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Historical variations in autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to the largest freshwater lake in Central India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第5期37卷 563-575页

作者： Nafees ahmad Satinder Pal Singh Aasif Mohmad Lone Abul Qasim Ravi Bhushan Gyana Ranjan Tripathy Chinmay shah Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Geosciences Division Physical Research Laboratory Department of Earth and Climate Science Indian Institute of Science Education and Research

Lacustrine sediment preserves high-resolution biogeochemical records of past variations in watershed processes controlling lake sedimentation. The current study explores historical variations in autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to a large tropical freshwater lake system(Upper Lake, Bhopal) protected under the international Ramsar Convention of 2002 against anthropogenic pressures. For this purpose, multi-proxy biogeochemical data are presented for organic matter(total organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous, and loss on ignition [LOI] at550°C), carbonate(LOI at 950°C), lithic sediment(aluminum, titanium, iron, calcium, magnesium,sodium, potassium, manganese, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, tantalum, thorium, uranium, and rare earth elements), and anthropogenic inputs(lead) measured in a 38 cm long sediment core retrieved from the lake. In addition to the lacustrine sediment core, the samples of catchment bedrock, surface soils, major stream sediment, and eolian dust collected from the lake periphery also are analyzed. The systematic biogeochemical excursions in the upper core section(top ～8 cm) indicate increased anthropogenic inputs, watershed denudation by agricultural activities, artificially reduced fluvial sediment supply, relatively increased dust inputs and lake eutrophication in the last few decades. The current study underscores the roles of anthropogenic land-use and wetland conservation practices in the rapid alteration of autochthonous and allochthonous sediment supplies to open aquatic ecosystems. Further, rising lake eutrophication levels despite a managed reduction in allochthonous sediment supplies seem challenging to control due to dissolved nutrient supply from urban sewage discharge and runoff from agricultural land in the watershed.

关键词： Upper Lake Sediment Geochemistry Sediment provenance Eutrophication Anthropogenic inputs

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Leaching of styrene and other aromatic compounds in drinking water from PS bottles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第4期19卷 421-426页

作者： Maqbool ahmad ahmad S. Bajahlan Environmental Control Department Directorate General for Royal Commission at Yanbu P.O.Box 30031 Yanbu Al-SinaiyahKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Bottled water may not be safer, or healthier, than tap water. The present studies have proved that styrene and some other aromatic compounds leach continuously from polystyrene （PS） bottles used locally for packaging. Water sapmles in contact with PS were extracted by a preconcentration technique called as ＂purge and trap＂ and analysed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer （GC/MS）. Eleven aromatic compounds were identified in these studies. Maximum concentration of styrene in PS bottles was 29.5 μg/L. Apart from styrene, ethyl benzene, toluene and benzene were also quantified but their concentrations were much less than WHO guide line values. All other compounds were in traces. Quality of plastic and storage time were the major factor in leaching of styrene. Concentration of styrene was increased to 69.53 μg/L after one-year storage. In Styrofoam and PS cups studies, hot water was found to be contaminated with styrene and other aromatic compounds. It was observed that temperature played a major role in the leaching of styrene monomer from Styrofoam cups. Paper cups were found to be safe for hot drinks.

关键词： styrene polystyrene (PS) ethyl benzene leaching styrofoam

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Chemical modification of acetaminophen：PASS assisted in vivo antiinflammatory activity of chalcones,flavanones and Schiff bases

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第8期26卷 611-620页

作者： Syed Misbahul Hasan shah Alam Khan Kavita Golani Jaswinder Lamba Aftab ahmad Asif Husain Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University)New Delhi 110062 India Faculty of Pharmacy Integral University Lucknow UP 226026 India Department of Pharmacy Oman Medical College PO Box 620 Postal code-130 Muscat Sultanate of Oman Health Information Technology Department Jeddah Community College King Abdulaziz University deddah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

In the present study,synthetic chalcones,flavanones and Schiff bases were prepared starting from paraceamol,and evaluated their anticipated anti-inflammatory *** were synthesized by reacting 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy acetanilide and aromatic aldehydes in alcoholic potassium hydroxide(KOH) solution under Claisen-Schmidt condensation *** chalcones were cyclized in the presence of piperidine in isoamyl alcohol to obtain flavonone *** bases were synthesized by condensing 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy anilines with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of *** Schiff bases were further reacted with other aromatic aldehydes in alcoholic KOH *** cheminformatics software was used to predict the anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized *** software predicted that chalcone-based Schiff bases 6a–d contained structural features that can exhibit anti-inflammatory *** the prepared derivatives of acetaminophen exhibited moderate to excellent in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced edema in rat *** the Schiff bases coupled chalcones showed good anti-inflammatory activity compared with the reference drug,*** evaluation of their therapeutic potential and safety profile is required in the future study.

