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Comparative Analysis between Community and Occupants’ Rating Systems for Sustainable Urban Communities (SUC)

Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第11期13卷 881-894页

作者： Mianda Khattab salah El Haggar ahmed El Gendy Environmental Engineering Program The American University Cairo Egypt

Overpopulation globally is an addressed issue impacting human lives, marine lives, and the surrounding ecosystem;it is adding pressure on the available resources that should be optimized to suit the needs. Yet with improper management of resources and monitoring of daily activities, the environment will be further negatively impacted. With overpopulation higher urbanization rates are noticed with the demand of seeking better health facilities, better education, better jobs and better well-being;this progression is driving more demand into the infrastructure sector to be able to accommodate the growth rates. Hence, the need to having sustainable communities aiming at optimizing the resources used, working towards more feasible, environmentally friendly and cost-effective communities with a better occupant’s experience is in action. Sustainable development goals (SDG) are vital goals developed by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in 2015 to address and guide through 17 interconnected global goals serving the previously mentioned trend. Out of the 17 goals, Sustainable Cities and Communities (goal #11) and Good Health and Well-Being (goal #3) are the focus of this paper directed towards holding a comparative analysis between the community scale commonly known and mostly used rating system Leadership of Energy and Environmental Design (LEED-Cities and Communities) (USA) versus similar rating systems like Tarsheed-Communities (Egypt) and Estidama-Pearl (UAE) rating systems meeting sustainable development goal #11. Conjointly, another complimenting comparative review of the occupant’s health and wellbeing rating systems, such as Fitwel (USA) and Well (USA) are studied under sustainable development goal #3;however, they are focused on a building scale assessment. Living Community Challenge (LCC, USA) rating system linking community rating system with health & wellbeing credits was first issued in 2006, yet is it not cost effective neither easy to apply acting a

关键词： Sustainable Communities Sustainable Community Rating Systems Occupant’s Health & Well-Being Rating System SDG#3 (Good Health and Well-Being) SDG#11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities)

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Nanoflower ZnO thin-film grown by hydrothermal technique based Schottky diode

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Journal of Semiconductors 2020年第10期41卷 25-28页

作者： Ghusoon M.Ali ahmed K.Khalid salah M.Swadi Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq

This paper reports the realization of planar Schottky diodes based on nanorod ZnO thin *** nanorod ZnO thin film was fabricated by hydrothermal technique on boron doped p-type Si(100)*** Ag//ZnO/Al planar diode operating with voltage bias from–3 to 3 *** I–V characteristics clearly indicate that the devices have rectifying *** thermionic emission theory governs the current across the studied Schottky *** device achieved a turn-on voltage of 0.9 V,barrier height 0.69 e V and saturation current of 1.2×10^(–6)*** diode shows a very large ideality factor(n>>2)which is attributed to high interface trap *** surface topology was investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The structural properties of the nanostructured ZnO thin film were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD).The SEM images reveal that the ZnO nanorods grow perpendicular to the substrate with uniformity and high *** XRD pattern illustrates the dominant peak appearing at(002).This intense peak indicates the c-axis orientated phase of the wurtzite ZnO *** demonstrates that the crystals grow uniformly perpendicular to the substrate surface in good agreement with the SEM images.

关键词： ZnO Schottky diode thin film

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Rituximab Induced Vasculitis: Dose the Antigen-Antibody Complex of Rituximab Play a Role in Developing Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis?—A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 89-94页

作者： ahmed A. AlTaroti Zahra Z. AlZahir salah Abohelaika Department of Internal Medicine Qatif Central Hospital Qatif Saudi Arabia Research Centre Qatif Central Hospital Qatif Saudi Arabia

Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that targets CD20, which is a specific B-cell surface antigen. It was the first monoclonal antibody that was approved for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, rheumatoid arthritis, and other cutaneous lymphoid malignancies. There are many off-label uses of rituximab, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, multiple sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and chronic immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Among the rare side effects associated with rituximab treatment is vasculitis, more specifically, leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Here, we describe a 21-year-old Saudi female with leukocytoclastic vasculitis occurring three months after treatment with rituximab.

