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An Effective Runge-Kutta Optimizer Based on Adaptive Population Size and Search Step Size

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3443-3464页

作者： Ala Kana imtiaz ahmad Department of Computer Engineering College of Engineering and PetroleumKuwait UniversityKuwait CityKuwait

A newly proposed competent population-based optimization algorithm called RUN,which uses the principle of slope variations calculated by applying the Runge Kutta method as the key search mechanism,has gained wider interest in solving optimization ***,in high-dimensional problems,the search capabilities,convergence speed,and runtime of RUN *** work aims at filling this gap by proposing an improved variant of the RUN algorithm called the *** size plays a vital role in both runtime efficiency and optimization effectiveness of metaheuristic *** the original RUN where population size is fixed throughout the search process,Adaptive-RUN automatically adjusts population size according to two population size adaptation techniques,which are linear staircase reduction and iterative halving,during the search process to achieve a good balance between exploration and exploitation *** addition,the proposed methodology employs an adaptive search step size technique to determine a better solution in the early stages of evolution to improve the solution quality,fitness,and convergence speed of the original ***-RUN performance is analyzed over 23 IEEE CEC-2017 benchmark functions for two cases,where the first one applies linear staircase reduction with adaptive search step size(LSRUN),and the second one applies iterative halving with adaptive search step size(HRUN),with the original *** promote green computing,the carbon footprint metric is included in the performance evaluation in addition to runtime and *** results based on the Friedman andWilcoxon tests revealed that Adaptive-RUN can produce high-quality solutions with lower runtime and carbon footprint values as compared to the original RUN and three recent ***,with its higher computation efficiency,Adaptive-RUN is a much more favorable choice as compared to RUN in time stringent applications.

关键词： Optimization Runge Kutta(RUN) metaheuristic algorithm exploration exploitation population size adaptation adaptive search step size

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Detrended analysis of Reynolds stress in a decaying turbulent flow in a wind tunnel with active grids

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第1期26卷 122-128页

作者： ahmad imtiaz 黄永祥卢志明 Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University Department of Mathematics University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai University

Multi-scale properties of Reynolds stress in decaying turbulence in a wind tunnel with high Reynolds number are investi-gated. Two filtering techniques i.e., the zeroth-order and first-order detrending methods are applied to the two velocity components, where the local mean value （resp. local linear trend） is removed in the former （latter） technique. Some basic statistics for thirty mea-surements show that the variation is very large at first two locations and relatively small at last two locations. Moderately good power law is found for the mean value of local Reynolds stress at last three measurement locations with scaling exponents approxi-mately being 1.0 and a dual power law exists for the mean value of standard deviation of local Reynolds stress at all four measureme-nt locations with scaling exponents being 0.53 and 0.58 for zeroth-and first-order filtering respectively. Present results about local Reynolds stress are useful to build and evaluate the model of sub-grid Reynolds stress in large eddy simulations.

关键词： Reynolds stress multi-scale analysis detrended analysis power law

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Longitudinal and transverse structure functions in decaying nearly homogeneous and isotropic turbulence

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第1期23卷 272-278页

作者： imtiaz ahmad 卢志明刘宇陆 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China Department of Mathematics University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzaffarabad 13100 Pakistan

Streamwise evolution of longitudinal and transverse velocity structure functions in a decaying homogeneous and nearly isotropic turbulence is reported for Reynolds numbers Reλ up to 720. First, two theoretical relations between longitudinal and transverse structure functions are examined in the light of recently derived relations and the results show that the low-order transverse structure functions can be well approximated by longitudinal ones within the sub-inertial range. Reconstruction of fourth-order transverse structure functions with a recently proposed relation by Grauer et al. is comparatively less valid than the relation already proposed by Antonia et al. Secondly, extended self-similarity methods are used to measure the scaling exponents up to order eight and the streamwise evolution of scaling exponents is explored. The scaling exponents of longitudinal structure functions are, at first location, close to Zybin's model, and at the fourth location, close to She–Leveque model. No obvious trend is found for the streamwise evolution of longitudinal scaling exponents, whereas, on the contrary, transverse scaling exponents become slightly smaller with the development of a steamwise direction. Finally, the stremwise variation of the order-dependent isotropy ratio indicates the turbulence at the last location is closer to isotropic than the other three locations.

