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Evaluation of Renal disorders in Type 2 diabetic Patients Using Ultrsonography

Open Journal of medical Imaging 2013年第4期3卷 165-170页

作者： Saddig d. Jastaniah Naglaa m. Alsayed Ibrahim A. Awad Hashim R. Fida Hammad H. Elniel diagnostic Radiology department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudia Arabia Family medicine department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudia Arabia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 dm) is one of the common epidemics worldwide. The prevalence of type 2 dm is high among Saudi population. Renal affection by dm is in the form of nephropathy that may end in the end stage of renal disease (ESRd) and renal failure warrants chronic dialysis or renal transplantation. Renal Ultrasonography (US) is a simple, accurate, affordable and non-invasive test that can help in management of type 2 dm patients who have renal affection. Four hundred patients, aged from 13 - 93 years with type 2 dm were recruited from the outpatient internal and family medicine clinics at KAUH. Renal US was requested for 202 patients, and was done at the diagnostic radiology department using digital iU22 Philips machine with 3.5 - 5 mHz convex array transducer. The renal size, parenchymal echogenicity and associated renal pathologies e.g. stones, cysts or masses were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS program version 16. most cases showed normal renal size and echogenicity. Grade one nephropathy was more than grade two or three. Nephropathy was non-significantly correlated to the patients’ gender, but to their age. Increased patients’ age was associated with increased renal echogenicity. Non-diabetes-related renal abnormalities were detected in 39% of patients. The most common of non-diabetes-related renal abnormalities was simple renal cyst followed by renal stones (25% and 23%) respectively. Renal US for patients with type 2 dm has a great role in diagnosing and grading diabetic nephropathy, selecting cases with non-diabetic nephropathy for renal biopsy, and detecting associated renal abnormalities. due to the high prevalence of dm in Saudi Arabia, we recommend future expanding study of the underlying possible genetic relation between dm and renal cysts and also the relation between renal stones and type 2 dm.

关键词： Nephropathy Ultrasound diabetic Grade Parenchyma

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海兰瓦利铜矿的采场破碎和胶带运输系统

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国外金属矿山 1995年第5期20卷 9-14页

作者： A.d.麦克费尔 d.m.理查兹刘勇加拿大海兰瓦利铜矿公司

海兰瓦利铜矿（HisnlandValleyCopper）公司现在开采两个低品位矿体──洛内克斯（Lornex）和瓦利（Valley）矿体。该公司成立于1986年。作为一种降低成本的措施，公司决定采用一套采场破碎和胶带运输系统，从瓦利露天矿向3km远、高出... 详细信息

海兰瓦利铜矿（HisnlandValleyCopper）公司现在开采两个低品位矿体──洛内克斯（Lornex）和瓦利（Valley）矿体。该公司成立于1986年。作为一种降低成本的措施，公司决定采用一套采场破碎和胶带运输系统，从瓦利露天矿向3km远、高出露天矿地表175的洛内克斯选矿厂运送矿石。该系统采用两台族回破碎机，向一系列带式输送机给矿．以最大运输能力130kt／d向主贮矿场运矿。本文描述了该采场破碎系统在目前配置方式下的运行情况，以及该系统至今的演变过程和今后的移设计划。

关键词：铜矿采砀破碎机带式运输系统胶带

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车用发动机冷却液冷却的中冷器

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汽车与新动力 2002年第4期34卷 49-54页

作者： Banzhaf m Hendrix d Kern J 蔡杰浙江银轮机械股份有限公司

将增压空气加以冷却的增压几乎在所有的柴油机上而且也越来越多地在汽油机上获得应用。这种增压用来提高发动机的功率并降低排放和燃油耗。采用新的冷却液冷却的中冷方案可使增压空气的压差比目前空气冷却的系统有所降低,汽车前端的安... 详细信息

