N 5C9 Canada Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA40450 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia Chemistry Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

In this study,an alternative precursor for production of activated carbon was introduced using dragon fruit(Hylocereus costaricensis)peel(DFP).Moreover,KOH was used as a chemical activator in the thermal carbonization process to convert DFP into activated carbon(DFPAC).In order to accomplish this research,several approaches were employed to examine the elemental composition,surface properties,amorphous and crystalline nature,essential active group,and surface morphology of the *** BrunauerEmmettTeller test demonstrated a mesoporous structure of the DFPAC has a high surface area of 756.3 m2g *** cationic dye Methylene Blue(MB)was used as a probe to assess the efficiency of DFPAC towards the removal of MB dye from aqueous *** effects of adsorption input factors(*** dose(A:0.040.12 g L 1),pH(B:310),and temperature(C:3050℃))were investigated and optimized using statistical analysis(*** design(BBD)).The adsorption kinetic model can be best categorized as the pseudofirst order(PFO).Whereas,the adsorption isotherm model can be best described by Langmuir model,with maximum adsorption capacity of DFPAC for MB dye was 195.2 mg g 1 at 50℃.The adsorption mechanism of MB by DFPAC surface was attributed to the electrostatic interaction,pp interaction,and ***,the results support the ability of DFP to be a promising precursor for production of highly porous activated carbon suitable for removal of cationic dyes(***).

关键词： Statistical modeling Activated carbon Dragon fruit peels Box-Behnken design Methylene blue dye Adsorption

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Cambrian integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 950-970页

作者： Zhixin SUN Lang SUN Fangchen ZHAO Bing PAN Malik Muhammad saud Sajid KHAN Shehryar ahmed Chuan YANG Lanyun MIAO Zongjun YIN Guoxiang LI Maoyan ZHU State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas have a long and complex tectonic evolutionary *** and blocks,such as northern India,Lhasa,Qiangtang,Qaidam and Central Qilian,and their in-between orogenic belts constitute the main part of the Qinghai-Tibetan *** the Cambrian Period,most of these cratons and blocks were on the northwestern periphery of Gondwana,and were associated with the surrounding blocks,***,Central Iran,Afghanistan,Tarim,Alxa,North China,South China and Sibumasu through the Proto-Tethys *** Cambrian stratigraphic sequences on these stable blocks are composed of mixed siliciclastic and carbonate rocks deposited in the shallow-water marine environments,and contain the trilobite assemblages of shelf *** Cambrian stratigraphic sequences in the Qilian tectonic belts,however,are characterized by the intermediate-basic igneous rocks and silicates formed in the Proto-Tethys Ocean,and contain the trilobite assemblages of deep-water slope *** with previous data,field observations and newly discovered fossils through funding by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,the general characteristics of the Cambrian strata in different tectonic units of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas have been summarized in this ***,efforts have been made to subdivide and correlate the Cambrian strata across these areas by utilizing available biostratigraphic and geochronological *** a result,a comprehensive litho-and biostratigraphy chart has been ***,from the biogeographic perspective,this paper also provides a brief overview of the Cambrian paleogeographical reconstruction of the major tectonic blocks,and discusses the problems associated with the evolution of the ProtoTethys tectonic belt.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Cambrian Stratigraphy Paleogeography Biota Gondwana Proto-Tethys Ocean

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Cryogenian and Ediacaran integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 919-949页