关键词： fully developed turbulence longitudinal and transverse structure functions scaling exponents intermittency

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An Efficient Meshless Method for Hyperbolic Telegraph Equations in (1 + 1) Dimensions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第8期128卷 687-698页

作者： Fuzhang Wang Enran Hou imtiaz ahmad Hijaz ahmad Yan Gu College of Mathematics and Statistics Xuzhou University of TechnologyXuzhou221018China College of Mathematics Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei235000China Department of Mathematics University of SwabiSwabi25000Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences University of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan College of Mathematics Qingdao UniversityQingdao266071China

Numerical solutions of the second-order one-dimensional hyperbolic telegraph equations are presented using the radial basis *** purpose of this paper is to propose a simple novel direct meshless scheme for solving hyperbolic telegraph *** is fulfilled by considering time variable as normal space *** this scheme,there is no need to remove time-dependent variable during the whole solution *** the numerical solution accuracy depends on the condition of coefficient matrix derived from the radial basis function *** propose a simple shifted domain method,which can avoid the full-coefficient interpolation matrix *** experiments performed with the proposed numerical scheme for several second-order hyperbolic telegraph equations are presented with some discussions.

关键词： Radial basis functions telegraph equation shifted domain method meshless method

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乳液催化剂存在下空气辅助甲酸氧化法使油品脱硫(英文)

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催化学报 2013年第10期34卷 1839-1847页

作者： ahmad imtiaz ahmad Waqas Ishaq Muhammad Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ODS) of model oil and commercial oil samples was investigated using an air-assisted performic acid oxidation system with a phase transfer or emulsion catalyst comprising a quaternary ammonium salt-based *** emulsion catalysts with a Keggin type heteroployoxometalate anion(containing W,Mo,and V) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide cation were prepared and characterized by X-ray fluorescence,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and scanning electron microscopy.[C16H33N(CH3)3]3[PW9Mo3O40] was the most effective catalyst in the current oxidation system,which reduced the sulfur content of the model oil from 1275 μg/g to 57 μg/*** reactivity order of different model sulfur compounds was thiophene < dibenzothiophene < 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene. The ODS of model sulfur compounds followed first order kinetics with apparent activation energy from 29 to 27 kJ/*** catalysts also performed efficiently in the ODS of the industrial oil samples,including untreated naphtha,light gas oil,heavy gas oil,and Athabasca oil sands derived bitumen,for which sulfur removal rates were 83%,85%,68% and 64%,respectively.

关键词： Catalytic oxidative desulfurization Performic acid oxidation Emulsion catalyst Heteropolyoxometalate Air oxidation

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Modeling the dynamical behavior of the interaction of T-cells and human immunodeficiency virus with saturated incidence

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 1-14页

作者： Salah Boulaaras Rashid Jan Amin Khan Ali Allahem imtiaz ahmad Salma Bahramand Department of Mathematics College of ScienceQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia Institute of Energy Infrastructure(IEI) Department of Civil EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversiti Tenaga Nasional(UNITEN)Putrajaya CampusJalan IKRAM-UNITEN43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Department of Mathematics University of SwabiSwabi 23561Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of SciencesQassim UniversitySaudi Arabia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy(IICE) Universiti Tenaga NasionalKajangSelangorMalaysia Department of Political Science Bacha Khan University CharsaddaCharsadda 24420KPK Pakistan

