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Impacts of climate change on water quantity, water salinity, food security, and socioeconomy in Egypt

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 17-27页

作者： Mohie El Din Mohamed Omar ahmed moustafa ahmed moussa Reinhard Hinkelmann National Water Research Center Fum Ismailiya CanalShoubra El-Kheima 13411Egypt International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Cairo 2416Egypt Nile Research Institute(NRI) National Water Research CenterEl-Qanater 13621Egypt Department of Water Engineering Technische Universit€at Berlin(TU Berlin)Campus El GounaEl Gouna 84513Egypt

Climate change might have direct impacts on water quantity in Egypt and lead to indirect effects on Mediterranean saltwater intrusion to groundwater,which exposes agriculture to vulnerability.This study investigated impacts of climate change on agriculture,with particular regard to food security and socioeconomy,and quantified the effectiveness of cropping pattern adaptation measures by integrating three mathematical models.The BlueM model was used for hydrological simulations of Nasser Lake under flooding scenarios to predict the water supply from the High Aswan Dam.The water and salinity balance(WB-SAL)model was adopted to estimate the water salinity in the Nile Delta.The simulated results from the BlueM and WB-SAL models were integrated with the agricultural simulation model for Egypt(ASME)to project cropping patterns,food security,and socioeconomy throughout the country.The results showed that future climate change will directly affect the total crop area;crop areas for 13 crop types;the self-sufficiency of wheat,rice,cereal,and maize supplies;and socioeconomic indicators.The proposed cropping pattern adaptation measures focus on fixing the crop areas of rice and orchards and providing half of the population with lentils,maize,onion,vegetables,milk,and meat.The adaptation measures have the potential to promote food security without causing deterioration of the socioeconomic situation.However,water availability has much more significant effects on food security and socioeconomy than cropping pattern adaptation measures do.Accordingly,the country should rationalize water use efficiency and increase water supply.©2021 Hohai University.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Climate change Water quantity Salinity Cropping pattern adaptation measures Food security Socioeconomy

Analysis of the Characteristics of Materials Obtained by Recycling Scrap Metal in Guinea

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Alpha Issa Diallo Jean ahmed Kourouma Adama moussa Sakho Alexandre Lucien Richard Mechanical Laboratory Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamou 063Republic of Guinea Materials Laboratory of Gamal Abdel Nasser University ConakryMamou1147Republic of Guinea Department of Laboratory Technology Higher Institute of Technology of MamouMamou 063Republic of Guinea

The aim of this study was to determine the quality of rebar produced from recycled scrap metal collected throughout the country,and imported rebar sold in the Republic of Guinea.To do this,the samples were subjected to various mechanical tests involving traction,bending and microscopic analysis.In the Lambanyi and Casse Sonfonia samples,all the tensile strength values for diameters 12,14 and 16 were above 550 MPa.Conversely,the iron samples from Baillobaye and the 10 mm diameters of the samples from Casse Sonfonio and Lambanyi have less appreciable values.The limits of elasticity were determined.The various values found vary more or less from the conventional yield strength of the NF A35-016 reference supplied by CBITEC,which is 500 MPa.Microscopic analysis gives us an insight into the internal structure of the iron samples used.This study may provide the company and the vendors with an alternative for their improvements.

关键词： Steel in construction recycled scrap strength test traction bending.

