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Bulk and bubble-scale experimental studies of influence of nanoparticles on foam stability

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第3期25卷 347-357页

作者： Nurudeen Yekeen ahmad kamal idris Muhammad A.Manan Ali Mohamed Samin Abdul Rahim Risal Tan Xin Kun Department of Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 Johor BahruMalaysia

Influence of silicon oxide(SiO_2) and aluminum oxide(Al_2O_3) nanoparticles on the stability of nanoparticles and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) mixed solution foams was studied at bulk and bubble-scale. Foam apparent viscosity was also determined in Hele-Shaw cell In order to investigate the foam performance at static and dynamic conditions. Results show that the maximum adsorption of surfactant on the nanoparticles occurs at 3 wt% surfactant concentration. Foam stability increases while the foamability decreases with the increasing nanoparticle concentration. However, optimum nanoparticle concentration corresponding to maximum foam stability was obtained at 1.0 wt% nanoparticle concentration for the hydrophilic SiO_2/SDS and Al_2O_3/SDS foams. Foam performance was enhanced with increasing nanoparticles hydrophobicity. Air-foams were generally more stable than CO_2 *** apparent viscosity increased in the presence of nanoparticles from 20.34 mPa·s to 84.84 mPa·s while the film thickness increased from 27.5 μm to 136 μm. This study suggests that the static and dynamic stability of conventional foams could be improved with addition of appropriate concentration of nanoparticles into the surfactant solution. The nanoparticles improve foam stability by their adsorption and aggregation at the foam lamellae to increase film thickness and dilational viscoelasticity. This prevents liquid drainage and film thinning and improves foam stability both at the bulk and bubble scale.

关键词： Foam stability Bubble-scale Bulk-scale Nanoparticles Apparent viscosity

Green Lignosulphonate as co-surfactant for wettability alteration

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Petroleum Research 2020年第2期5卷 154-163页

作者： Zhe Qin Lim Nabilla Afzan Abdul Aziz ahmad kamal idris Nur Asyraf Md Akhir Center of Research of Enhanced Oil Recovery Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310SkudaiJohor BahruMalaysia

Surfactant flooding is one of the common tertiary method to recover remaining oil in the reservoir, byreducing the interfacial tension (IFT) between two immiscible fluids nevertheless, current surfactantforms emulsion and difficult to achieve ultra-low IFT between the water and oil without addition of cosurfactant. In this research, two types of anionic lignosulphonate-based surfactants, Sodium Lignosulphonate (SLS) and Calcium Lignosulphonate (CLS) are chosen as co-surfactant. The main surfactantused in this project is the common anionic surfactant, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) at a fixed concentration of 4 mmol/l. Each type of co-surfactant with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and2.0 wt %) was mixed with 4 mmol/L of SDS at each test tube to create the surfactant solution. The result ofthe experiment showed that at 0.5 wt % for SLS and CLS surfactant solution, the contact angle of oil tosurface lowered down with a reduction of 6° and 7° respectively. This indicate that the system will bemore water-wet which the oil droplet will be less adhesive to the rock surface. In conclusion, by using theoptimum concentration of 0.5 wt % lignosulphonate as co-surfactant is able to alter the wettability ofrocks and it is recommended to test the biological-based co-surfactant at increasing temperature as analternative to enhance the surfactant flooding performance which improves the oil recovery.

关键词： Biosurfactant Co-surfactant Wettability Microemulsion Water-wet

Application of Lignin from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch （EFB） in Surfactant Formulation

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第7期4卷 55-61页

作者： Wan Mohammad kamal Bin Wan Jaafar Muhammad A. Manan ahmad kamal idris Radzuan Junin Department of Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai 81310 Johor Malaysia

The use of surfactant in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) can help to increase oil production by lowering the interfacial tension at oil-water interfaces. However, the costs of surfactants derived from petroleum-based source are very expensive. In this study, lignin was extracted from black liquor obtained by pulping oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) with NaOH. The properties of extracted lignin were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet (UV) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C-NMR). The extracted lignin was used with amine and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) to form surfactant formulation for application in surfactant flooding. The stability and interfacial tension (IFT) of the formulation formed were determined. Based on the FTIR, UV and 13C-NMR results, there were no significant differences between extracted lignin and standard lignin. The results show that this formulation is stable and it can produce lower IFT compared to SDS and amine. This shows that lignin based surfactants have a good potential to be used in surfactant flooding.

