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Micro-Computed Tomography Applications in Dentistry

Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第1期14卷 32-41页

作者： ahmad Assari Maha al Bukairi Reema al Saif Oral Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences Department College of Medicine and Dentistry Riyadh Elm University Ri-yadh Saudi Arabia Orthodontist Ministry of Health First Health Cluster Riyadh Saudi Arabia Periodontist Ministry of Health Third Health Cluster Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Micro-computed tomography (MCT) encompasses two primary scanning options: ex-vivo and in-vivo imaging. Ex-vivo scanning involves the examination of extracted teeth or dental specimens, allowing for detailed analyses of the microarchitecture of mineralized tissue. By analyzing the microarchitecture of dental tissues, MCT can provide valuable information about bone density, porosity, and microstructural changes, contributing to a better understanding of disease progression and treatment outcomes. Moreover, MCT facilitates the quantification of dental parameters, such as bone volume, trabecular thickness, and connectivity density, which are crucial for evaluating the efficacy of dental interventions. This present study aims to comprehensively review and explore the applications of MCT in dentistry and highlight its potential in advancing research and clinical practice. The results depicted that the quantitative approach of MCT enhances the precision and reliability of dental research. Researchers and clinicians can make evidence-based decisions regarding treatment strategies and patient management, relying on quantifiable data provided by MCT. The applications of MCT in dentistry extend beyond research, with potential clinical implications in fields such as dental implantology and endodontics. MCT is expected to play an increasingly significant role in enhancing our understanding of dental pathologies, improving treatment outcomes, and ultimately, benefiting patient care in the field of dentistry.

关键词： Clinical Practice Dentistry Ex-Vivo Scanning Micro-Computed Tomography

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Optimizing calcination of coal by-products for maximizing REE leaching recovery and minimizing al,Ca,and Fe contamination

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1354-1365,I0006页

作者： Tushar Gupta ahmad Nawab Rick Honaker MP Materials Mountain Pass Mine 67750 Bailey RoadMountain PassCA92366USA Department of Mining Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY40506USA

High-temperature calcination is effective in improving the leaching characteristics of rare earth elements(REEs)from conventional REE-bearing minerals by transforming them into more leachable ***,the recovery of contaminants such as al,Fe,and Ca also increases *** objective of the study was to maximize the REE extraction while minimizing the concentration of contaminant ions(al,Ca,and Fe)in the leach *** density fractions of the coarse refuse from the Baker and Fire Clay seam coal refuse were pulverized to a top size of 180μm and used as a feedstock for the *** the samples generated from thermal treatment were leached at 1%(w/v)using 1.2 mol/L sulfuric acid at 75℃ for 2 *** results from a parametric program based on a Box-Behnken design were used for modeling and optimization of three operating parameters associated with the lab-scale calcination *** parameters included temperature(400-800℃),ramp rate(2-10℃/min)and holding time(0-120 min).It was determined that the calcination temperature was the most significant parameter influencing REE *** majority of the heavy rare earth elements(HREEs)were found to be present in an insoluble form in the calcination products and were marginally affected by thermal treatment.A strong correlation between light rare earth elements recovery(LREEs)and al suggested a possible association with *** optimum operating conditions for high REE recovery with comparatively lower contaminant concentration for 1.6 specific gravity float and 2.2 sink fractions of Baker and Fire Clay seam material were determined to be at 776,800℃ and 407,800℃,calcining temperatures,respectively.A higher optimum temperature of 1.6 float fraction of Baker seam relative to Fire Clay seam material was due to elevated pyrite concentration in Baker seam *** treatment at 400℃ converted pyrite into a soluble intermedium iron oxide,resulting in a high Fe content in the ***

关键词： Calcination Optimization Rare earth elements Coal refuse

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Applying the Protective Mn-Co-La_(2)O_(3)Coating on Crofer 22 APU Ferritic Stainless Steel Used as Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Interconnects

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第5期37卷 872-888页

作者： Farhad Mohsenifar Hadi Ebrahimifar ahmad Irannejad Department of Materials Engineering and Metallurgy Faculty of EngineeringShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHigher Education Complex of Bam76615-314BamIran Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringGraduate University of Advanced TechnologyKerman ***Iran

This research studies the effect of Mn-Co-La_(2)O_(3) coating synthesized by the electrodeposition method on the oxidation resistance and electrical conductivity of the Crofer 22 APU stainless steel interconnect plates in solid oxide fuel *** test samples were characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM)equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The oxidation kinetics of the coated and uncoated samples were studied by tracking their weight changes over time at 800°C,showing that the oxidation mechanism for all samples follows the parabolic *** oxidation rate constant(k_(p))values of the coated sample compared with that of the uncoated one indicated a reduction in the oxidation rate of the steel substrate in the presence of the Mn-Co-La_(2)O_(3) *** examination of the cross-section of different samples after the isothermal oxidation for 500 h at 800°C exhibited that applying the composite coating leads to a decrease in the thickness of the chromia layer formed on the steel ***,under these conditions,the area-specific resistance(ASR)of the coated sample(13.11 mΩcm^(2))is significantly lower than that of the uncoated one(41.45 mΩcm^(2)).