Total hip arthroplasty for post-firearm hip arthritis complicated by coloarticular fistula:A case report

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2023年第6期26卷 369-374页

作者： ahmed M.Abdelaal Mohammad Kamal Abdelnasser Mohamed MA.moustafa ahmed Mohamed Ali Haisam Atta ahmed A.Khalifa Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department Assiut University HospitalAssiutEgypt General Surgery Department Assiut University HospitalAssiutEgypt Radiology Department Assiut University HospitalAssiutEgypt Orthopedic Department Qena Faculty of Medicine and University HospitalSouth Valley UniversityQenaEgypt

Hip firearm injuries are rare injuries that could lead to serious complications,such as posttraumatic hip arthritis and coloarticular fistula.We report a case of a 25-year-old male who sustained a pelvic injury caused by a single bullet which led to a bilateral acetabular fracture,concomitant with a colon injury treated on an emergency basis by a diverting colostomy;acetabular fractures were treated conservatively by traction.After the patient recovered from the abdominal injury,he was presented with bilateral hip pain and limited motion;plain radiographs showed bilateral hip arthritis with proximal migration of the femoral head and bilateral acetabular defect classified as Paprosky type IIIA.Reconstruction of the hips was performed using the same technique:impaction bone grafting for acetabular defect reconstruction and a reversed hybrid total hip arthroplasty(THA)6 months apart.The patient presented with loosening of the left THA acetabular cup 3 years later,which was revised;then he presented with a discharging sinus from the left THA with suspicion of coloarticular fistula,which was confirmed using CT with contrast material.A temporary colostomy and fistula excision were performed,and a cement spacer was applied to the hip.After clearing the infection,a final revision THA for the left hip was performed.Treating post-firearm hip arthritis by THA is challenging,especially in the situation of neglected cases with the presence of an acetabular defect.Concomitant intestinal injury increases the risk of infection with the possibility of coloarticular fistula formation,which could present later.Working with a multidisciplinary team is paramount.

关键词： Hip firearm injury Total hip arthroplasty Secondary hip osteoarthritis Coloarticular fistula

Combined anterior and posterior ring fixation versus posterior ring fixation alone in the management of unstable Tile B and C pelvic ring injuries:A randomized controlled trial

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2023年第1期26卷 48-59页

作者： Islam Sayed moussa ahmed Mohammed Sallam Amr Khairy Mahmoud Elzaher Hassan Elzaher Amr Mohammed Nagy ahmed Salem Eid Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairo11522Egypt

Purpose: Combined anterior and posterior ring (APR) fixation is classically performed in Tile B2 and C1 injuries to achieve superior biomechanical stability.However,the posterior ring (PR) is the main weight bearing portion that is responsible for weight transmission from the upper parts of the body to the lower limbs through the sacrum and the linea terminalis.It is hypothesized that isolated PR fixation can achieve comparable radiological and clinical outcomes to APR fixation.Therefore,we conducted this study to compare the two fixation principles in managing Tile B2 and C1 injuries.Methods: Our study included 20 patients with Tile B2 injuries and 20 patients with Tile C1 injuries.This study was a randomized control single-blinded study via computerized random numbers with a 1:1 allocation by using random block method.The study was performed at a level one trauma center.A total of 40 patients with Tile B2 and C1 injuries underwent combined APR or isolated PR fixation (Group A and B,respectively).Matta & Tornetta radiological principles and Majeed pelvic scoring system were used for the assessment of primary outcomes and postoperative complications.Secondary outcomes included operative time,amount of blood loss,intraoperative assessment of reduction,need of another operation,length of hospital stay,ability to weight bear postoperatively and pain control metrics.We used studentt-test to compare the difference in means between two groups,and Chi-square test to compare proportions between two qualitative parameters.We set the confidence interval to 95% and the margin of error accepted to 5%.So,p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The mean follow-up duration was 18 months.The operative time (mean difference 0.575 h) and the intraoperative blood loss (mean difference 97.5 mL) were lower in Group B.Also,despite the higher frequency of rami displacement before union in the same group,there were no significant differences in terms of radiological outcome (excellent outcome withOR = 2.357),clinical

关键词： Tile B2 and C1 injuries Percutaneous sacroiliac screw Posterior ring fixation Radiological outcome Majeed pelvic score

On Learning Adaptive Service Compositions

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2021年第4期30卷 465-481页

作者： ahmed moustafa Department of Computer Science Nagoya Institute of TechnologyGokiso-choShowa-kuNagoyaAichi466-8555Japan Faculty of Informatics Zagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt