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Rituximab Vasculitis Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

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美国K-12 STEM课程中工程教育的研究

美国K-12 STEM课程中工程教育的研究

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作者： salah Ali Mohammed ahmed 陕西师范大学

学位级别：硕士

国际上,美国等越来越多国家的中小学教育工作者、政策制定者的关注点正在转向开发更多的融合式课程,将工程学融合于其他学科,比如整合于幼儿园、中小学STEM教育中,就是其中的一个例子。研究表明,工程学是STEM融合课程的的必备要素。然而... 详细信息

国际上,美国等越来越多国家的中小学教育工作者、政策制定者的关注点正在转向开发更多的融合式课程,将工程学融合于其他学科,比如整合于幼儿园、中小学STEM教育中,就是其中的一个例子。研究表明,工程学是STEM融合课程的的必备要素。然而,尽管工程学融合于K-12教育方面已经取得不少进步,教育工作者和政策制定者还没有确定如何最好地将工程整合到STEM学科实践中。由于缺乏共识,已有的工程课程很多是根据不同的标准开发的。然而,一些工程课程却并未具体体现出工程学科的特色。另外,由于独立的工程课程标准的缺失,已有的STEM课程采用了其他学科的不同标准。因此,本研究旨在探究美国K-12 STEM教育中工程课程的现状,研究问题聚焦于美国K-12阶段STEM课程中的工程教育,进一步研究了在一些有代表性的小学课程中工程课程是如何呈现的。为了确定目前美国最有影响(在多个州、有大量使用者)的从幼儿园到12年级的STEM课程材料,作者通过多种渠道进行了检索与分析(例如互联网检索、文献研究和咨询专家等)。本研究最后确定了35种STEM课程材料,探索了包含工程教育的STEM课程特点及其遵循的标准。然后,采用定性文本分析方法对聚焦于三种含有工程教育的STEM课程作为案例进行了深度分析。分析基于多种的框架来回答研究的子问题。此外,本研究采用内容分析的定量方法呈现研究发现。研究结果显示,美国在K-12教育阶段已经存在多个聚焦于工程教育的STEM课程。大多数课程有教师专业发展计划和工程工具包,这些课程大多与《下一代科学标准》(Next Generation Science Standards)保持一致,并包含一些数学和英语语言标准。有些项目采用特定标准,如技术标准、计算机标准或其他专业标准。研究发现,所选的三种有代表性的课程中都有不同的工程学主题内容。工程学主题,如工程设计、思维技能、工程师的角色以及在工程中科学和数学知识的应用,在选定的材料中出现频率较高。沟通能力、团队合作、工程道德和工程对社会的影响等主题的出现频次较低。学习目标主要集中在理解和应用水平。布鲁姆学习目标分类法的高级水平目标,如创造和评价,具有中等呈现频率,需要有更高的要求。另外,结果还表明,这些课程建议教师使用不同的技术和工具来辅助工程学习。这些工程学习辅助工具大多属于简单和自然的材料,成本相对较低;只有一个项目使用计算机、仿真技术和机器人等技术。在选定的样本中,没有项目使用3D打印机和增强/虚拟现实等新技术。最后,分析表明,在评估方法方面,选定的课程更倾向于使用直接观察、测验、讨论和量规等方法来评估学习者。课程几乎忽略了一些其他形式的评估,如使用书面报告或评估学生陈述的技能,这些方法可以评估学生更深刻的理解和多元化的学习成果。简而言之,本研究在宏观层面展示了美国有影响力和代表性的、将工程学纳入K-12教育的工程学课程的全貌。在微观层面,从质量、学习目标、技术、支持材料和评估方法等方面分析了所选课程的优势和弱势。这些发现可能鼓励和指导决策者、STEM教育工作者、课程开发人员和其他利益相关者通过制定更具体的工程课程标准和开发工程课程来提高STEM课程的融合程度,以满足本土化的需求。

关键词：内容分析工程标准工程教材工程教育 STEM教育科学教育

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Comparative Analysis of Building Rating Systems and Occupant Rating Systems

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第4期14卷 285-296页

作者： Rana Al Kady salah El-Haggar ahmed El-Gendy School of Sciences and Engineering The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt

To begin with, rating systems are a beneficial tool in determining the efficiency of a building’s ability to utilise its resources effectively. In this study, the two elements under comparison are the Building Rating Systems (BRSs) and Occupant Rating Systems (ORSs). The main objective of this paper is to be able to examine the most commonly applied international and national BRS and ORS and, based on that, discover the possibility of developing an integration of both the BRS and ORS into one rating system. Quite simply, a BRS is a method by which buildings are assessed and given a score based on numerous features such as the efficiency of each of the services, total energy consumption, and alternate options of consumption. There are various BRSs that are implemented globally, each with its own set of criteria and specifications. Thus, based on the analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of both types of rating systems, it could be deduced that a well-rounded rating system with all technical and non-technical aspects combined would be beneficial to both the efficiency of the building as well as the building occupants’ health and well-being.