关键词： Area specific resistance Oxidation Fuel cell Composite coating

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Suppression and synchronization of chaos in uncertain time-delay physical system

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第3期39卷 416-437页

作者： Israr ahmad Muhammad Shafiq Department of Preparatory Studies Centre University of Technology and Applied SciencesNizwaOman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityOman

The mechanical horizontal platform(MHP)system exhibits a rich chaotic *** chaotic MHP system has applications in the earthquake and offshore *** article proposes a robust adaptive continuous control(RACC)*** investigates the control and synchronization of chaos in the uncertain MHP system with time-delay in the presence of unknown state-dependent and time-dependent *** closed-loop system contains most of the nonlinear terms that enhance the complexity of the dynamical system;it improves the efficiency of the *** proposed RACC approach(a)accomplishes faster convergence of the perturbed state variables(synchronization errors)to the desired steady-state,(b)eradicates the effect of unknown state-dependent and time-dependent disturbances,and(c)suppresses undesirable chattering in the feedback control *** paper describes a detailed closed-loop stability analysis based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory and Lyapunov stability *** provides parameter adaptation laws that confirm the convergence of the uncertain parameters to some constant *** computer simulation results endorse the theoretical findings and provide a comparative performance.

关键词： chaotic horizontal platform system chaos suppression chaos synchronization robust adaptive control Lyapunov stability theory

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Unlocking the Potential:A Comprehensive Systematic Review of ChatGPT in Natural Language Processing Tasks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第10期141卷 43-85页

作者： Ebtesam ahmad alomari Faculty of Computing and Information Albaha UniversityAlbaha65731Saudi Arabia

As Natural Language Processing(NLP)continues to advance,driven by the emergence of sophisticated large language models such as ChatGPT,there has been a notable growth in research *** rapid uptake reflects increasing interest in the field and induces critical inquiries into ChatGPT’s applicability in the NLP *** review paper systematically investigates the role of ChatGPT in diverse NLP tasks,including information extraction,Name Entity Recognition(NER),event extraction,relation extraction,Part of Speech(PoS)tagging,text classification,sentiment analysis,emotion recognition and text *** novelty of this work lies in its comprehensive analysis of the existing literature,addressing a critical gap in understanding ChatGPT’s adaptability,limitations,and optimal *** this paper,we employed a systematic stepwise approach following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)framework to direct our search process and seek relevant *** review reveals ChatGPT’s significant potential in enhancing various NLP *** adaptability in information extraction tasks,sentiment analysis,and text classification showcases its ability to comprehend diverse contexts and extract meaningful ***,ChatGPT’s flexibility in annotation tasks reducesmanual efforts and accelerates the annotation process,making it a valuable asset in NLP development and ***,GPT-4 and prompt engineering emerge as a complementary mechanism,empowering users to guide the model and enhance overall *** its promising potential,challenges *** performance of ChatGP Tneeds tobe testedusingmore extensivedatasets anddiversedata ***,its limitations in handling domain-specific language and the need for fine-tuning in specific applications highlight the importance of further investigations to address these issues.

关键词： Generative AI large languagemodel(LLM) natural language processing(NLP) ChatGPT GPT(generative pretraining transformer) GPT-4 sentiment analysis NER information extraction annotation text classification

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Green trading and ecological sustainability under macroeconomic policy framework

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 50-66页

作者： Yue Hu Binhui Li Munir ahmad College of Science&Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315300ZhejiangChina Donghai Academy Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211ZhejiangChina Research Center for County Industry Digitization College of Science&TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315300ZhejiangChina College of International Economics&Trade Ningbo University of Finance and EconomicsNingbo 315175ZhejiangChina “Belt and Road”Bulk Commodity Research Center Ningbo University of Finance and EconomicsNingbo 315175ZhejiangChina

When confronted with ecological challenges,trading ecologically friendly products involving renewable technologies,green management practices,and effluent treatment methods could alleviate ecological degradation on a global scale while considering the macroeconomic policy ***,this study determines the effectiveness of fiscal and monetary policy instruments in moderating the relationship between green trade openness(i.e.,trade in environmentally related products)and ecological *** panel quantile regression on data from 20 OECD members from 2003 to 2016,we found that green trade openness supports ecological sustainability through a gains-from-trade *** moderation effects,expenditure-driven fiscal expansion reinforces the favorable influence of green trade openness on ecological sustainability across ecologically less/moderately efficient economies,while it does the reverse for ecologically more efficient ***-driven fiscal contraction promotes ecological sustainability amelioration impact of green trade openness for economies with belowaverage ecological quality and remains neutral for those with average/above-average ecological ***,interest rate-driven monetary contraction proliferates the ecological sustainability enhancement effect of green *** suggest that the fiscal and monetary policies demand unambiguous coordination with the OECD’s trade policy structure for optimal environmental outcomes of trading in environmental *** insights would help OECD’s green trade policies gain momentum to facilitate the attainment of the Climate Action agenda of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： Fiscal policy Monetary policy Green trade openness Ecological sustainability OECD

