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Efficient Communication in Wireless Sensor networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： n.Meenakshi Sultan ahmad A.V.Prabu J.nageswara Rao nashwan.a.nan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar Jabeen nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor network(WSn)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmen.a. monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSns are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span.a.d environmen.a. *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSns is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an.a.gorithm known.a. Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption.a.d the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimen.a.ion is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

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对治疗性ERCP的V型镜系统进行的多中心比较试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 27-28页

作者： Joyce A.M. ahmad n.a. Beilstein M.C. G.G.Ginsberg 宋平 Division of Gastroenterology Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania3400 Spruce StreetPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Dr.

Background and study aims:A new duodenoscope(the V-scope) ,with a modified elevator used in combination with a dedicated short guide wire,constitutes the *** systemis intended to allow fixation of the guidewire at the elevator lever,thereby en.a.cing the speed and reliability of accessory exchange over a guide wire during *** aim of this study was to evaluate the extent to which the V-system provides improved efficiency in comparison with conventional duodenoscope and guide wire *** and methods:This was an industry-sponsored multicenter randomized *** undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) procedures in which treatment was anticipated were randomly assigned to the V-system or to a conventional duodenoscope and accessories used routinely in each *** parameters recorded included the total case time,fluoroscopy time,catheter/guide wire exchange time,guide wire repositioning,loss of guide wire access,and success or failure of guide wire fixation when using the ***:Fifty patients were included,22 in the conventional group and 28 in the V-system group.A total of 135 exchanges were carried *** patients had up to six *** median exchange time was 19.4 s with the V-system and 31.7 s with the conventional systems(P ning was required less often in the V-system group(P = 0.0005) .The V-system effectively locked the guide wire in 63 of 71 exchanges(89%) .Loss of guide wire access occurred in two patients in the conventional group and four in the V-system group,attributable to failure to lock the guide wire early during the experience(no significant differences) .Conclusions:The V-system can effectively secure the guide wire during accessory exchange in ERCP and reduces the time required to exchange *** may en.a.ce overall efficiency during ERCP.

关键词： V型镜十二指肠镜切换时间荧光镜升降装置透视检查工作效率

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Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation.a.d Density Functional Theory Band Gap Calculations of Calix[n.a.ene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WOnG Yeong Yi F L Supian.a.Radzwan M Musa n F n.a.d Karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n.a.enes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n.a.enes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemen.a. analyzer(CHnS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n.a.enes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n.a.enes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

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Performance En.a.cement of XML Parsing Using Regression.a.d Parallelism

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 287-303页

作者： Muhammad Ali Min.a. ahmad Khan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60000Pakistan

The Extensible Markup Language(XML)files,widely used for storing and exchanging information on the web require efficient parsing mechanisms to improve the performance of the *** the existing Document Object Model(DOM)based parsing,the performance degrades due to sequential processing and large memory requirements,thereby requiring an efficient XML parser to mitigate these *** this paper,we propose a Parallel XML Tree Generator(PXTG)algorithm for accelerating the parsing of XML files and a Regression-based XML Parsing Framework(RXPF)that analyzes and predicts performance through profiling,regression.a.d code generation for efficient *** PXTG algorithm is based on dividing the XML file into n parts and producing n trees in *** profiling phase of the RXPF framework produces a dataset by measuring the performance of various parsing models including StAX,SAX,DOM,JDOM,and PXTG on different cores by using multiple file *** regression phase produces the prediction model,based on which the final code for efficient parsing of XML files is produced through the code generation *** RXPF framework has shown.a.significant improvement in performance varying from 9.54%to 32.34%over other existing models used for parsing XML files.