作者： Lang SUN Malik Muhammad saud Sajid KHAN Chuan YANG Zhixin SUN Bing PAN Shehryar ahmed Lanyun MIAO Weichen SUN Chunlin HU Xiaojuan SUN Cui LUO Bo CHEN Zongjun YIN Fangchen ZHAO Guoxiang LI Maoyan ZHU State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The complex evolutionary history of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,including the continental blocks(Indian,Lhasa,South Qiangtang,Tarim,Olongbuluk,Central Qilian,Alxa,North China,Yangtze,Central Iran and Oman)and the orogenic belts between them,has long been the frontier in Earth science *** Cryogenian and Ediacaran strata are extensively distributed in these ***,relatively complete Cryogenian and Ediacaran successions have been discovered in Oman,Indian,Yangtze,and Tarim blocks,while only the Ediacaran successions have been reported in Iran,the South Qiangtang,Central Qilian,Alxa,and North China *** on previous studies together with the integration of new materials and advancement obtained through the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,this review aims to synthesize a correlative stratigraphic framework of the representative Cryogenian and Ediacaran sequences from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding ***,the Cryogenian and Ediacaran biotas and major geological events in these areas are comprehensively discussed in aspects of current research *** results indicate that,in general,Ediacaran fossils of each area exhibit distinct features in preservation and assemblage composition,but the typical late Ediacaran fossils Cloudina and Shaanxilithes have been reported from most of these *** addition to the two global Cryogenian glaciations,late Ediacaran glaciogenic deposits are extensively recorded in the areas within and around the northern QinghaiTibetan Plateau(including the North China,Alxa,Central Qilian,Olongbuluk,and Tarim blocks,and the North Qilian Accretionary Belt),as well as central and southern ***,further research is required to determine the age,distribution,and origin of these late Ediacaran glaciogenic ***,the middle Ediacaran DOUNCE/Shuram Excursion is widely documented in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surroundi

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Cryogenian Ediacaran Stratigraphy Palaeogeography Biota Gondwana

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Consecutive narrow and broad quasi-periodic fast-propagating wave trains associated with a flare

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 200-211页

作者： Xinping Zhou Yuandeng Shen Chengrui Zhou Zehao Tang ahmed ahmed Ibrahim College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

The excitation mechanism of coronal quasi-period fast-propagating(QFP)wave trains remains *** Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory observations,we study a narrow and a broad QFP wave trains excited one after another during the successive eruptions of filaments hosted within a fan-spine magnetic system on October 20,*** consecutive occurrence of these two types of QFP wave trains in the same event provides an excellent opportunity to explore their excitation mechanisms and compare their physical *** observational results reveal that narrow and broad QFP wave trains exhibit distinct speeds,periods,energy fluxes,and relative intensity amplitudes,although originating from the same active region and being associated with the same GOES C2.9 *** wavelet analysis,we find that the narrow QFP wave train shares a similar period with the flare itself,suggesting its possible excitation through the pulsed energy release in the magnetic reconnection process that generated the accompanying *** the other hand,the broad QFP wave train appears to be associated with the energy pulses released by the successive expansion and unwinding of filament ***,it is plausible that the broad QFP wave train was also excited by the sequential stretching of closed magnetic field lines driven by the erupting *** findings shed light on the different excitation mechanisms and origins of the QFP wave trains.

关键词： narrow wave excitation

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Phytochemical profiling and anticancer potential of Cymbopogon citratus extract

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第10期14卷 448-460页

作者： Bader O.Almutairi Mikhlid H.Almutairi Badr A.Al-Dahmash Saad Alkahtani saud Alarifi ahmed Rady Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

Objective:To evaluate the anticancer potential of Cymbopogon citratus ***:GC-MS analysis was used to identify phytocomponents in the methanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus.A fractionation method was employed to isolate and assess the bioactivity of different fractions and their cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines HCT116,LoVo,Caco-2,and HT-29 were investigated.A dual staining method with acridine orange and ethidium bromide was used to assess the effect of the extract on cell ***,the expression levels of Bax and TP53 were quantified using real-time PCR in Caco-2 cells treated with the ethyl acetate fraction of Cymbopogon citratus extract.A protein array was employed to profile key pro-and anti-apoptotic proteins in Caco-2 ***,molecular docking studies were conducted to investigate the interactions between key compounds of Cymbopogon citratus extract and specific apoptosis-related protein domains(PDB IDs:7wql and 4bkx).Results:A significant growth inhibition was observed in Caco-2 cells treated with Cymbopogon citratus *** the seven fractions of the plant extract,the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest cytotoxicity against Caco-2 cells with an IC50 value of(6.16±0.01)μg/*** immunofluorescence assay showed that the ethyl acetate fraction could induce apoptosis of Caco-2 ***,the fraction upregulated the gene expressions of Bax and TP53 in a dose-dependent *** docking analysis demonstrated the interaction of five compounds isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction with key proteins in Caco-2 cells,indicating their anticancer ***:Cymbopogon citratus extract shows anticancer activity against Caco-2 cells by inducing *** may be a promising candidate for the treatment of colon cancer,which needs further investigation.

