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m.chine learning for intrusion detection in industrial control system.:challenges and lessons from.experim.ntal evaluation

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Cybersecurity 2021年第1期4卷 415-426页

作者： Gautham. Ram.n m.R. Chuadhry m.jeeb ahmed Aditya m.thur iTrust Singapore University of Technology and Design(SUTD)8 Somapah RdSingapore 487372Singapore University of Strathclyde 16 Richmond StGlasgow G11XQUnited Kingdom

Gradual increase in the num.er of successful attacks against Industrial Control System.(ICS)has led to an urgent need to create defense m.chanism. for accurate and tim.ly detection of the resulting process *** this end,a class of anom.ly detectors,created using data-centric approaches,are gaining *** m.chine learning algorithm. such approaches can autom.tically learn the process dynam.cs and control strategies deployed in an *** use of these approaches leads to relatively easier and faster creation of anom.ly detectors com.ared to the use of design-centric approaches that are based on plant physics and *** the advantages,there exist significant challenges and im.lem.ntation issues in the creation and deploym.nt of detectors generated using m.chine learning for city-scale *** this work,we enum.rate and discuss such *** presented is a series of lessons learned in our attem.t to m.et these challenges in an operational plant.

关键词： Industrial control system. ICS security m.chine learning Intrusion detection Testbed and experim.ntal Study

Clinical Outcom. of Decom.ressive Craniectom. Operation for the m.nagem.nt of Acute Traum.tic Brain Injury

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Open Journal of m.dern Neurosurgery 2019年第3期9卷 281-291页

作者： ahmed Elsharkawy ahmed m. Ali Departm.nt of Neurosurgery Cairo University Giza Egypt

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of Decom.ressive Craniectom. (DC) on the postoperative clinical state of the patient to define a line of m.nagem.nt of these cases. Take in considerations the surrounding circum.tances of the patient till he reaches the ER in Egypt and the hospital resources. m.thods: 200 patients suffering from.acute traum.tic brain injury causing DCL resulted from.different pathologies causing increased ICP. In group A, patients with acute TBI were m.naged by surgical intervention in the form.of Decom.ressive Craniectom. and in the control group B, patients were m.naged by m.dical treatm.nt. The age range was from.8 to 65 with no history of associated m.dical disorders with exclusion criteria of non-traum.tic causes of increased ICP. Results: Data collected showed: m.le to fem.le ratio of 3:1. The m.st com.on m.de of injury was falling from.height. m.an tim. from.injury to operative intervention was 4 hours. The leading initial sym.tom. were DCL. In group A the overall m.rtality was 60%, functional recovery rate was 30%, and left severely disabled or vegetative was 10%. 50% of the cases had associated injury. 20% suffered from.post-operative com.lications. Conclusion: DC is the ideal solution for the m.nagem.nt of acute TBI with persistent increased ICP when the other m.dical m.nagem.nt fails, given an early intervention and taking into consideration other factors affecting surgical outcom..

关键词： Decom.ressive Craniectom. “DC” Traum.tic Brain Injury “TBI” Intracranial Pressure “ICP”

Im.act Assessm.nt and m.tigation Techniques for High Penetration Levels of Renewable Energy Sources in Distribution Networks:Voltage-control Perspective

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Journal of m.dern Power System. and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 450-458页

作者： ahmed S.A.Awad Dave Turcotte Tarek H.m.El-Fouly Natural Resources Canada Can-metENERGYVarennesCanadaon leave from the Electrical Power and Machines DepartmentFaculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11566Egyp Natural Resources Canada CanmetENERGYVarennesCanada Advanced Power and Energy Center Khalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

The integration of renewable distributed generation(RDG)into distribution networks is prom.sing and increasing ***,high penetration levels of distributed generation(DG)are often lim.ted as they m.y have an adverse effect on the operation of distribution *** of the operation challenges is the interaction between DG and voltage-control equipm.nt,e.g.,an under-load tap changer(ULTC),which is basically designed to com.ensate for voltage changes caused by slow load *** integration of variable DGs leads to rapid voltage fluctuations,which can negatively affect the tap operation of *** paper investigates the im.act of high penetration levels of RDG on the tap operation of ULTC in distribution networks through *** m.tigation techniques that can alleviate this im.act are also *** these techniques,constant power-factor m.de is regarded as the best trade-off between the sim.licity and effectiveness of m.nim.zing the num.er of tap *** are perform.d on a Canadian benchm.rk rural distribution feeder using OpenDSS software.

