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Comparison of exogenous melatonin versus placebo on sleep efficiency in emergency medicine residents working night shifts： A randomized trial

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2018年第4期9卷 282-287页

作者： Shcrvin Farahmand Masoume Vafaeian Elnaz Vahidi Atefeh Abdollahi Shahram Baghcri-Hariri ahmad reza dehpour Emergency Medicine Department Imam Khomeini Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Emergency Medicine Department Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Emergency Medicine Department Sina Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

BACKGROUND: Sleep deprivation resulting from night shifts, is a major cause of burnout among physicians. Exogenous melatonin may improve sleep quality in night-shift workers. The study aims to compare the effectiveness of melatonin versus placebo on sleep effi ciency in emergency medicine(EM) residents. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, replicated crossover trial was performed on EM residents. This study consisted of 4 phases within a month with intervention periods of 2 nights and washouts of 6 days. In our study, EM residents had nine-hour shifts on 6 consecutive days, 2 mornings, 2 evenings and 2 nights and then 2 days off. At the end of shifts' cycle, 24 EM residents were given 3 mg melatonin or placebo(12 in each arm of the study) for 2 consecutive nights after the second night shift with crossover to the other arm after a six-day off drug. This crossover intervention was repeated for two more another time. Finally, we created 48 cases and comparisons in each arm. Different items related to sleep quality were assessed and compared both within the same group and between the two groups. RESULTS: In the melatonin group, daytime sleepiness(calculated by Karolinska Sleep Scale) had a signifi cant reduction after taking the second dose of drug(P=0.003) but the same result was not observed when comparing the 2 groups. Mood status(calculated by Profile of Mood States) showed no remarkable difference between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Melatonin might have a limited benefi t on sleep quality in EM residents working night shifts.

关键词： Melatonin Placebo Emergency medicine Night shift Sleep

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Cirrhosis-induced morphological changes in the retina:possible role of endogenous opioid

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 681-684页

作者： Mohammad Abdullah Algazo Saeed Amiri-ghashlaghi Bahram Delfan Gholamreza Hassanzadeh Fatemeh Sabbagh-ziarani Farahnaz Jazaeri ahmad reza dehpour Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Lorestan University of Medical Sciences Department of Anatomy School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences

·AIM: To investigate the impact of cirrhosis on retinal morphology and to evaluate the role of endogenous opioids as a mediator in cirrhosis induced retinal change.·METHODS: Thirty-six male rats were divided into 3main groups; the common bile duct ligated(BDL) group,the sham-operated(Sham) group and the unoperated(Unop) group. Then each of these three main groups was divided into two subgroups; the first subgroup received daily injection of naltrexone hydrochloride(NTX) and the second group was injected with normal saline(Saline)daily. After 28 d, rats were anesthetized and their right eyes were enucleated and assessed for histological changes. The thickness of the rod and cons layer, outer nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, inner nuclear layer,inner plexiform layer and ganglion cell layer for each eye were measured in micrometers by light microscope.· RESULTS: Ganglion cell layer showed significant increase in thickness in the BDL group(P <0.05). This increase was eliminated in the group where BDL rats received daily intraperitoneal injection of naltrexone hydrochloride(20 mg/kg). No other histological changes were detected in the other 5 layers we measured·CONCLUSION: The morphological change we detected in the retina of cirrhotic rats is probably due to opioids increased tone in cirrhosis since the increase in thickness in the ganglion cell layer was almost eliminated when naltrexone hydrochloride was *** results suggest a possible role for endogenous opioids in the morphological retinal changes detected in cirrhotic rats.