关键词： Cymbopogon citratus Anticancer Caco-2 cell Apoptosis Colon cancer

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Enhancing Indoor User Localization:An Adaptive Bayesian Approach for Multi-Floor Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1889-1905页

作者： Abdulraqeb Alhammadi Zaid ahmed Shamsan Arijit De Center for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics(CAIRO) Malaysia-Japan International Institute of TechnologyUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaKuala Lumpur54100Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia Department of Information Engineering Electronics and TelecommunicationsSapienza UniversityRome00185Italy

Indoor localization systems are crucial in addressing the limitations of traditional global positioning system(GPS)in indoor environments due to signal attenuation *** complex indoor spaces become more sophisticated,indoor localization systems become essential for improving user experience,safety,and operational *** localization methods based on Wi-Fi fingerprints require a high-density location fingerprint database,but this can increase the computational burden in the online *** networks,which integrate prior knowledge or domain expertise,are an effective solution for accurately determining indoor user *** networks use probabilistic reasoning to model relationships among various localization parameters for indoor environments that are challenging to *** article proposes an adaptive Bayesian model for multi-floor environments based on fingerprinting techniques to minimize errors in estimating user *** proposed system is an off-the-shelf solution that uses existing Wi-Fi infrastructures to estimate user’s *** operates in both online and offline *** the offline phase,a mobile device with Wi-Fi capability collects radio signals,while in the online phase,generating samples using Gibbs sampling based on the proposed Bayesian model and radio map to predict user’s *** results unequivocally showcase the superior performance of the proposed model when compared to other existing models and *** proposed model achieved an impressive lower average localization error,surpassing the accuracy of competing ***,this noteworthy achievement was attained with minimal reliance on reference points,underscoring the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed model in accurately estimating user locations in indoor environments.

关键词： Localization positioning Bayesian fingerprinting received signal strength(RSS)

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A Hybrid Classification and Identification of Pneumonia Using African Buffalo Optimization and CNN from Chest X-Ray Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2497-2517页

作者： Nasser Alalwan ahmed I.Taloba Amr Abozeid ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani Ali H.Al-Bayatti Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Information System Department Faculty of Computers and InformationAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Cyber Technology Institute(CTI) De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

An illness known as pneumonia causes inflammation in the *** there is so much information available fromvarious X-ray images,diagnosing pneumonia has typically proven *** improve image quality and speed up the diagnosis of pneumonia,numerous approaches have been *** date,several methods have been employed to identify *** Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)has achieved outstanding success in identifying and diagnosing diseases in the fields of medicine and ***,these methods are complex,inefficient,and imprecise to analyze a big number of *** this paper,a new hybrid method for the automatic classification and identification of Pneumonia from chest X-ray images is *** proposed method(ABOCNN)utilized theAfrican BuffaloOptimization(ABO)algorithmto enhanceCNNperformance and *** Weinmed filter is employed for pre-processing to eliminate unwanted noises from chest X-ray images,followed by feature extraction using the Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix(GLCM)*** features are then selected from the dataset using the ABO algorithm,and ultimately,high-performance deep learning using the CNN approach is introduced for the classification and identification of *** results on various datasets showed that,when contrasted to other approaches,the ABO-CNN outperforms them all for the classification *** proposed method exhibits superior values like 96.95%,88%,86%,and 86%for accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively.

关键词： African buffalo optimization convolutional neural network pneumonia X-ray

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Boosted photocatalytic removal of NO using direct Z-scheme UiO-66-NH_(2)/Bi_(2)MoO_(6) nanoflowers heterojunction:mechanism insight and humidity effect

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3758-3770页

作者： Jiang-Yu-Shan Liang Hai-Tao Ren Abdelkader Labidi Qiu-Hui Zhu Qi-Bing Dong ahmed A.Allam ahmed Rady Chuan-Yi Wang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710021China Zoology Department Faculty of ScienceBeni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef 6251lEgypt Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud University11451 RiyadhSaudi Arabia

In practical applications,relative humidity in the air is a key factor affecting the photocatalytic removal of NO,which is often overlooked in previous ***,we developed a direct Z-scheme UiO-66-NH_(2)/Bi_(2)MoO_(6)heterojunction with a nanoflower-like structure to systematically investigate the effect of relative humidity on photocatalytic removal of *** optimized heterojunction for the removal efficiency of NO was 71.6%at1.07 mg·m^(-3)NO concentration(relative humidity=10%),and the generation of NO_(2) was only 1.1%.Interestingly,with the increase in relative humidity,it showed a higher inhibition effect on NO_(2),while the removal of NO decreased slightly(8%),which might be attributed to the affinity effect of NO_(2) with water molecules and the competitive adsorption of H_(2)O and NO on the surface of the heterojunction ***,the reaction pathways of NO removal at the developed heterojunctions were revealed by in situ DRIFTS *** work provides a novel vision for the development of direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts to effectively remove NO and inhibit the formation of toxic intermediate NO_(2) under different humidities.