关键词：表面活性剂驱木质素傅立叶变换红外光谱食物环境油棕应用十二烷基硫酸钠

Effect of tapping tools and date of tapping on Acacia polyacantha gum yield in South Kordofan State, Sudan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第1期22卷 117-122页

作者： idris Musa Adam kamal E.M. Fadl Agricultural Research Corporation Kadugli Research Station P.O. Box 10 Kadugli Sudan Agricultural Research Corporation El-Obied Research Station P.O. Box 429 El-Obied Sudan

A study was conducted in South Kordofan, Sudan to determine the effect of tapping, tapping tools and date of tapping on the gum yield of Acacia polyacantha. A two-factor experiment was conducted for two seasons in 2008-2009. One location was used for two seasons and two locations for one season. The first factor （4 levels） was the tools of tapping： Makmak, Farrar, and Sonki, and the control which was not tapped. The second factor （2 levels） was the date of tapping that comprises mid October and mid November. These treatments were arranged in Randomaized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. Gum yield （g/tree and g/ picking） was recorded for five pickings. Economic analysis was done using the partial budget technique. The results showed highly significant （p 〈 0.01） differences on gum yield （g/picking and g/tree）. The results indicated that the process of tapping increases gum production by 88.4% and 79.8% compared with un-tapped trees, respectively. The date of tapping has no significant effect on gum yield （g/tree and g/picking） of A. polyacantha. Tapping of the tree with Makmak in mid- November was found to be economically beneficial compared to using the other tools and the control. These results could identify a new source of income for the poor farmers in South Kordofan mainly because of the wild occurrence of Kakamut as a potential gum producing tree species grown naturally in the area.

关键词： Acacia polyacantha date of tapping gum yield Kakamut South Kordofan tapping tools

Determination of optimum tapping date for gum arabic production in South Kordofan State, Sudan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第4期22卷 685-688页

作者： idris Musa Adam kamal E.M. Fadl Agricultural Research Corporation Kadugli Research Station P.O. Box 10 Kadugli Sudan Agricultural Research Corporation El-Obeid Research Station P.O. Box 429 El-Obeid Sudan.

Acacia senegal, the gum arabic producing tree, is the most important tree species for the livelihood of the people in South Kordofan State, Sudan. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum tapping date for gum arabic production in the study area. A randomized complete block design experiment with three replications was conducted at （Mead） area for two continuous growing seasons 2008/2009 - 2009/2010. The treatments comprised six tapping dates （1 Oct, 15 Oct, 1 Nov, 15 Nov, 1 Dec, and 15 Dec）. Results ishowed highly significant differences （p 〈 0.001） in gum arabic yield （g／tree） in all pickings and in the total gum yield between the tapping dates. The results also showed that tapping of trees on 15 October and 1 November gave a higher yield compared to the other dates. The highest gum yield of 1086.6 and 661.2 g/tree was recorded on 15 October and 15 November, while the lowest gum yield of 297.9 g/tree was recorded when the trees were tapped on 1 October. The two highest-yield dates of tapping （15 Oct and 1 Nov） are recommended as the best time for tapping for gum arabic production in South Kordofan State. These results can be used to increase gum arabic production and farmer income in South Kordofan State.