将增压空气加以冷却的增压几乎在所有的柴油机上而且也越来越多地在汽油机上获得应用。这种增压用来提高发动机的功率并降低排放和燃油耗。采用新的冷却液冷却的中冷方案可使增压空气的压差比目前空气冷却的系统有所降低,汽车前端的安装空间可以缩小,同时响应时间也可缩短。本文以实例介绍Behr(贝尔)公司冷却液冷却的中冷方案、增压空气/冷却液-冷却器的结构型式及其优点。

关键词：汽车发动机增压中间冷却器

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data-driven analysis of chemicals,proteins and pathways associated with peanut allergy:from molecular networking to biological interpretation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1322-1335页

作者： Emmanuel Kemmler Julian Braun Florent Fauchère Sabine dölle-Bierke Kirsten Beyer Robert Preissner margitta Worm Priyanka Banerjee Institute for Physiology Charité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany member of the KFO339 FOOD@Berlin 10115Germany Si-m/“der Simulierte mensch”a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin 10115Germany Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlin 10115Germany division of Allergy and Immunology Department of DermatologyVenerology and AllergyCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Pediatrics Campus VirchowCharité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany

Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic *** food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fish and shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food ***,we provide promising insights using a large-scale data-driven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and biological relevance of different ingredients presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios)and ***,we have analysed the chemical compositions of peanuts in different processed form raw,boiled and *** the data-driven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and its isoform and their interaction with dietary lipids may have significant effect on allergic *** results obtained from this study will direct future experimeantal and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.

关键词： Allergy informatics Knowledge-graph data analysis Food allergy Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Fatty acids

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聚合物光稳定的机理

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塑料 1982年第1期 29-36页

作者： d.m.Wiles d.J.Carlsson 宋玉春长春应用化学研究所

各种聚合物的关键性降解过程和可使这些过程极小化的光稳定机理一併加以评述。聚合物可便当地分为两类。第一类有内在吸光基因,吸收大量的阳光紫外线,故光降解以初级过程为主,直接造成链断裂的,因而利用紫外吸收剂或不透明颜料实现稳定... 详细信息

各种聚合物的关键性降解过程和可使这些过程极小化的光稳定机理一併加以评述。聚合物可便当地分为两类。第一类有内在吸光基因,吸收大量的阳光紫外线,故光降解以初级过程为主,直接造成链断裂的,因而利用紫外吸收剂或不透明颜料实现稳定化最有效;第二类"无吸光基因",在近紫外区是透过的,其降解则起因于发色团杂质引发的链式氧化过程。前者包括聚芳香酰胺、聚碳酸酯和聚酯类;后者有聚烯烃和聚氯乙烯。就聚丙烯而论,光氧化的主要产物是氢过氧化物,它光解引发进一步氧化。用于聚烯烃的各种紫外稳定剂的效能似乎可归功于其分解氢过氧化物与(或)清除氧化过程中的自由基中间体的能力。

关键词：聚合物光降解发色团稳定化反应大分子化合物光老化过氧化物光化学反应光氧化

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diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System. Immunophenotype, Clinicopathological Features and differential diagnosis

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Open Journal of Pathology 2012年第4期2卷 133-139页

作者： mónica Belinda Romero-Guadarrama maría Esther Gutiérrez díaz-Ceballos Fiacro Jiménez-Ponce Samantha Thingen-Velarde Hemathology Service Hospital General de México Mexico City Mexico mónica Belinda Romero-Guadarrama Neurosurgery Unit Hospital General de méxico Mexico City Mexico Unit Pathology Hospital General de méxico Medicine School Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City Mexico