关键词： cirrhosis endogenous opioids retina ganglion cell layer

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Natural products,PGC-1α,and Duchenne muscular dystrophy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第5期10卷 734-745页

作者： Ipek Suntar[ Antoni Sureda Tarun Belwal Ana Sanches Silva Rosa Anna Vacca Devesh Tewari Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez Seyed Fazel Nabavi Samira Shirooie ahmad reza dehpour Suowen Xu Bahman Yousefi Maryam Majidinia Maria Daglia Giuseppe D’Antona Seyed Mohammad Nabavi Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyGazi UniversityEtilerAnkara 06330Turkey Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands(IdISBa)and CIBEROBN(Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition)University of Balearic IslandsPalmaBalearic Islands E-07122Spain G.B.Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development AlmoraUttarakhand 263643India National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research(INIAV) VairaoVila do CondePortugal Center for Study in Animal Science(CECA) ICETAUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal Institute of Biomembranes Bioenergetics and Molecular BiotechnologiesNational Council of ResearchBari 70126Italy Department of Pharmacognosy School of Pharmaceutical SciencesLovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab 144411India Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiagode Compostela 15782Spain Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Applied Biotechnology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Health InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshah ***Iran Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China Molecular Medicine Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz 516615731Iran Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz 516615731Iran Solid Tumor Research Center Urmia University of Medical SciencesUrmia 571478334Iran Department of Pharmacy University of Naples FedericoⅡNaples 80138Italy International Research Center for Foo

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)is a transcriptional coactivator that binds to a diverse range of transcription ***γcoactivator 1(PGC-1)coactivators possess an extensive range of biological effects in different tissues,and play a key part in the regulation of the oxidative metabolism,consequently modulating the production of reactive oxygen species,autophagy,and mitochondrial *** to these findings,a large body of studies,aiming to establish the role of PGC-1 in the neuromuscular system,has shown that PGC-1 could be a promising target for therapies targeting neuromuscular *** these,some evidence has shown that various signaling pathways linked to PGC-1αare deregulated in muscular dystrophy,leading to a reduced capacity for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)*** the light of these results,any intervention aimed at activating PGC-1 could contribute towards ameliorating the progression of muscular ***-1αis influenced by different patho-physiological/pharmacological *** products have been reported to display modulatory effects on PPARγactivation with fewer side effects in comparison to synthetic *** together,this review summarizes the current knowledge on Duchenne muscular dystrophy,focusing on the potential effects of natural compounds,acting as regulators of PGC-1α.

关键词： Muscular dystrophy Natural product Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Y coactivator la PPARγactivation Reactive oxygen species Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation

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Contribution of mammalian target of rapamycin in the pathophysiology of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第19期22卷 4685-4694页

作者： Seyed Soheil Saeedi Saravi Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr Maliheh Nobakht Seyyedeh Elaheh Mousavi ahmad reza dehpour Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Experimental Medicine Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmacy Guilan University of Medical Sciences Department of Anatomy School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences

AIM: To explore the role of mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) in the pathogenesis of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and the potential of rapamycin to improve this pathologic ***: Male albino Wistar rats weighing 100-120 g were treated with tetrachloride carbon(CCl_4) for 8 wk to induce cirrhosis. Subsequently, animals were administered rapamycin(2 mg/kg per day). The QT_c intervals were calculated in a 5-min electrocardiogram. Then, the left ventricular papillary muscles wereisolated to examine inotropic responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation using a standard organ bath equipped by Powerlab system. Phosphorylated-m TOR localization in left ventricles was immunohistochemically assessed, and ventricular tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α was measured. Western blot was used to measure levels of ventricular phosphorylated-m TOR ***: Cirrhosis was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining of liver tissues, visual observation of lethargy, weight loss, jaundice, brown urine, ascites, liver stiffness, and a significant increase of spleen weight(P < 0.001). A significant prolongation in QTc intervals occurred in cirrhotic rats exposed to CCl_4(P < 0.001), while this prolongation was decreased with rapamycin treatment(P < 0.01). CCl_4-induced cirrhosis caused a significant decrease of contractile responsiveness to isoproterenol stimulation and a significant increase in cardiac TNF-α. These findings were correlated with data from western blot and immunohistochemical studies on phosphorylated-m TOR expression in left ventricles. Phosphorylated-m TOR was significantly enhanced in cirrhotic rats, especially in the endothelium, compared to controls. Rapamycin treatment significantly increased contractile force and myocardial localization of phosphorylated-m TOR and decreased cardiac TNF-α concentration compared to cirrhotic rats with no treatment. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrated a potential role for cardiac m TOR in the pathophysiology of cirrhoti