关键词： gum Arabic date of tapping agroforestry system SouthKordofan Sudan

Effect of grass density and date of tapping on Acacia senegal gum yield in north kordofan state, Sudan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 169-172页

作者： idris M. Adam M. E. Ballal kamal El. M. Fadl Agricultural Research Corporation Kadugli Research StationP.O. Box 16KadugliSudan. Agricultural Research Corporation Forest Research CenterP.O. Box 13391Khartoum-Soba-Sudan. Agricultural Research Corporation El-Obeid Research StationP.O. Box 429El-ObeidSudan.

We conducted a two-factor experiment in randomized complete block design with four replications during 2004 in El Demokeya Forest Reserve and El Himaira Natural Forest, North Kordofan State, Sudan. The objective was to develop an understanding of the ecological effects of under-story vegetation and tapping date on the productivity of gum arabic from Acacia senegal as over story cover. The first factor was grass cover which was tested in four levels （100% and 50% grass cover in addition to bare and burnt）. The second factor, date of tapping was tested in three levels namely （1st Oct, 15th Oct and 1st Nov）. The first picking was done after 45 days from tapping and the gum yield up to seven pickings was collected at intervals of 15 days. Gum yield from each picking was collected and weighed using sensitive balance. Analysis of variance was carried out using MSTAT-C statistical package, and the Tukey test was applied for mean comparisons. The results showed highly significant differences （p 〈 0.01） of grass cover on gum arabic yield in the two sites for most of the first consecutive pickings （1st–4th out of seven） in addition to total yield （kg/ha）. With exception to the 4th pickings, the interaction effect between the grass densities and tapping date was not significantly different. The total gum yield was significantly （p 〈 0.05） increased in only two pickings （third and fourth） in El Demokeya Forest Reserve and two pickings （1st and 2nd） at El Himaira Natural Forest. The density of grass cover significantly （p 〈 0.05） affected the number of pickings at both sites; the number of gum pickings was directly proportional to grass density. The number of gum pickings was found to be significantly （p 〈 0.05） increased at the early date of tapping.

关键词： Acacia senegal grass density date of tapping gum arabic yield Sudan.

Blunt traumatic tension chylothorax:Case report and minireview of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2016年第11期4卷 380-384页

作者： kamal idris Michael Sebastian Ashraf F Hefny Navidul Haq Khan Fikri M Abu-Zidan Intensive Care Unit Al-Ain Hospital Department of Surgery Al-Ain Hospital Tawam Hospital Department of Surgery College of Medicine and Health SciencesUAE University

Tension chylothorax following blunt thoracic trauma is an extremely rare *** we report such a case and review its management.A 31-year-old man was involved in a road traffic *** car rolled over and the patient was ejected from the *** arrival at the Emergency Department the patient was conscious and haemodynamically *** examination of the chest and abdomen was *** patient had sustained fractures of the sixth cervical vertebra and the tenth thoracic vertebra,left pleural effusion,haematoma around the descending aorta and fracture of the right *** left pleural effusion continued to increase in size and caused displacement of the trachea and mediastinum to the opposite *** intercostal chest tube was inserted on the left side on the second *** drained 1500 mL of milky,bloodstained *** confirmed the diagnosis of chylothorax by a histopathological examination of a cell block prepared from the left pleural effusion using Oil red O *** patient was managed conservatively with chest tube drainage and fat free *** chylothorax completely resolved on the eighth day after the *** patient was discharged home on day 16.

关键词： Trauma Injury Chest Chylothorax Thoracic duct

Decay of Rhizophora apiculata(Blume)and Xylocarpus granatum(Koenig)detrital sources in the Sarawak Mangrove,Malaysia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 613-623页