Background: diffuse large B-cell lymphomas of the central nervous system (dLBCL CNS) represent less than 1% of all lymphomas and between 2% and 3% of all cerebral tumors. They occur in adults of 60 years of age or more. The objective of this work is to describe the clinical-pathological characteristics, the immunophenotype and the differential diagnosis. Clinical Case: From the files of the surgical pathology unit we found four cases of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system in a 6-year period. Three corresponded to women over 47 years of age and the other to a 42-year-old man. The time of evolution was between 2 and 4 months. The symptoms were headache, blurred vision, hemiparesis, and seizures. Localization was in the pineal region, the frontal, parietal regions, and the right thalamus. morphologically, large lymphoid cells with a diffuse growth pattern and necrosis were observed. Immunohistochemical markers, such as Cd 20 and bcl2 were positive, one was positive to Cd3. Expression of bcl6 and Cd 10 was positive in one case, and mUm-1 was positive in three cases. All the cases were negative for Epstein-Barr virus. Conclusions: The diffuse large-B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system is rare. Its average age of presentation is at 60 years or older. The localization is in the pineal, frontal, parietal and thalamic regions. Three cases were originated by activated B lymphocyte (mUm-1 expression) and other from the Germinal Center (GC) (Cd 10 expression). The clinical course was bad. The four patients died shortly after the diagnosis.

关键词： Primary Lymphoma Central Nervous System

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熔融纺制的沥青基炭纤维

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炭素技术 1990年第4期9卷 17-22页

作者： d.d.Edie m.G.dunham 袁经琏

虽然沥青基炭纤维可以熔融纺制,但中间相沥青的流动性使得它极难处置。同许多液体一样,中间相沥青也可以是非牛顿型的。但其粘度对温度的敏感性要比大多数熔融纺丝物料的感性高得多。在本研究中,应用能量平衡和力平衡来论证工艺参数和... 详细信息

虽然沥青基炭纤维可以熔融纺制,但中间相沥青的流动性使得它极难处置。同许多液体一样,中间相沥青也可以是非牛顿型的。但其粘度对温度的敏感性要比大多数熔融纺丝物料的感性高得多。在本研究中,应用能量平衡和力平衡来论证工艺参数和原料性质对中间相可纺性的影响。研究结果表明:在熔融纺丝期间,温度与中间相粘度的相关性会产生丝的应力,这种应力接近丝的抗拉强度极限。因此,在沥青基炭纤维形成过程中,控制温度和传热速率是极为关键的。

关键词：沥青基炭纤维熔融纺丝

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Low Temperature Glycerolysis as a High FFA Pre-Treatment method for Biodiesel Production

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第4期3卷 248-254页

作者： Godlisten G. Kombe Abraham K. Temu Hassan m. Rajabu Godwill d. mrema Keat Teong Lee 不详

A novel low temperature glycerolysis process for lowering free fatty acid (FFA) in crude jatropha oil for alkali catalyzed transesterification has been developed. The response surface methodology (RSm) based on central composite design was used to model and optimize the glycerolysis efficiency under three reaction variables namely;reaction time, temperature and glycerol to oil mass ratio. The optimum conditions for highest glycerolysis efficiency of 98.67% were found to be temperature of 65℃, reaction time of 73 minutes and 2.24 g/g glycerol to oil mass ratio. These conditions lower the high free fatty acid of crude jatropha oil from 4.54% to 0.0654% which is below 3% recommended for alkali catalyzed transesterification. The pre-treated crude jatropha oil was then transesterified by using homogeneous base transesterification resulting to a conversion of 97.87%. The fuel properties of jatropha biodiesel obtained were found to be comparable to those of ASTm d6751 and EN 14214 standards. The process can also utilize the crude glycerol from the transesterification reaction, hence lowering the cost of biodiesel. The glycerolysis is easier implemented than acid esterification thereby avoiding the need for neutralization and alcohol removal step.

关键词： Biodiesel Glycerolysis Free Fatty Acid Re-Esterification

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Large-diameter trees, snags, and deadwood in southern Utah, USA

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 130-141页

作者： James A.Lutz Soren Struckman Tucker J.Furniss Joseph d.Birch Larissa *** darren J.mcAvoy department of Wildland Resources S.J.and Jessie E.Quinney College of Natural ResourcesUtah State University5230 Old Main HillLoganUT 84322-5230USA. department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada.