关键词： Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy Rat Mammalian target of Rapamycin Rapamycin Inotropic effect

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Cancer cell cycle heterogeneity as a critical determinant of therapeutic resistance

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 189-204页

作者： Ebrahim H.Maleki ahmad reza Bahrami Maryam M.Matin Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad*** MashhadIran Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics(JCET) Jagiellonian University31-007 KrakowPoland Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Jagiellonian University30-348 KrakowPoland Industrial Biotechnology Research Group Institute of BiotechnologyFerdowsi University of Mashhad*** MashhadIran Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group Institute of BiotechnologyFerdowsi University of Mashhad***MashhadIran Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group Iranian Academic Center for EducationCulture and Research(ACECR)Khorasan Razavi Branch917751376 MashhadIran

Intra-tumor heterogeneity is now arguably one of the most-studied topics in tumor biology,as it represents a major obstacle to effective cancer *** tumor cells are highly diverse at genetic,epigenetic,and phenotypic levels,intra-tumor heterogeneity can be assumed as an important contributing factor to the nullification of chemotherapeutic effects,and recurrence of the *** on the role of heterogeneous subpopulations of cancer cells with varying cell-cycle dynamics and behavior during cancer progression and treatment;herein,we aim to establish a comprehensive definition for adaptation of neoplastic cells against *** discuss two parallel and yet distinct subpopulations of tumor cells that play pivotal roles in reducing the effects of chemotherapy:"resistant"and"tolerant"***,this review also highlights the impact of the quiescent phase of the cell cycle as a survival mechanism for cancer *** understanding the mechanisms under-lying the quiescence,it provides an insightful perspective on cancer stem cells(CsCs)and their dual and intertwined functions based on their cell cycle state in response to ***-over,CSCs,epithelial-mesenchymal transformed cells,circulating tumor cells(CTCs),and disseminated tumor cells(DTCs),which are mostly in a quiescent state of the cell cycle are proved to have multiple biological links and can be implicated in our viewpoint of cell cycle heterogeneity in ***,increasing our knowledge of cell cycle heterogeneity is a key to identifying new therapeutic solutions,and this emerging concept may provide us with new opportunities to prevent the dreadful cancer recurrence.

关键词： Cancer stem cells(CSCs) Carcinoma Cell cycle heterogeneity Quiescence Therapy resistance Therapy tolerance Tumor dormancy

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Molecular investigation of exoU and exoY virulence genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from hospitalized patients in North of Iran:A descriptive-analytical study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第2期13卷 74-80页

作者： ahmad reza Moradi Mehrdad Gholami Lotfollah Davoodi Negar Hajilou Hamid reza Goli Sana Institute of Higher Education SariIran Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology Faculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center Faculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center Faculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran

Objective:To investigate the frequency of exoU and exoY genes in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ***:In this study,100 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from patients hospitalized in educational-therapeutic hospitals and were identified using standard microbiological ***,the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by the disk agar diffusion *** bacterial DNAs were extracted by the alkaline lysis ***,the presence of exoU and exoY genes was evaluated by the PCR ***:In this study,47%,72%,29%,39%,40%,and 44%of the isolates were non-susceptible to piperacillin,aztreonam,ceftazidime,imipenem,tobramycin,and ciprofloxacin,*** addition,95%and 93%of the clinical isolates carried the exoU and exoY *** and fecal isolates had both virulence genes,while only one wound isolate had neither ***,all urinary isolates contained the exoY gene and only one isolate lacked the exoU ***,88 isolates simultaneously had both exoU and exoY ***:High prevalence of exoU and exoY genes in this region indicates a significant role of typeⅢsecretion system in pathogenesis of Pseudomonas *** typeⅢsecretion system may be a suitable target to reduce the pathogenicity of this bacterium.