关键词： Regression parallel parsing multi-cores XML

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Evaluation of hand infections in the emergency department using point-of-care ultrasound

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第4期15卷 283-288页

作者： David ahmad Haidar David Mintz Brandon M Wubben Omar Rizvi Srikar Adhikari Department of Emergency Medicine Michigan MedicineAnn Arbor 48109-1382USA University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson 85724USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of IowaIowa City 52242-1009USA Department of Surgery University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of Arizona College of MedicineTucson 85724USA

BACKGROUnD:We aimed to evaluate the utility of point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS)in the assessment of hand infections that present to the emergency department(ED)and its impact on medical decision making and patient ***:We conducted a retrospective review of patients who presented to two urban.a.ademic EDs with clinical presen.a.ions concerning for skin.a.d soft tissue infections(SSTI)of the hand between December 2015 and December *** trained POCUS fellowship physicians reviewed an ED POCUS database for POCUS examinations of the *** then reviewed patients’electronic health records(EHR)for demographic characteristics,history,physical examination findings,ED course,additional imaging studies,consultations,impact of POCUS on patient care and final ***:We included a total of 50 cases(28 male,22 female)in the final *** most common presenting symptoms and exam findings were pain(100%),swelling(90%),and erythema(74%).The most common sonographic findings were edema(76%),soft tissue swelling(78%),and fluid surrounding the tendon(57%).POCUS was used in medical decision making 68%of the time(n=34),with the use of POCUS leading to changes in management 38%of the time(n=19).POCUS use led to early antibiotic use(11/19),early consultation(10/19),and led to the performance of a required procedure(8/19).The POCUS diagnosis was consistent with the discharge diagnosis of flexor tenosynovitis 8/12 times,abscess 12/16 times,and cellulitis 14/20 ***:POCUS is beneficial for evaluating of hand infections that present to the ED and can be used as an important part of medical decision making to expedite patient care.

关键词： Ultrasound Point-of-care ultrasound Cellulitis Abscess Flexor tenosynovitis

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Security and Privacy Challenges in SDn-Enabled IoT Systems: Causes, Proposed Solutions,and Future Directions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2511-2533页

作者： ahmad Rahdari ahmad Jalili Mehdi Esn.a.hari Mehdi Gheisari Alisa A.Vorobeva Zhaoxi Fang Panjun Sun Viktoriia M.Korzhuk Ilya Popov Zongda Wu Hamid Tahaei Institute of Artificial Intelligence Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing312000China Department of Computer Engineering Gonbad Kavous UniversityGonbad-e Kavus49717-99151Iran Faculty of Computer Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran196976-4499Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105India Secure Information Technologies Department National Research University ITMOSt.Petersburg197101Russia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz71946–84334Iran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityDamavand***Iran Department of R&D Shenzhen BKD Co.Ltd.Shenzhen518000China

Software-Defined networking(SDn)represents a significant paradigm shift in network architecture,separating network logic from the underlying forwarding devices to en.a.ce flexibility and centralize ***-rently,the Internet of Things(IoT)connects numerous devices to the Internet,enabling autonomous interactions with minimal human ***,implementing and managing an SDn-IoT system is inherently complex,particularly for those with limited resources,as the dynamic and distributed nature of IoT infrastructures creates security and privacy challenges during SDn *** findings of this study underscore the primary security and privacy challenges across application,control,and data planes.A comprehensive review evaluates the root causes of these challenges and the defense techniques employed in prior works to establish sufficient secrecy and privacy *** investigations have explored cutting-edge methods,such as leveraging blockchain for tran.a.tion recording to en.a.ce security and privacy,along with applying machine learning and deep learning approaches to identify and mitigate the impacts of Den.a. of Service(DoS)and Distributed DoS(DDoS)***,the analysis indicates that encryption.a.d hashing techniques are prevalent in the data plane,whereas access control and certificate authorization.a.e prominently considered in the control plane,and authentication is commonly employed within the application ***,this paper outlines future directions,offering insights into potential strategies and technological advancements aimed at fostering a more secure and privacy-conscious SDn-based IoT ecosystem.

关键词： Security privacy-preserving software-defined network internet of things

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Results Involving Partial Differential Equations and Their Solution by Certain Integral Transform

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1593-1616页

作者： Ran.a.Saadah Mohammed Amleh ahmad Qazza Shrideh Al-Omari Ahmet Ocak Akdemir Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13110Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAmman11134Jordan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and LettersAgri Ibrahim莈鏴n UniversityAgri04100Turkey

In this study,we aimto investigate certain triple integral transformand its application to a class of partial *** discuss various properties of the new transformincluding inversion, lin.a.ity, existence, scaling andshifting, etc. Then,we derive several results enfolding partial derivatives and establish amulti-convolution ***, we apply the aforementioned transform to some classical functions and many types of partial differentialequations involving heat equations,wave equations, Laplace equations, and Poisson equations ***,wedraw some figures to illustrate 3-D contour plots for exact solutions of some selected examples involving differentvalues in their variables.