关键词： Building Rating Systems Energy Efficiency Net-Zero Buildings Occupancy Rating Systems Renewable Energy Technologies

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Alternate Two Different Modes of Actions of Green Chemicals to Combat Batrachedra amydraula Meyrick and Cadra cautella Walk on Date Palm Fruit, Egypt

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第6期4卷 529-534页

作者： ahmed Amin Sayed Sobhy ahmed Temerak salah Mahmood Mohmed Gameel Amr Moussa Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Ministry of Agricu#ure (MOA) Cairo 11728 Egypt Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Assiut University Assiut 71515 .Egypt Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center MOA Cairo 11728 Egypt Research & Development Department Dow Agro Sciences Company Indianapolis 46268 USA

Alternate two different modes of actions of green chemicals： spinosad ＆ methoxyfenozide to combat the lesser date moth, Batrachedra amydraula and the Almond moth, Cadra cautella Walk on dates in Dakhla Oasis, New Valley, Egypt were done in 2010 and 201 I. Based on infestation of the early insect pest B. amydraula, the three-rotation program with basic 1st spray of spinosad 24 SC at 20 mL/100 L showed insignificant difference. Based on minimum effective rotation doses, alternating spinosad 24 SC at 20 mL/100 L, then methoxyfenozide 24 SC at 15 mL/100 L with two-week interval showed zero infestation and 1.8% at the last sample of 2010 and 2011, respectively. Based on infestation of the late insect pest, Cadra spp., tlhe same previous trend of the three-rotation results. Based on minimum effective rotation doses, alternating spinosad 24 SC at 20 mL/100 L, then methoxyfenozid 24 SC at 15 mL/100 L with three-week interval indicated less than 1% and 1% infestation during harvest for 2010 and 201 l, respectively. The last reflected important value when storing the fruit. Both products proved to be working under dry hot high temperatures.

关键词： Alternation green chemicals B. amydraula Cadra cautella date fruit.

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Detailed investigation of optimized alkali catalyzed transesterification of Jatropha oil for biodiesel production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2015年第3期24卷 331-336页

作者： Waqas ahmed Muhammad Faizan Nazar Syed Danish Ali Usman Ali Rana salah Ud-Din Khan National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Campus Office of Research Innovation and CommercializationUniversity of Gujrat Department of Chemistry University of Gujrat Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET) Center College of EngineeringPO-Box 800King Saud University

The non-edible oils are believed to be one of the major feedstock for the production of biodiesel in *** the present study,we investigated the production of Jatropha oil methyl esters（JOMEs） via alkali-catalyzed transesterification *** biophysical characteristics of Jatropha oil were found within the optimal range in accordance with ASTM standards as a substitute diesel *** chemical composition and production yield of as-synthesized biodiesel were confirmed by various analytical techniques such as FT-IR,1H NMR,13 C NMR and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.A high percentage conversion,～96.09%,of fatty acids into esters was achieved under optimized transesterification conditions with 6 ：1 oil to methanol ratio and 0.9 wt% Na OH for 50 min at ～60°***,twelve fatty acids methyl esters（FAME） were quantified in the GC/MS analysis and it was interesting to note that the mass fragmentation pattern of saturated,monounsaturated and diunsaturated FAME was comparable with the literature reported values.