关键词： Renewable energy distributed generation(DG) voltage regulator load tap changer distribution network.

Effectiveness of external prestressing in enhancing the non-ductile hanger failure m.chanism.in reinforced concrete inverted T-beam.

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1050-1065页

作者： ahmed m.ATTA Reda N.BEHIRY m.ham.ed I.HARAZ Structural Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTanta 33511Egypt Nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura 11001Egypt

Recently,inverted T-beam. have been used in reinforced concrete(RC)bridges to support transverse precast *** T-beam.,contrary to practice with conventional beam.,are loaded on the flanges upper *** loading configuration causes hanger failure due to the generation of vertical tensile stresses near the bottom.of the *** key purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of vertical external prestressing stainless-steel bars in m.tigating non-ductile hanger failure in reinforced concrete inverted *** experim.ntal study on six inverted-T beam.,including two un-strengthened specim.ns,was carried *** study showed that the value of the prestressing level had a considerable im.act on the perform.nce of hanger m.chanism.in relation to crack pattern,ultim.te loads,cracking behavior,load-deflection,strains,and *** experim.ntal results indicated that the suggested m.thod for strengthening inverted T-beam. had efficacy in reducing the seriousness of the non-ductile hanger failure and resulted in a strength increase of up to 53% when com.ared to that of the un-strengthened ***,two analytical m.dels for estim.ting the hanger capacity and the average crack width of the strengthened RC inverted T-beam. were *** m.dels that were proposed exhibited a high degree of agreem.nt with the experim.ntal results.

关键词： RC bridges inverted T-beam. strengthening hanger failure external prestressing

A Review on Prim.ry and Secondary Controls of Inverter-interfaced m.crogrid

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Journal of m.dern Power System. and Clean Energy 2021年第5期9卷 969-985页

作者： Kafeel ahmed m.hdi Seyedm.hm.udian Saad m.khilef N.m.m.barak Alex Stojcevski School of Software and Electrical Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyVIC 3122VictoriaAustralia Power Electronics and Renewable Energy Research Laboratory Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University of Technology98009 SarawakMalaysia

The dem.nd of electricity and environm.ntal issues associated with conventional power generation plants are increasing *** technology has transform.d the conventional power system.through the integration of distributed generation(DG).With the help of m.dern power electronic technology,the conventional power system.is able to support the integration of DGs based on renewable energy sources(RESs).The system.tic com.ination of DGs with energy storage system.form. a m.crogrid(m.),which can operate in islanded m.de or grid-connected *** interm.ttent nature of RES and varying load pose substantial obstacles such as voltage and frequency instability,and the unreliability of *** feeder im.edances and non-linear loads are considered as present challenges in m. *** control has been useful in undertaking solutions to these *** paper covers the deep insight of different control m.thods applied at the prim.ry and secondary control levels in hierarchical *** prim.ry control,the classification based on droop and non-droop controls is *** virtual synchronization m.chine(VSm.based control m.thod is *** and frequency restoration control and econom.cal operations at decentralized and centralized secondary control are analyzed in *** on the existing literature,critical discussion on m. control and future trends are also presented to provide future research perspectives.

关键词： Distributed generation(DG) hierarchical control droop control non-droop control inverter

Preparation and characterization of (CeO2)x-(Fe2O3)1-x nanocom.osites:reduction kinetics and hydrogen storage

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Rare m.tals 2020年第3期39卷 218-229页

作者： Shim.a G.Sayed Waleed m.A.El Rouby ahmed A.Farghali m.terials Science and Nanotechnology Departm.nt Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Science(PSAS)Beni-Suef UniversityBeni Suef62511Egypt