关键词： ARA transform double ARA transform triple ARA transform partial differential equations integral transform

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DFT investigation of half-metallic ferromagnetic rare earth based spinels MgHo_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 121-128,I0005页

作者： Maiza Zanib Mumtaz Manzoor n.a.noor M.Waqas Iqbal Mazia Asghar H.H.Hegazy A.Laref Department of Physics Riphah International UniversityLahore CampusPakistan Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Half-metallic ferromagnetism,mechanical as well as thermoelectric properties for rare earth-based spinels MgHo_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)were investigated using density functional theory(DFT).Structural optimization was done with Perdew-Burke-Ehrenzorf(PBE)sol-generalized gradient approximation(GGA)to calculate the lattice constant of both spinels comparable to experimen.a. *** addition,Born stability criteria and negative formation energy show that our studied spinels are also structurally and dynamically stable in the cubic *** ferromagnetic(FM)state stability,we also calculated the energy differences among FM,antiferromagnetic(AFM),and non-magnetic(nM)***,Curie temperatures of ferromagnetic phases were also *** used Trans-Blaha improved BeckeJohnson(TB-mBJ)potential functional for electronics as well as magnetic characteristics,which lead to the consistent explanation of half-metallic ferromagnetism,representing the whole band-occupancy in material with exact detail of density of states(DOS).The stable FM state was examined in spinels due to the exchange splitting of Ho cation consisting of p-d hybridizations compatible with the result achieved for electronics band structure and ***,spin magnetic moment was explained in terms of anion,cation.a.d sharing charge on studied *** addition,the calculated thermoelectric properties clearly show that operation range of these systems may be utilized by future experimen.a. works for identifying the potential applications of these systems.

关键词： Ho-based spinels DFT simulations Mechanical parameters Electronic properties HM ferromagnetism Figure of merit

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Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： n.D.nGUYEn T.n.nGUYEn Faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam Faculty of Engineering and Technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

This study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam *** analyses include three models for porosity distribution.a.d two scenarios for thermal *** material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature *** theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order *** governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev *** simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boun.a.y condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam *** findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(TD)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBT)

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Characteristics and trends of pediatric firepit burns: insights for prevention.a.d safety

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 54-58页

作者： Maria Fazal Charbel Chidiac Raheel ahmad Oussama Issa Erica Hodgman.a.ejandro V Garcia Johns Hopkins School of Medicine BaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Surgery Division of Pediatric SurgeryJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA Division of the Biological Sciences University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA School of Medicine American University of BeirutBeirutLebanon

Introduction.a. fire pits grow in popularity,so do the associated burn *** study examines pediatric fire pit burns characteristics to raise awareness and promote safety *** We conducted a retrospective review of pediatric patients(ns at a tertiary care hospital from 2016 to *** Eighty-four patients were identified,of whom 70.2%were male,with a median.a.e of 62 *** median percent total body surface area burned was 2%(interquartile range(IQR)=1-4).Thirty-five(41.7%)patients were admitted and 7(8.3%)underwent *** and trunk burns had the highest grafting rates(66%and 33%,respectively).The hands(41.7%)and the lower extremities(27.4%)were the most frequently burned body *** leading causes of burns were ashes/hot coals(34.5%),flames(31.0%),and direct con.a.t(25.0%),often resulting from falling into the fire(59.5%)or running or playing in.a.tivities n.a. it(26.2%).Thirty-five(41.7%)were admitted for in.a.ient management,while 49(58.3%)were treated as ***(13.2%)underwent at least one reconstructive surgery,7(8.4%)had at least one rehabilitation visit,and 65(77.4%)had follow-up clinic *** median length of stay was 2 days(IQR=1.0-3.5).The peak months for burns were from August through October(n=40,46.0%),with an increase observed from 10 cases in 2016to 20 cases in *** Given the significant proportion of firepit burns resulting from un.a.e fire behaviors,it is crucial that caretakers are aware of proper firepit safety *** ofevidence Il.

关键词： burns admitted prevention

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