In the last forty years,the rise of HIV has undoubtedly become a major concern in the field of public health,imposing significant economic burdens on affected ***,it becomes imperative to undertake comprehensive investigations into the mechanisms governing the dissemination of HIV within the human *** this work,we have devised a mathematical model that elucidates the intricate interplay between CD4^(+)T-cells and viruses of HIV,employing the principles of fractional *** production rate of CD4^(+)T-cells,like other immune cells depends on certain factors such as age,health status,and the presence of infections or ***,we incorporate a variable source term in the dynamics of HIV infection with a saturated incidence rate to enhance the precision of our *** introduce the fundamental concepts of fractional operators as a means of scrutinizing the proposed HIV *** facilitate a deeper understanding of our system,we present an iterative scheme that elucidates the trajectories of the solution pathways of the *** show the time series analysis of our model through numerical findings to conceptualize and understand the key factors of the *** addition to this,we present the phase portrait and the oscillatory behavior of the system with the variation of different input *** information can be utilized to predict the long-term behavior of the system,including whether it will converge to a steady state or exhibit periodic or chaotic oscillations.

关键词： HIV infection fractional-calculus dynamics of HIV iterative scheme dynamical behaviour mathematical model fractional derivatives

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Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Efficient Cluster Head Selection in WSN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3585-3629页

作者： imtiaz ahmad Tariq Hussain Babar Shah Altaf Hussain Iqtidar Ali Farman Ali Institute of Computer Sciences and Information Technology The University of AgriculturePeshawarPakistan School of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhouChina College of Technological Innovation Zayed UniversityDubaiUnited Arab Emirates School of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China Department of Applied AI School of ConvergenceCollege of Computing and InformaticsSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063South Korea

Numerous wireless networks have emerged that can be used for short communication ranges where the infrastructure-based networks may fail because of their installation and *** of them is a sensor network with embedded sensors working as the primary nodes,termed Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),in which numerous sensors are connected to at least one Base Station(BS).These sensors gather information from the environment and transmit it to a BS or gathering *** have several challenges,including throughput,energy usage,and network lifetime *** strategies have been applied to get over these *** may,therefore,be thought of as the best way to solve such ***,it is crucial to analyze effective Cluster Head(CH)selection to maximize efficiency throughput,extend the network lifetime,and minimize energy *** paper proposed an Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization(APSO)algorithm based on the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy(LEACH),Neighboring Based Energy Efficient Routing(NBEER),Cooperative Energy Efficient Routing(CEER),and Cooperative Relay Neighboring Based Energy Efficient Routing(CR-NBEER)*** the help of APSO in the implementation of the WSN,the main methodology of this article has taken *** simulation findings in this study demonstrated that the suggested approach uses less energy,with respective energy consumption ranges of 0.1441 to 0.013 for 5 CH,1.003 to 0.0521 for 10 CH,and 0.1734 to 0.0911 for 15 *** sending packets ratio was also raised for all three CH selection scenarios,increasing from 659 to *** number of dead nodes likewise dropped for the given combination,falling between 71 and *** network lifetime was deemed to have risen based on the results found.A hybrid with a few valuable parameters can further improve the suggested APSO-based *** to underwater,WSN can make use of the proposed *** overall results have been evaluated and

关键词： Wireless sensor network cluster head selection low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy accelerated particle swarm optimization

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Determination of Essential Fatty Acid Composition among Mutant Lines of Canola (Brassica napus),through High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第12期51卷 1080-1085页

作者： Ghulam Raza Aquil Siddique imtiaz ahmad Khan Muhammed Yasin Ashraf Abdullah Khatri Plant Genetic Division Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tando Jam 70060 Pakistan Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan

The present study aimed to quantify the methyl esters of lenoleic acid （LA）, γ-lenolenic acid （LNA） and oleic acid （OL） in the oil of Brassica napus mutants. Five stable mutants （ROO-75/1, ROO-100/6, ROO-125/12, ROO-125/14, and ROO-125/17） of B. napus cv. ＇Rainbow＇（P） and three mutants （W97-95/16, W97-0.75/11 and W97-.075/13） of B. napus cv. ＇Westar＇（P） at M6 stage, exhibiting better yield and yield components, were analyzed for essential fatty acids. The highest seed yield was observed in the mutant （ROO-100/6） followed by ROO-125/14 of Rainbow, that is, 34% and 32% higher than their parent plants, respectively. Westar mutant W97-75/11 also showed 30% higher seed yield than its parent plant. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the composition of fatty acids indicated that OL was the most dominant fatty acid, ranging from 39.t to 66.3%; LA was second （15.3-41.6%） and LNA was third （18.1-28.9%）. Mutant ROO-125/14 showed higher OL contents than parent （Rainbow）. These results are expected to support the approval of ROO-125/14 in the National Uniform Varietal Yield Trials （NUVYT） as a new variety based on high oil quality.

关键词： Brassica high performance liquid chromatography lenoleic acid lenolenic acid oleic acid.

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Desulphurization of Transportation Fuels by Per-Formic Acid Oxidant Using MoOx Loaded on ZSM-5 Catalyst

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2017年第12期5卷 87-99页

作者： Waqas ahmad imtiaz ahmad Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan

Desulphurization of model and real oil samples was investigated using performic acid as oxidant assisted by air as co-oxidant. The catalysts used were Mo-oxide supported on ZSM-5 zeolite, which was synthesized in the laboratory and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and SSA analysis. In case of model oil, the optimum condition determined for complete oxidation of all the model compounds including thiophene, DBT and 4,6-DMDBT were;60?C, 60 min, ambient pressure and air flow rate of 100 mL/min. The oxidation reactivity decreased from 4,6-DMDBT to DBT and thiophene, which was found to follow pseudo first order kinetics. The real oil sample used in the study included untreated naphtha (NP), light gas oil (LGO), heavy gas oil (HGO) and Athabasca bitumen (Bit.). In case of NP and LGO the sulfur removal of above 78% was attained whereas in case of HGO and Bit. samples about 60% of desulfurization was achieved.

关键词： Molybdenum Oxide NH4-ZSM-5 Oxidative Desulphurization Air Oxidation Performic Acid Model Sulfur Compounds Wet-Impregnation

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Simultaneous operation of dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization and methanol reforming reactions over Pd promoted alumina based catalysts

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燃料化学学报 2012年第6期40卷 714-720页

作者： Muhammad Yaseen Muhammad Shakimllah imtiaz ahmad Ata Ur Rahman Faiz Ur Rahman Muhammad Usman Rauf Razzaq Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar Khyberpukhtunkhwa Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

In the current study simultaneous reactions of hydrodesulfurization(HDS) of dibenzothiophene(DBT) and reforming of methanol in a micro-autoclave reactor were studied over bi-metallic(Co-Mo/Al2O3 and Ni-Mo/Al2O3) and tri-metallic(Pd-Co-Mo/Al2O3 and Pd-Ni-Mo/Al2O3) catalyst systems which were prepared by incipient impregnation *** situ hydrogen utilization and low Pd loadings were the major targets of this *** comparison purpose,catalytic activity was separately determined for both the methanol reforming and HDS of DBT reactions as *** based catalysts were confirmed with better activity than Co ones for both the reactions with Pd promoted ones ranking at the top ***-Ni-Mo/Al2O3 > Ni-Mo/Al2O3 > Pd-Co-Mo/Al2O3 > Co-Mo/Al2O3 where Pd-Ni-Mo/Al2O3 showed 91% DBT conversion at 380 ℃ and 12 h reaction *** of the selected organic additives on catalytic activity were tested for their effect toward HDS reaction which was unique with close relation to their chemical *** products were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed via HPLC and GC-MS techniques respectively which helped in elucidating reaction mechanism.

关键词：加氢脱硫二苯并噻吩催化剂高效液相色谱法

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