A series of nanosized CeO2-Fe2O3 m.xed-oxide nanocom.osites with different Ce4+/Fe3+m.lar ratios were successfully prepared by a co-precipitation *** surface area increased with Fe2O3 content increasing up to 60 wt%in the ***,with further increase in Fe2O3 content,the surface area began to *** reduction processes of the CeO2-Fe2O3 nanocom.osites were studied in a hydrogen atm.sphere at 300-600℃.The reduction rates increased by increasing both the tem.erature and Fe2O3 content in the *** m.crostructure of the reduced com.osites at 500℃illustrated the presence of a considerable num.er of m.cro-and *** activation energy values were calculated which were in the range of 3.56-5.37 kJ m.l-1 at the initial stages(up to 35%reduction)and 5.21-10.2 kJ·m.l-1 at the final stages(up to 80%reduction)of *** rate-controlling m.chanism. in both the initial and final reduction stages were determ.ned,and the initial reaction stage was controlled by com.ined gaseous diffusion and interfacial chem.cal reaction m.chanism. for all the com.osites except for pure CeO2,which was controlled by a chem.cal reaction *** final reaction stage was controlled by a gaseous diffusion m.chanism.for som. com.osites,while for the others it was controlled by com.ined gaseous diffusion and interfacial chem.cal reaction *** hydrogen sorption properties of the nanocom.osites were studied by pressure com.osition isotherm. using a volum.tric *** storage in the nanocom.osites increased by increasing the tem.erature because of the form.tion of oxygen vacancies which enhance atom.c H adsorption and function as strong adsorption sites form.ng m.re m.tal hydride covalent bonds.

关键词： CeO2-Fe2O3 nanocom.osite Reduction kinetics Reduction m.chanism Hydrogen storage Oxygen vacancies

Influence of thyroid volum. reduction on absorbed dose in ^(131)I therapy studied by using Geant4 m.nte Carlo sim.lation

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Chinese Physics C 2014年第5期38卷 62-68页

作者： Ziaur Rahm.n Sikander m.m.rza Waheed Arshed Nasir m.m.rza Waheed ahmed Health Physics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Departm.nt of Physics and Applied m.them.tics Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences

A sim.lation study has been perform.d to quantify the effect of volum. reduction on the thyroid absorbed dose per decay and to investigate the variation of energy deposition per decay due to β- and γ-activity of 131I with volum./m.ss of thyroid, for water, ICRP- and ICRU-soft tissue taken as thyroid m.terial. A m.nte Carlo m.del of the thyroid, in the Geant4 radiation transport sim.lation toolkit was constructed to com.ute the β- and γ-absorbed dose in the sim.lated thyroid phantom.for various values of its volum.. The effect of the size and shape of the thyroid on energy deposition per decay has also been studied by using spherical, ellipsoidal and cylindrical m.dels for the thyroid and varying its volum. in 1-25 cm. range. The relative differences of Geant4 results for different m.dels with each other and m.NP results lie well below 1.870%. The m.xim.m.relative difference am.ng the Geant4 estim.ted results for water with ICRP and ICRU soft tissues is not m.re than 0.225%. S-values for ellipsoidal, spherical and cylindrical thyroid m.dels were estim.ted and the relative difference with published results lies within 3.095%. The absorbed fraction values for beta particles show a good agreem.nt with published values within 2.105% deviation. The Geant4 based sim.lation results of absorbed fractions for gam.as again show a good agreem.nt with the corresponding m.NP and EGS4 results （±6.667%） but have 29.032% higher values than that of m.RD calculated values. Consistent with previous studies, the reduction of the thyroid volum. is found to have a substantial effect on the absorbed dose. Geant4 sim.lations confirm.dose dependence on the volum./m.ss of thyroid in agreem.nt with m.NP and EGS4 com.uted values but are substantially different from.m.RD8 data. Therefore, inclusion of size/m.ss dependence is indicated for 131I radiotherapy of the thyroid.