Background:The epidemic dendroctonus rufipennis(spruce beetle)outbreak in the subalpine forests of the Colorado Plateau in the 1990s killed most larger Picea engelmannii(Engelmann spruce)*** quarter century later,the larger snags are beginning to fall,transitioning to deadwood(down woody debris)where they may influence fire behavior,regeneration,and habitat ***:We tracked all fallen trees≥1 cm in diameter at breast height(1.37-m high)and mapped all pieces of deadwood≥10-cm diameter and≥1 m in length within 13.64 ha of a high-elevation mixed-species forest in the Picea–Abies zone annually for 5 years from 2015 through *** examined the relative contribution of Picea engelmannii to snag and deadwood pools relative to other species and the relative contributions of large-diameter trees(≥33.2 cm at this subalpine site).We compared spatially explicit mapping of deadwood to traditional measures of surface fuels and introduce a new method for approximating vertical distribution of ***:In this mixed-species forest,there was relatively high density and basal area of live Picea engelmannii 20 years after the beetle outbreak(36 trees ha^(−1) and 1.94 m^(2) ha^(−1)≥10-cm diameter)contrasting with the near total mortality of mature Picea in forests *** from tree boles≥10-cm diameter on the ground had biomass of 42 mg ha^(−1),7 mg ha^(−1) of Picea engelmannii,and 35 mg ha^(−1) of other *** live aboveground biomass was 119 mg ha^(−1),while snag biomass was 36 mg ha^(−1).mean total fuel loading measured with planar transects was 63 mg ha^(−1) but varied more than three orders of magnitude(0.1 to 257 mg ha^(−1)).Planar transects recorded 32 mg ha^(−1) of wood≥7.62-cm diameter compared to the 42 mg ha^(−1) of wood≥10-cm diameter recorded by explicit *** pieces of deadwood were often stacked,forming a vertical structure likely to contribute to active fire ***:Bark beetle mortality in the 1990s has made

关键词： Cedar Breaks National monument dendroctonus rufipennis Utah Forest dynamics Plot Vertical fuel structure

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Rangeland hillslope lengths:A case study at the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed,southeastern Arizona

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第4期10卷 597-609页

作者： Li Li mark A.Nearing Philip Heilman mary H.Nichols d.P.Guertin C.J.Williams School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZ85705USA USdA-Agricultural Research Service Southwest Watershed Research CenterTucsonAZ85719USA

Rangeland hillslopes provide much of the sediment supplied to channel systems and their lengths exert a fundamental constraint on hillslope diffusive ***,information regarding lengths of rangeland hillslopes,and how best to estimate them,is *** this study,three groups of watersheds(10 in total)were selected from the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed according to their geology,soil and vegetation *** 1 watersheds were at lower elevations dominated by shrubs,Group 3 were at high elevations dominated by grass,and Group 2 were mixed shrub and *** hillslope lengths were calculated from 1 m-resolution dEms using three methods:a flow routing algorithm,slope-area relationships,and inverted relationship with drainage *** that characterize the current watersheds,including Hack's exponent and coefficient,watershed shape coefficient,channel concavity and steepness,and surface roughness,were quantified and related to hillslope *** shows:(1)estimated hillslope lengths were different for the three methods and between the three groups of watersheds;(2)hillslope lengths that measured from the flow routing algorithm for the ten selected watersheds primarily ranged from 30 to 100 m,with a median value of 63.0 m,which was 20%e50%greater than those derived from slope-area plots or drainage densities;(3)hillslope lengths estimated from the flow routing method were greater in Group 3 watersheds than in Group 2 and then in Group 1 *** attributed these differences in hillslope lengths to the historic epeirogenic pulses,watershed and drainage network morphology,and differences in vegetation characteristics;(4)measured hillslope lengths from the flow routing algorithm were best correlated with hillslope relief,then surface roughness,channel steepness and *** results would benefit the applications of hydrological and erosion models in rangelands.

关键词： Rangeland hillslope Slope length drainage density Slope-area relationship Hillslope hydrology

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