关键词： Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoU exoY Virulence gene TypeⅢsecretion system PCR

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The global,prevalence,and risk factors of postoperative fever after percutaneous nephrolithotomy:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 253-260页

作者： reza Falahatkar Siavash Falahatkar Mohammad Amin Khajavi Gaskarei Masoomeh Afzalipoor Ali Mojtahedi Neda Aligolighasemabadi ahmad Deilami Samaneh Mirzaei Dahka Mohammad-Hossein Keivanlou Alireza Jafari Urology Research Center Guilan University of Medical SciencesGuilanRashtIran Department of Surgery University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada Microbiology Department School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SciencesRashtIran Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineGuilan University of Medical SiencesRashtIran School of Nursing and Midwifery Guilan University of Medical SciencesGuilanRashtIran

Objective:This study aimed to explore the global,prevalence,and risk factors of fever after percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)by conducting a systematic review and ***:The high-sensitivity searching was conducted without time limitation until December 30,2020 in Web of Sciences,Scopus,and PubMed based on inclusion and exclusion ***:The prevalence rates of fever and sepsis among patient undergoing PCNL were estimated 9.5%(95%confidence interval[CI]:9.3%-9.7%),and 4.5%(95%CI:4.2%-4.8%),*** tube was used in 9.96%(95%CI:9.94%-9.97%)of *** mean preoperative white blood cells of patients were 6.401×109/L;18.3%and 4.55%of patients were considered as the positive urinary culture and pyuria,*** 20.4%of patients suffered from residual *** odds ratios(ORs)of fever in patients who suffering from diabetes mellitus,hydronephrosis,staghorn stones,and blood transfusion were 4.62(95%CI:2.95-7.26),1.04(95%CI:0.81-1.34),2.57(95%CI:0.93-7.11),and 2.65(95%CI:1.62-4.35),*** who underwent PCNL in prone position were more likely to develop fever(OR:1.23;95%CI:0.75-2.00)than patients in supine ***:The current study showed that patients who suffer from diabetes mellitus,hydronephrosis,staghorn stones,nephrostomy tube or double-J stent,blood transfusion,and also patients who underwent PCNL in prone position surgery are more likely to develop a postoperative fever after PCNL.

关键词： Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Fever Hydronephrosis Diabetes Meta-analysis

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Hepatoprotective effect of Holothuria leucospilota methanolic extract on dimethyl nitrosamine-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第4期7卷 544-552页

作者： Fatemeh Dejan Amineh Daneshi Javad Rajabi Aslani Nasrollah ahmadi Narges Eskandari Roozbahani Elaham Rahmanian reza Behmanesh Hamid reza Gheisari Department of Basic Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Education Farzanegan High SchoolTehranKohgiluyeh and Boyer AhmadIran Food Hygiene Department School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Pathology School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Clinical Research Development Center Imam Reza HospitalKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran Molecular Dermatology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Department of Anatomy School of MedicineShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Garmsar BranchDepartment of RadiologyIslamic Azad UniversityGarmsarIran

Background:Complementary medicine is an interesting field for extracting bio-active compounds from various plant and animal *** hepatoprotective effect of the methanolic extract of a species of sea cucumber called Holothuria leu-cospilota in an animal model of liver cancer caused by dimethyl nitrosamine(DMN)was ***:Wistar female rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=12):control(intact),positive control(received 1%DMN[10 mg/kg/week,intraperitoneally]for 12 weeks),and three treatment groups(received 50,100,and 200 mg/kg/day ***-cospilota extract orally for 12 weeks along with intraperitoneal administration of 1%DMN[10 mg/kg/week]).In all groups,ultrasound was performed on the liver every week to check its *** sampling and liver isolation were performed on three occasions,at 4,8,and 12 weeks,to check liver enzymes and the histopathological condition of the liver tissue(every week,four animals from each group were randomly selected).Results:Liver density changes were evident from the eighth week onward in the positive control *** results indicated pathologic changes in the positive control group after 4 *** increase in liver enzymes in the posi-tive control group was significantly different from that in the treatment and control ***:We demonstrated the hepatoprotective effect of *** on DMN-induced liver damage in rats using biochemical and histological parameters and *** additional research(in silico or in vitro)is needed to find the exact mechanism and the main biological compound in ***.