Service composition is an important and effective technique that enables atomic services to be combined together to forma more powerful service,i.e.,a composite service.With the pervasiveness of the Internet and the proliferation of interconnected computing devices,it is essential that service composition embraces an adaptive service provisioning perspective.Reinforcement learning has emerged as a powerful tool to compose and adapt Web services in open and dynamic environments.However,the most common applications of reinforcement learning algorithms are relatively inefficient in their use of the interaction experience data,whichmay affect the stability of the learning process when deployed to cloud environments.In particular,they make just one learning update for each interaction experience.This paper introduces a novel approach that aims to achieve greater data efficiency by saving the experience data and using it in aggregate to make updates to the learned policy.The proposed approach devises an offline learning scheme for cloud service composition where the online learning task is transformed into a series of supervised learning tasks.A set of algorithms is proposed under this scheme in order to facilitate and empower efficient service composition in the cloud under various policies and different scenarios.The results of our experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed approach for composing and adapting cloud services,especially under dynamic environment settings,compared to their online learning counterparts.

关键词： Service composition reinforcement learning cloud services offline learning

Numerical and experimental analyses of rock failure mechanisms due to microwave treatment

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第10期15卷 2483-2495页

作者： Haitham M.ahmed Adel Ahmadihosseini Ferri Hassani Mohammed A.Hefni HussinA.M.ahmed Hussein A.Saleem Essam B.moustafa Agus P.Sasmito Mining Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A0E8Canada Mechanical Engineering Department King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

Despite the extensive studies conducted on the effectiveness of microwave treatment as a novel rock preconditioning method,there is yet to find reliable data on the rock failure mechanisms due to microwave heating.In addition,there is no significant discussion on the energy efficiency of the method as one of the important factors among the mining and geotechnical engineers in the industry.This study presents a novel experimental method to evaluate two main rock failure mechanisms due to microwave treatment without applying any mechanical forces,i.***.distributed and concentrated heating.The result shows that the existence of a small and concentrated fraction of a strong microwave absorbing mineral will change the failure mechanism from the distributed heating to the concentrated heating,which can increase the weakening over microwave efficiency(WOME)by more than 10 folds.This observation is further investigated using the developed coupled numerical model.It is shown that at the same input energy,the existence of microwave absorbing minerals can cause major heat concentration inside the rock and increase the maximum temperature by up to three times.

关键词： Microwave treatment Numerical modeling Failure mechanism Energy efficiency Rock pre-conditioning

Shadow Extraction and Elimination of Moving Vehicles for Tracking Vehicles

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2009-2030页

作者： Kalpesh Jadav Vishal Sorathiya Walid El-Shafai Torki Altameem moustafa HAly Vipul Vekariya Kawsar ahmed Francis MBui Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyParul Institute of Engineering and TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujarat391760India Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia Electronics and Communications Engineering Department College of Engineering and TechnologyArab Academy for ScienceTechnology and Maritime TransportAlexandria1029Egypt Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyParul Institute of Engineering and TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujarat391760India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N5A9Canada

Shadow extraction and elimination is essential for intelligent transportation systems(ITS)in vehicle tracking application.The shadow is the source of error for vehicle detection,which causes misclassification of vehicles and a high false alarm rate in the research of vehicle counting,vehicle detection,vehicle tracking,and classification.Most of the existing research is on shadow extraction of moving vehicles in high intensity and on standard datasets,but the process of extracting shadows from moving vehicles in low light of real scenes is difficult.The real scenes of vehicles dataset are generated by self on the Vadodara–Mumbai highway during periods of poor illumination for shadow extraction of moving vehicles to address the above problem.This paper offers a robust shadow extraction of moving vehicles and its elimination for vehicle tracking.The method is distributed into two phases:In the first phase,we extract foreground regions using a mixture of Gaussian model,and then in the second phase,with the help of the Gamma correction,intensity ratio,negative transformation,and a combination of Gaussian filters,we locate and remove the shadow region from the foreground areas.Compared to the outcomes proposed method with outcomes of an existing method,the suggested method achieves an average true negative rate of above 90%,a shadow detection rate SDR(η%),and a shadow discrimination rate SDR(ξ%)of 80%.Hence,the suggested method is more appropriate for moving shadow detection in real scenes.