关键词： p-Acetaminophen Anti-inflammatory Chalcone Flavanone

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Indirect Vector Control of Linear Induction Motors Using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6263-6287页

作者： Arjmand Khaliq Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif Fahad ahmad Muhammad Anwar Qaisar shaheen Rizwan Akhtar Muhammad Arif shah Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud Electrical Engineering Department University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore54700Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences Deanship of Common First YearJouf UniversitySakakaAljouf72341Saudi Arabia Department of Information Science Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurRahim Yar Khan Sub CampusPakistan Department of IT and Computer Science Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripurPakistan Department of Information Systems King Khalid UniversityMuhayel Aseer61913Saudi Arabia

Vector control schemes have recently been used to drive linear induction motors(LIM)in high-performance *** trend promotes the development of precise and efficient control schemes for individual *** research aims to present a novel framework for speed and thrust force control of LIM using space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)*** framework under consideration is developed in four *** begin,MATLAB Simulink was used to develop a detailed mathematical and electromechanical *** research presents a modified SVPWM inverter control *** tuning the proportional-integral(PI)controller with a transfer function,optimized values for the PI controller are *** the subsystems mentioned above are integrated to create a robust simulation of the LIM’s precise speed and thrust force control *** reference speed values were chosen to evaluate the performance of the respective system,and the developed system’s response was verified using various data *** the low-speed range,a reference value of 10m/s is used,while a reference value of 100 m/s is used for the high-speed *** speed output response indicates that themotor reached reference speed in amatter of seconds,as the delay time is between 8 and 10 *** maximum amplitude of thrust achieved is less than 400N,demonstrating the controller’s capability to control a high-speed LIM with minimal thrust *** to the controlled speed range,the developed system is highly recommended for low-speed and high-speed and heavy-duty traction applications.

关键词： Space vector pulse width modulation linear induction motor proportional-integral controller indirect vector control electromechanical dynamic modeling

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Overcoming the limits of piezoelectric composites

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 118-119页

作者： ahmad Safari Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rutgers University

The study of piezoelectric composites traces its origins back to the 1970s, when the concept of combining ceramics and polymers to introduce self-connectivity was first proposed [1-3].Creating composites using polymers as the matrix and ferroelectric ceramics as fillers has proven to be an effective approach for improving the electromechanical coupling performance of piezoelectric materials.

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The Strategic Form of Quantum Prisoners' Dilemma

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第5期30卷 4-9页

作者： ahmad Nawaz National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 45320Pakistan

In a normal form, prisoners' dilemma (PD) is represented by a payoff matrix showing players' strategies and payoffs. To obtain the distinguishing trait and strategic form of PD, certain constraints are imposed on the elements of its payoff matrix. We quantize PD by a generalized quantization scheme to analyze its strategic behavior in the quantum domain. The game starts with a general entangled state of the form |ψ>=cos(ξ/2)|00>+sin(ξ/2)|11> and the measurement for payoffs is performed in entangled and product bases. We show that for both measurements, there exist respective cutoff values of entanglement of the initial quantum state up to which the strategic form of the game remains intact. Beyond these cutoffs the quantized PD behaves like the chicken game (CG) up to another cutoff value. For the measurement in the entangled basis the dilemma is resolved for sinξ >1/7 with Q⊗Q as a Nash Equilibrium (NE). However, the quantized game behaves like PD when sinξ >1/3;whereas in the range 1/7

关键词： bases behave strategic

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Comparative assessment of mechanical and chemical fluid diversion techniques during hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3582-3597页

作者： Maunish S.shah Subhash N.shah Drilling Cementingand Stimulation Research CenterDepartment of Petroleum EngineeringSchool of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityRaisanGandhinagarGujaratIndia Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering The University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

The application of fluid diversion during hydraulic fracturing is an evolving technology and has become popular amongst E&P operators over the past few *** primary objective of the fluid diversion is to improve hydraulic fracturing treatment by increasing stimulated reservoir volume and improving hydrocarbon *** is possible by achieving any of the following objectives:creating uniform distribution of treatment slurry within the target zone;treating unstimulated and under-stimulated zones;or by increasing fracture density by creating a complex fracture *** fluid diversion application is also helpful in decreasing the number of stages(by increasing stage length)for multi-stage plug-n-perf(PnP)fracturing *** is also applied to prevent fracture-driven interactions between adjacent wells,which is currently a major issue,especially in *** addition,for successful refracturing treatment,the diverter application is essential for isolating the existing fractures and redirecting the treatment slurry to the desired unstimulated *** diversion methods can be broadly categorized into the mechanical and chemical *** established mechanical diversion techniques are frac plugs,expandable casing patches,expandable liners,swellable packers,straddle packer assembly,sand plugs,frac sleeves,perforation ball sealers,and limited entry *** different chemical diversion techniques are particulates,fibers,gels,surfactants,perforation pods,and composite *** paper describes the current status of established mechanical and chemical diverter technologies and examines their comparative advantages and *** techniques are suitable for diverter application,but the technique is selected based on the desired objective and conditions of the wellbore and *** general guidelines for selecting diversion techniques and operational considerations are also provided in the *** diagnosis of diversion treatme