作者： Abu Hena Mustafa kamal Mohammed Muzammel Hoque Mohd Hanafi idris Osumanu Haruna Ahmed Md.Khurshid Alam Bhuiyan Md.Masum Billah Md.Nesarul Hoque Zamri Rosli Department of Animal Science and Fishery Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia Campus Bintulu97008 BintuluSarawakMalaysia School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala TerengganuTerengganu Darul ImanMalaysia Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversity Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus97008 BintuluSarawakMalaysia Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Marine and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CadizPuerto Real CampusPoligono San Pedro s/n Puerto Real11519 CadizSpain The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences Kagoshima University1-21-24 KorimotoKagoshima 890-0056Japan Department of Forestry Faculty of Agriculture and Food SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus97008 BintuluSarawakMalaysia

Decaying mangrove detritus plays a significant role in nutrient cycling and fueling in both the forests and aquatic habitats where the detritus stems from estuarine and coastal food *** decay rates partly depend on the type of detritus,but most studies have thus far focused on leaf litter decay and decomposition,whereas other detrital sources(except for roots)have largely been *** compare the decay rates of Rhizophora apiculata and Xylocarpus granatum non-leafy detritus(flowers,propagules,stipules,and twigs)with mangrove leaf litter in field studies,using litter bags during the dry and the wet seasons in the tropical mangrove forest of Sibuti,Sarawak,*** observed higher microbial decay rates of stipules,flowers,propagules,and twigs for both the *** and *** the wet *** contrast,leaf decay rates were higher during the dry *** rates depended on the lignin content of the detrital sources of both species,both during dry and wet ***,the half-life(T0.5)and 95%lifespan(T0.95)of non-leaf materials(flowers,propagules,stipules and twigs)for both species were remarkably longer than those of leaf *** decaying non-leafy detritus may play a significant role in nutrient and carbon cycling over longer time,when leaf litter is either being decomposing rapidly and/or being washed away by tidal flush and river ***,non-leafy(flowers,propagules,stipules and twigs)detritus should be taken into account when budgeting organic matter turnover in mangroves.

关键词： Microbial decay Decay constants Non-leafy detritus Sibuti mangrove Malaysia

Extensive Quantitative Analysis of Gallstones

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2014年第1期5卷 42-50页

作者： Saadeldin A. idris kamal Elzaki Elsiddig Aamir A. Hamza Mohamed M. Hafiz Mohammed H. F. Shalayel Department of Biochemistry National College for Medical and Technical Studies Khartoum Sudan Department of Surgery College of Medicine University of Bahri Khartoum Sudan Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Alzaeim Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan

Background: The chemical composition of gallstones is essential to study aetiopathogenesis of gallstone disease. Objective: To determine the composition of gallstones in a Sudanese population. Patients and methods: It describes an extensive quantitative analysis of gallstones from patients presented with symptomatic gall stone disease and treated by cholecystectomy after the acceptance of the pre-given informed consent in Khartoum teaching hospital in the period between Jan 2010 and Dec 2010. Using a pretested questionnaire data collected from and analyzed statistically by SPSS computer program version 21. Results: Data are analyzed from 94 patients (six males and 88 females). Cholesterol stones showed a significantly higher cholesterol content than pigment stones (p = 0.0042), though not significantly higher than mixed stones. Their phospholipids content and inorganic phosphates were higher than in the other types of stones and oxalate content was significantly elevated in comparison with mixed stones (p = 0.0402). In mixed stones, the cholesterol, bile acids, and bilirubin were intermediate between cholesterol and pigment stones, whereas triglycerides were significantly more than pigment stones (p = 0.0007). Bilirubin (p = 0.0021) and bile acids (p = 0.0016) were significantly higher than cholesterol stones (p = 0.0001) and (p = 0.0001) respectively. However, they contained the lowest amounts of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and oxalate. In pigment stones, bilirubin was significantly higher (p = 0.0001) than both groups. Conclusion: Collaborations between surgeons, nutritionists, biochemists, and physicians should be stimulated in future studies to define the different types of gall stones in different areas in Sudan and the relevancy of such types with diets’ traditions.

关键词： Cholesterol Stone (CS) Gallstone (GS) Mixed Stone (MS) Pigment Stone (PS)