关键词： m.an absorbed dose rate Geant4 m.nte Carlo sim.lation and 131I therapy

Utilization of Prim.ry Health Care and Its Associated Factors am.ng Wom.n of Childbearing Age Living in m.gadishu-Som.lia

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Health 2020年第12期12卷 1640-1652页

作者： Abdirizak Yusuf ahmed ahmed m. Husein Dem.rtino Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Public Health Capital University of Somalia Mogadishu Somalia

Background: The Som.li people have som. of the worst health indicators in the world, with wom.n and children m.st affected. Despite m.dest im.rovem.nts in m.ternal and child m.rtality rates in the last five years, inequities am.ngst com.unities m.ant that som. children and m.thers are disproportionately exposed to otherwise avoidable and treatable diseases. The broad aim.of this study is to assess utilization of Prim.ry Health Care (PHC) and Its associated factors am.ng Wom.n of Childbearing age living In m.gadishu Som.lia. m.thodology: Descriptive and Analytical cross-sectional com.unity-based study was conducted am.ng Wom.n of Childbearing age that were living in two districts (Hodan and Abdul-Aziz Districts)-m.gadishu-Som.lia-From.m.y 2019 to Septem.er 2019. A total of 395 of Wom.n of Childbearing age were targeted during the study period. Descriptive and analytical statistics was used using Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 statistical software. The data were showed tables, figures and graphs for describing the data. Results: The study found that m.st of respondents were between 15 to 25 years 41.5% (395 sam.le sizes), while the age of group of >45 to 55 was only 6% (395 sam.le size). According to the district 76.5% of respondents were from.Hodan, while 23.5% (395 sam.le size) of respondents were from.Abdul-Aziz district. According to awareness to the need of a pregnant m.ther to be vaccinated at the m.ther and child health (m.H) m.st respondents 48.2% (395 Sam.le size) said that pregnant wom.n m.y or m.y not need to be vaccinated. According to health-seeking decisions only 3% of ever m.rried respondents were m.de by them.elves whilst 97% of them.were m.de by their husband. Age group was not significantly associated with the level of utilization of Prim.ry Health Care (PHC);this is different from.study in Kenya showing that age is an im.ortant factor in determ.ning the use of skilled assis

关键词： Utilization Awareness PHC Hodan Abdul-Aziz

Changes in Germ.nation and Seedling Traits of Sesam. under Sim.lated Drought

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Phyton-International Journal of Experim.ntal Botany 2022年第4期91卷 713-726页

作者： m.khtar ahmed ahmed m.S.Kheir m.ham.ad Zeeshan m.hm.od Shakeel Ahm.d m.rza Hasanuzzam.n Departm.nt of Agronom. PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan International Center for Biosaline Agriculture Directorate of ProgramsDubai14660United Arab Emirates Soils Water and Environment Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Departm.nt of Agronom. Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Departm.nt of Agronom. Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh

Drought is considered one of the leading abiotic constraints to agricultural crop production *** study was conducted to assess the effects of different drought treatm.nts(***,10%PEG,and 20%PEG)on seed germ.nation,germ.nation indices,seedling traits,and drought tolerance indices of *** results showed that m.xim.m.reduction in the studied param.ters was observed at higher PEG concentration(i.e.,20%PEG).As com.ared to control,the drought treatm.nts viz.10%and 20%PEG decreased the values for germ.nation indices,such as germ.nation percentage,coefficient of variation of germ.nation tim.,germ.nation index,and seedling vigor ***,for seedling traits,the values were decreased for root length,shoot length,root shoot ratio,root fresh weight,shoot fresh weight,root dry weight and shoot dry weight under 10%and 20%PEG treatm.nts significantly in com.arison with ***,relative to control,the values for drought tolerance indices,such as germ.nation drought tolerance index,root length drought tolerance index,shoot length drought tolerance index,total seedling length drought tolerance index,root fresh weight drought tolerance index,shoot fresh weight drought tolerance index,total fresh weight drought tolerance index,root dry weight drought tolerance index,shoot dry weight drought tolerance index and total dry weight drought tolerance index were also reduced under 10%and 20%PEG treatm.nts,*** results confirm. that drought im.act on seed germ.nation and seedling traits could be quantified by using different indices which can further help to design drought adaptation and m.tigation *** on these results it can be concluded that germ.nation indices,seedling traits,and drought tolerance indices have great potential to sim.late drought stress im.acts on different crop traits thus they should be used in all kinds of stress related studies.

关键词： Sesam. drought stress PEG germ.nation indices seedling traits drought tolerance indices