关键词： Change illuminations ImageJ software intelligent traffic systems mixture of Gaussian model National Institute of Health vehicle tracking

Real-Time Multi-Class Infection Classification for Respiratory Diseases

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 4157-4177页

作者： ahmed El.Shafee Walid El-Shafai Abdulaziz Alarifi Mohammed Amoon Aman Singh moustafa H.Aly Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAhram Canadian UniversityGizaEgypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Computer Science Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Higher Polytechnic School Universidad Europea del AtlánticoSantander39011Spain Electronics and Communications Engineering Department College of Engineering and TechnologyArab Academy for ScienceTechnology and Maritime TransportAlexandria1029Egypt

Real-time disease prediction has emerged as the main focus of study in the field of computerized medicine.Intelligent disease identification framework can assist medical practitioners in diagnosing disease in a way that is reliable,consistent,and timely,successfully lowering mortality rates,particularly during endemics and pandemics.To prevent this pandemic’s rapid and widespread,it is vital to quickly identify,confine,and treat affected individuals.The need for auxiliary computer-aided diagnostic(CAD)systems has grown.Numerous recent studies have indicated that radiological pictures contained critical information regarding the COVID-19 virus.Utilizing advanced convolutional neural network(CNN)architectures in conjunction with radiological imaging makes it possible to provide rapid,accurate,and extremely useful susceptible classifications.This research work proposes a methodology for real-time detection of COVID-19 infections caused by the Corona Virus.The purpose of this study is to offer a two-way COVID-19(2WCD)diagnosis prediction deep learning system that is built on Transfer Learning Methodologies(TLM)and features customized fine-tuning on top of fully connected layered pre-trained CNN architectures.2WCD has applied modifications to pre-trained models for better performance.It is designed and implemented to improve the generalization ability of the classifier for binary and multi-class models.Along with the ability to differentiate COVID-19 and No-Patient in the binary class model and COVID-19,No-Patient,and Pneumonia in the multi-class model,our framework is augmented with a critical add-on for visually demonstrating infection in any tested radiological image by highlighting the affected region in the patient’s lung in a recognizable color pattern.The proposed system is shown to be extremely robust and reliable for real-time COVID-19 diagnostic prediction.It can also be used to forecast other lung-related disorders.As the system can assist medical practitioners in diagnosing the greatest number of patients

关键词： COVID-19 real-time computerized disease prediction intelligent disease identification framework CAD systems X-rays CT-scans CNN real-time detection of COVID-19 infections

Inverse Gas Chromatographic Study of the Oxidation Stability of Lubricating Base Oils via Solubility Parameter Calculations

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色谱 2007年第6期25卷 871-875页

作者： moustafa Nagy Emam EISSA Elham ahmed Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute

The Flory-Huggins interaction parameter(χ1,2∞) and solubility parameter(δ2) and its hydrogen bonding sensing component(δh) were determined using inverse gas chromatography(IGC).These parameters were successfully used in the probes of chemical changes that occur during the oxidation of naphthenic and paraffinic base oils in a GC column.Changes in χ1,2∞ values reflect the different types of intermolecular interactions(dispersive,polar,hydrogen bonding) of the given lubricating base oil during oxidation.The obtained results showed that δh component of solubility parameter is the most important parameter for probing the oxidative-chemical changes during the oxidation of given lubricating oils.

关键词：反相气相色谱氧化稳定性润滑原油溶解参数计算