关键词： dimethyl nitrosamine hepatotoxicity Holothuria leucospilota sea cucumber

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Preoperative Serum Albumin Levels and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Single-Center Study in Bangladesh

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2024年第8期14卷 131-144页

作者： ahmad Pear Salahuddin Md. Abir Tazim Chowdhury Munama Magdum Dewan Iftakher reza Chowdhury Nittya Nanda Pal Md. Nahedul Morshed Md. Zafar-Al-Nimari Latifa Nasrin Farooque Ahmed Department of Cardiac Surgery National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute (NHFH&RI) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine Dhaka Bangladesh Mother and Child Welfare Center Cumilla Bangladesh

Background: Serum albumin, a vital plasma protein, helps maintain intravascular colloidal osmotic pressure, cardiac output, and renal function. Low preoperative serum albumin is linked to poor outcomes, including acute kidney injury (AKI), after off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery. This study aimed to assess the relationship between preoperative serum albumin levels and early postoperative renal injury. Methods: This prospective comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2019 to February 2021 at the National Heart Foundation Hospital & Research Institute, Bangladesh. It included 160 adult patients with normal preoperative renal function undergoing OPCAB. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (serum albumin ≥ 4.0 gm/dl) and Group B (serum albumin Results: Preoperative serum albumin was significantly different between groups (Group A: 4.21 ± 0.05 gm/dl, Group B: 3.69 ± 0.04 gm/dl, p = 0.028). Group B had a higher incidence of hypertension (71.25% vs. 51.25%, p st and 3rd postoperative days were higher in Group B (p th day. Postoperative AKI occurred in 18.75% of Group A and 36.25% of Group B. Multivariate regression indicated that low preoperative serum albumin is an independent risk factor for postoperative AKI (p = 0.012, OR = 1.815, CI: 0.675 - 1.162). Conclusion: Preoperative serum albumin level is a valuable predictor of postoperative renal function. Ensuring high normal serum albumin levels before surgery can help minimize the risk of postoperative AKI.

关键词： Serum Albumin Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Bangladesh

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The impact of Persian oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) on soil characteristics in a declining forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2359-2366页

作者： reza Soleimani ahmad Hosseini Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAREEOIlamIran Forests and Rangelands Research Department Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAREEOIlamIran

Root activity has an important impact on soil development but we have little knowledge of the interaction of the root zone and soil genetic *** aim of this investigation was to study the interactions between soil chemical characteristics and root zone processes in a declining Persian oak forest(Quercus brantii Lindl.).A randomized complete block design was used to investigate the long-term eff ect of Persian oak on soil horizons,and the chemical and biological properties in two soil zones(under and outside the canopy).Results indicate that the rhizosphere zone had signifi cantly higher total organic carbon(TOC)than outside the canopy soil in the upper soil *** subsurface horizons,water-extractable organic carbon values were signifi cantly higher in rhizosphere than in non-rhizospheric *** biomass carbon(MBC)values in the rhizospheric zone decreased from the fi rst to the second *** MBC/TOC ratio indicated signifi-cant diff erences between the rhizosphere and soils outside of the canopy,with the exception of the subsurface *** the subsurface horizon of the rhizosphere,there was greater respiration of organic carbon(ΣCO 2/TOC)than in outside of canopy *** addition,root processes infl uenced pH,nitrogen fractions,and availability of phosphorus,potassium,iron,zinc and *** erences in soil characteristics between rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric zones were signifi cant in surface horizons due to higher root density than in deeper soil *** fi ndings indicate that Persian oak(Quercus brantii Lindl.)roots infl uenced the main soil chemical properties,even in calcareous soils.

关键词： Declining forest Persian oak Rhizosphere Soil horizons

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