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Enhancing Human Action Recognition with Adaptive Hybrid Deep Attentive Networks and Archerfish Optimization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4791-4812页

作者： ahmad Yahiya ahmad Bani ahmad Jafar alzubi Sophers James Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi Chanthirasekaran Kutralakani Anguraju Krishnan Department of Accounting and Finance Faculty of BusinessMiddle East UniversityAmman11831Jordan Faculty of Engineering Al-Balqa Applied UniversitySalt19117Jordan Department of Mathematics Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology(Autonomous)TholurpattiTrichy621215India Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and TechnologyBondo210-40601Kenya Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha Engineering College(Autonomous)Chennai602105India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology(Autonomous)TholurpattiTrichy621215India

In recent years,wearable devices-based Human Activity Recognition(HAR)models have received significant *** developed HAR models use hand-crafted features to recognize human activities,leading to the extraction of basic *** images captured by wearable sensors contain advanced features,allowing them to be analyzed by deep learning algorithms to enhance the detection and recognition of human *** lighting and limited sensor capabilities can impact data quality,making the recognition of human actions a challenging *** unimodal-based HAR approaches are not suitable in a real-time ***,an updated HAR model is developed using multiple types of data and an advanced deep-learning ***,the required signals and sensor data are accumulated from the standard *** these signals,the wave features are *** the extracted wave features and sensor data are given as the input to recognize the human *** Adaptive Hybrid Deep Attentive Network(AHDAN)is developed by incorporating a“1D Convolutional Neural Network(1DCNN)”with a“Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)”for the human activity recognition ***,the Enhanced Archerfish Hunting Optimizer(EAHO)is suggested to fine-tune the network parameters for enhancing the recognition *** experimental evaluation is performed on various deep learning networks and heuristic algorithms to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed HAR *** EAHO-based HAR model outperforms traditional deep learning networks with an accuracy of 95.36,95.25 for recall,95.48 for specificity,and 95.47 for precision,*** result proved that the developed model is effective in recognizing human action by taking less ***,it reduces the computation complexity and overfitting issue through using an optimization approach.

关键词： Human action recognition multi-modal sensor data and signals adaptive hybrid deep attentive network enhanced archerfish hunting optimizer 1D convolutional neural network gated recurrent units

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Influence of Brownian Motion, Thermophoresis and Magnetic Effects on a Fluid Containing Nanoparticles Flowing over a Stretchable Cylinder

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第3期20卷 525-536页

作者： Aaqib Majeed ahmad Zeeshan Department of Mathematics The University of FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics FBASInternational Islamic University IslamabadIslamabad44000Pakistan

The influence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on a fluid containing nanoparticles flowing over a stretchable cylinder is *** classical Navier-Stokes equations are considered in a porous *** addition,the Lorentz force is taken into *** controlling coupled nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of first order ordinary differential equations by means of a similarity *** resulting system of equations is solved by employing a shooting approach properly implemented in *** evolution of the boundary layer and the growing velocity is shown graphically together with the related profiles of concentration and *** magnetic field has a different influence(in terms of trends)on velocity and concentration.

关键词： Mixed convection Brownian motion heat transfer porous surface velocity slip

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Nrf2 as a potential target for the treatment of epilepsy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1865-1866页

作者： Prince Kumar Singh Tawfeeq Shekh-ahmad Institute for Drug Research School of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael

Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic brain disorder that is characterized by a persistent predisposition to recurrently generate epileptic seizures and is often associated with cognitive and psychological *** affects approximately 65 million individuals,including both males and females of all ages worldwide,and poses a significant burden on patients,their families,and the health system(Vezzani et al.,2019).

关键词： epilepsy Nrf2

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Single image super-resolution:a comprehensive review and recent insight

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 139-156页

作者： Hanadi al-MEKHLAFI Shiguang LIU College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Super-resolution(SR)is a long-standing problem in image processing and computer vision and has attracted great attention from researchers over the *** main concept of SR is to reconstruct images from low-resolution(LR)to high-resolution(HR).It is an ongoing process in image technology,through up-sampling,de-blurring,and *** neural network(CNN)has been widely used to enhance the resolution of images in recent *** alternative methods use deep learning to improve the progress of image super-resolution based on ***,we review the recent findings of single image super-resolution using deep learning with an emphasis on distillation knowledge used to enhance image super-resolution.,it is also to highlight the potential applications of image super-resolution in security monitoring,medical diagnosis,microscopy image processing,satellite remote sensing,communication transmission,the digital multimedia industry and video ***,we present the challenges and assess future trends in super-resolution based on deep learning.

关键词： super-resolution deep learning single-image interpolation-based learning-based reconstruction-based

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