关键词： Fluid diversion Diverter Diverting agents Multi-stage fracturing Hydraulic fracturing Horizontal well

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Optimizing the utilization of maize silage in forage blends-based rations to improve production performance and reduce methane emissions from fattening calves

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 75-81页

作者： Khalid Farooq Asad Sultan Assar Ali shah Rifat Ullah Khan Rajwali Khan Ghazala Yasmeen Nazir ahmad Khan Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences The University of AgriculturePeshawar 25130Pakistan Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center(PASTIC) Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This research investigated the effect of various mixtures of maize silage and ryegrass fodder on nutrient digestibility,production performance,and methane(CH4)emission of fattening ***-four fattening calves((228±10)kg body weight(BW),(280±5)d of age)were allocated to 8 diets for 84 d,according to a randomized complete block design,and the blocks were balanced for BW,age,and *** diets consisted of 4 levels of maize silages,i.e.,40%(MS40),50%(MS50),60%(MS60),and 70%(MS70)in the maize silage and ryegrass fodder mixture on a dry matter(DM)basis,and each of the mixture was supplemented with either low(LC,1.0%BW)or high(HC,1.5%BW)levels of fattening *** results revealed greater(p<0.05)intakes of DM(8.35 kg/d),organic matter(OM,7.85 kg/d),and metabolizable energy(ME,12.00 Mcal/d)in calves fed with MS70-LC *** highest(p<0.05)digestibility(g/100 g)of DM(65.2),OM(67.3),crude protein(69.1),and neutral detergent fibre(56.3)was recorded for MS40-HC *** maximum(p<0.05)average daily gain(ADG,571 g/d)was recorded for diet *** lowest value(p<0.05)of CH4 emission was recorded in MS70-LC,MS70-HC,and MS60-HC as compared to other *** 70%maize silage in the ryegrass-maize silage based diet improved ADG by 174 g/d with LC *** is concluded that the optimum inclusion level of maize silage and ryegrass in the fattening ration can improve animal production performance and reduces CH4 production and concentrate requirements of fattening calves.

关键词： average daily gain farm-grown forages forage mixture fattening calves maize silage ryegrass fodder

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Pancreatic pseudocyst or a cystic tumor of the pancreas?

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第2期33卷 87-95页

作者： Mohammad Ezzedien Rabie Ismail El Hakeem Mohammad Saad Al Skaini ahmad El Hadad Salim Jamil Mian Tahir shah Mahmoud Obaid Department of Surgery Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region Department of Radiology Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region Department of Pathology Armed Forces Hospital-Southern Region

Pancreatic pseudocysts are the most common cystic lesions of the pancreas and may complicate acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic trauma. While the majority of acute pseudocysts resolve spontaneously, few may require drainage. On the other hand, pancreatic cystic tumors, which usually require extirpation, may disguise as pseudocysts. Hence, the distinction between the two entities is crucial for a successful outcome. We conducted this study to highlight the fundamental differences between pancreatic pseudocysts and cystic tumors so that relevant management plans can be devised. We reviewed the data of patients with pancreatic cystic lesions that underwent intervention between June 2007 and December 2010 in our hospital. We identified 9 patients(5 males and 4 females) with a median age of 40 years(range, 30–70 years). Five patients had pseudocysts, 2 had cystic tumors, and 2 had diseases of undetermined pathology. Pancreatic pseudocysts were treated by pseudocystogastrostomy in 2 cases and percutaneous drainage in 3 cases. One case recurred after percutaneous drainage and required pseudocystogastrostomy. The true pancreatic cysts were serous cystadenoma, which was treated by distal pancreatectomy, and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, which was initially treated by drainage, like a pseudocyst, and then by distal pancreatectomy when its true nature was revealed. We conclude that every effort should be exerted to distinguish between pancreatic pseudocysts and cystic tumors of the pancreas to avoid the serious misjudgement of draining rather than extirpating a pancreatic cystic tumor. Additionally, percutaneous drainage of a pancreatic pseudocyst is a useful adjunct that may substitute for surgical drainage.

关键词：急性胰腺炎囊肿假性肿瘤平均年龄引流治疗浆液性

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Generalized Multiresolution Structures in Reducing Subspaces of Local Fields

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2022年第12期38卷 2163-2186页

作者： Owais ahmad Neyaz ahmad SHEIKH Department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologySrinagar 190006India

In this article,we introduce the notion of general multiresolution structure(GMS)in the reducing subspace over local *** show that the GMS is admitted by an arbitrary reducing subspace and characterize all those GMSs which admit a pyramids *** the culmination,we obtain a frame-like expansion for signals in reducing subspaces in terms of GMS over local fields.

关键词： Frame frame like expansion reducing subspace generalized multiresolution structure local field Fourier transform

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