关键词： Jatropha oil methyl esters transesterification biodiesel fuel gas chromatography mass spectrometry

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Rotate Two Different Mode of Actions of Green Chemicals to Combat Virachola livia （Klug） on Date Palm Fruit, Egypt

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第7期4卷 620-625页

作者： Sobhy ahmed Temerak ahmed Amin Sayed salah Mahmoud Mohamed Gameel Amr Moussa Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Assiut University Assiut 71515 Egypt Plant protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Cairo 11728 Egypt Plant protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center MOA Cairo 1172 Egypt Research & Development Department Dow Agro Sciences Company Cairo 11771 Egypt

Alternation of two different modes of action of green chemicals： spinosad and methoxyfenozide to combat Virachola livia on dates in Dakhla Oasis, New Valley, Egypt, were done in 2010 and 2011. Based on infestation levels in fruit, the three spray programs including rotations with spinosad 24 SC at 20 mL/100 L were not significantly different. Based on minimum effective rotation doses, alternation of spinosad at 20 mL/100 L followed by methoxyfenozide 24 SC at 15 mL/100 L on a three-week interval showed 0.3% and 0.6% infestation, before harvest for 2010 and 2011, respectively, compared to check treatments which showed 33% and 70% infestations. Also, successful penetration and survival of V. livia （% live larvae） into the fruit by following a spinosad and methoxyfenozide rotation program resulted in 1.8% and 1% larvae, before harvest in 2010 and 2011, respectively, compared to fhait infestation levels of 97% and 89% in the untreated in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Fruit were penetrated by first instar larvae upon hatching, in case no chemical treatment. The last data reflect the excellent performance of this rotation. During the same period, reduction of the three rotation programs was 97.8%-100% and 99%-100% for 2010 and 2011, respectively. Both products proved to be working under dry hot temperatures in these areas.

关键词： Alternation green chemicals V. livia date fruit.

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Primary Debulking Surgery for Stage III Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Has a Better Outcome Than Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Interval Debulking Surgery

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2020年第3期11卷 142-153页

作者： Anwar Tawfik Amin Badawy M. ahmed ahmed Refaat Sileem ahmed Sileem salah Mabrouk Khallaf Surgical Oncology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt Medical Oncology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Al-Alzhar University Assiut Egypt

Background:?Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. About 70% of ovarian cancer patients have advanced disease and often not totally resectable. Previous studies of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) versus primary debulking surgery (PDS) give inconsistent results. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the outcome of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by IDS versus PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy for the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III epithelial ovarian cancer.?Methods:?This study was performed on eligible patients with ovarian cancer admitted in Surgical Oncology and Medical Oncology departments at South Egypt Cancer Institute-Assiut University in the period from January 2010 to December 2015. Patients were divided into two groups, the first group included those who have NACT and underwent IDS plus adjuvant chemotherapy, and the second group included those who underwent PDS followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.?Results:?This study included 380 cases. One hundred and fifty-four patients (40.53%) had IDS. The remaining two hundred and twenty-six patients (59.47%) underwent PDS. In this study, treatment modality was significant for both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). DFS was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS (median DFS: 33.00 months vs. 45.00 months, respectively;p??0.001). Also, OS was significantly reduced after IDS when compared to PDS. (Median OS: 43 months vs. 46 months, respectively;p = 0.047). Moreover, this drop of the survivals mainly occurred in specific subgroups such as the elderly patients, patients with bad performance status, suboptimal cytoreduction, as well as high-grade tumors. Conclusion:?This study showed that PDS resulted in a better disease-free survival and overall survival than IDS. Moreover, OS and DFS have significantly dropped in specific patients’ subgroups. Therefore, patien

关键词： Primary Debunking Surgery Interval Debunking Surgery Stage III Ovarian Cancer Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus in a Sudanese Surgical Ward

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2012年第1期3卷 103-108页

作者： salah Ibrahim Kheder Nagla A. Ali ahmed Ibrahim Fathelrahman 不详

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is important nosocomial pathogen. Aim: In this paper, we determined the prevalence and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of (MRSA) in a Sudanese surgical ward. Method: A total of 200 post-operative surgical specimens were collected from patients hospitalized in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) surgical ward in Ibn Sina hospital, Khartoum, Sudan and were subjected to MRSA screening and sensitivity test. Key findings: Out of 35 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from surgical samples, 25 (71.4%) were found to be MRSA. Almost all MRSA strains were resistance to Methicillin, 96% to Ofloxacin, 92% to Pencillin G, 24% to Amikacin and 4% to Vancomycin. Cross-resistance was obviously detected. Conclusion: The present study detected alarming levels of S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, at the same time presence of high cross-resistance to other antibiotics.

关键词： Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Sudanese Hospitals Antimicrobial Sensitivity Infection Control Antibiotic Policy

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