关键词： NO removal Relative humidity Direct Z-scheme Bismuth molybdate Visible-light photocatalysis

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Appropriate Combination of Crossover Operator and Mutation Operator in Genetic Algorithms for the Travelling Salesman Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2399-2425页

作者： Zakir Hussain ahmed Habibollah Haron Abdullah Al-Tameem Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru81310Malaysia College of Computer and Information Sciences Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Genetic algorithms(GAs)are very good metaheuristic algorithms that are suitable for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization *** a set of solutions represented by a population of chromosomes and then uses the idea of survival of the fittest in the selection process to select some fitter *** uses a crossover operator to create better offspring chromosomes and thus,converges the ***,it uses a mutation operator to explore the unexplored areas by the crossover operator,and thus,diversifies the GA search space.A combination of crossover and mutation operators makes the GA search strong enough to reach the optimal ***,appropriate selection and combination of crossover operator and mutation operator can lead to a very good GA for solving an optimization *** this present paper,we aim to study the benchmark traveling salesman problem(TSP).We developed several genetic algorithms using seven crossover operators and six mutation operators for the TSP and then compared them to some benchmark TSPLIB *** experimental studies show the effectiveness of the combination of a comprehensive sequential constructive crossover operator and insertion mutation operator for the *** GA using the comprehensive sequential constructive crossover with insertion mutation could find average solutions whose average percentage of excesses from the best-known solutions are between 0.22 and 14.94 for our experimented problem instances.

关键词： Travelling salesman problem genetic algorithms crossover operator mutation operator comprehensive sequential constructive crossover insertion mutation

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青藏高原及其周边寒武纪综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 968-991页

作者：孙智新孙郎赵方臣潘兵 Malik Muhammad saud Sajid KHAN Shehryar ahmed 杨传苗兰云殷宗军李国祥朱茂炎中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

青藏高原及其周边地区具有漫长且复杂的构造演化历史.印度北部、拉萨、羌塘、柴达木、中祁连等大小不同的克拉通和地块,以及位于它们之间的造山带构成了青藏高原的主体.寒武纪时期,这些克拉通和地块大多位于冈瓦纳大陆的西北缘,并以发... 详细信息

青藏高原及其周边地区具有漫长且复杂的构造演化历史.印度北部、拉萨、羌塘、柴达木、中祁连等大小不同的克拉通和地块,以及位于它们之间的造山带构成了青藏高原的主体.寒武纪时期,这些克拉通和地块大多位于冈瓦纳大陆的西北缘,并以发育与原特提斯洋有关的复杂岩浆-构造运动而与周边的阿拉伯、中伊朗、阿富汗、塔里木、阿拉善、华北、华南和滇缅马等构造单元相关联.从地层记录上看,这一时期区域内的大部分稳定陆块上发育了由陆源碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成的浅水陆棚沉积,其中包含面貌相近的典型浅水相三叶虫组合.而在原特提斯洋中的祁连构造带,寒武系则是一套在大洋扩张环境下形成的、以中基性火山岩和硅质岩为主的复杂地层序列,其中包含的碳酸盐岩含有斜坡相三叶虫组合.本文在广泛文献调研的基础上,结合第二次青藏高原综合科学考察中的野外观察及新获得的化石证据,对青藏高原及其周边地区不同构造单元上寒武纪地层发育的总体特征进行了概述.在此基础上,利用可获得的生物地层学和同位素年代学等资料,总结了不同构造单元上寒武纪地层的划分和年代地层对比,编制了岩石和生物地层的综合对比表.此外,从生物古地理的角度,简要讨论了寒武纪研究区内主要构造单元的古地理相关性,以及与原特提斯构造带演变有关的问题.

关键词：青藏高原寒武系地层古地理生物群冈瓦纳大陆原特提斯洋

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