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Changes in various metabolic parameters in blood and milk during experimental Escherichia coli mastitis for primiparous Holstein dairy cows during early lactation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 37-46页

作者： Kasey m moyes Torben Larsen Peter S?rensen Klaus L Ingvartsen department of Animal and Avian Sciences University of Maryland142 Animal Sciences BuildingMD 20742-231120910 College ParkMDUSA department of Animal Science Faculty of Science and TechnologyAarhus University

Background： The objective of this study was to characterize the changes in various metabolic parameters in blood and milk during ImI challenge with Escherichia coli （E. coh. for dairy cows during early lactation. Thirty, healthy primiparous Holstein cows were infused （h = 0） with -20-40 cfu of live E. coil into one front mammary quarter at -4-6 wk in lactation. daily feed intake and milk yield were recorded. At -12, 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, 180 and 192 h relative to challenge rectal temperatures were recorded and quarter foremilk was collected for analysis of shedding of E. coil Composite milk samples were collected at -180, -132, -84, -36, -12, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 132 and 180 h relative to challenge （h=0） and analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase （LdH）, somatic cell count, fat, protein, lactose, citrate, beta-hydroxybutyrate （BHBA）, free glucose （fglu）, and glucose-6-phosphate （G6P）. Blood was collected at -12, 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 60, 72, 84, 132 and 180 h relative to challenge and analyzed for plasma non-esterified fatty acids （NEFA）, BHBA and glucose concentration. A generalized linear mixed model was used to determine the effect of ImI challenge on metabolic responses of cows during early lactation. Results： By 12 h, E. coli was recovered from challenged quarters and shedding continued through 72 h. Rectal temperature peaked by 12 h post-challenge and returned to pre-challenge values by 36 h post-ImI challenge. daily feed intake and milk yield decreased （P 〈0.05） by 1 and 2 d, respectively, after mastitis challenge. Plasma BHBA decreased （12 h, P 〈0.05） from 0.96± 1.1 at 0 h to 0.57±0.64 mmol/L by ]8 h whereas concentration of plasma NEFA （78 h） and glucose （24 h） were significantly greater, 11 and 27%, respectively, after challenge. In milk fglu, lactose, citrate, fat and protein yield were lower whereas yield of BHBA and G6P were higher after challenge when compared to pre-challenge values. Conclusion

关键词： Cow Early lactation Escherichia coli metabolism

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Synthesis and Characterization of Polyesters Based on diethylketone moiety

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2014年第11期32卷 1450-1459页

作者： Ismail A.Alkskas Bashir A.El-gnidi Khadija m.Ghalieo Faizul Azam Polymer Lab Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceMisurata University Faculty of Pharmacy Misurata University

A new class of unsaturated polyesters based on diethylketone have been prepared by interfacial polymerization of 2,4-bis（4-hydroxybenzylidene）-3-pentanone（I） and 2,4-bis（4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene）-3-pentanone（II） with 4,4’-azodibenzoyl chloride and 3,3’-azodibenzoyl chloride at ambient temperature. The model compounds were synthesized by reaction of（I） and（II） with benzoyl chloride. The new monomers, model compounds and polyesters have been characterized by different spectral analyses. The polyesters have inherent viscosity of 0.55-0.80 d L/g and moderate number average molecular weight（mn） in the range of 6150-7400 g/mol. most of the compounds exhibited their solubility in aprotic solvents while partial solubility in various halogenated organic solvents was observed. The temperatures of 10% weight loss were high（225-330 °C） in nitrogen, indicating that these polyesters have excellent thermal stability. doping with iodine dramatically raised the conductivity and produced brown colored semiconductive polymers with a maximum conductivity of 2.7 × 10-6 --1cm-1. moreover, the morphological properties of selected example of polyesters were detected by SEm.

关键词： diethylketone Azo Polyesters Conductivity.

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考虑实际日粮因素以优化生长肥育猪养殖利润

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饲料工业 2020年第8期41卷 59-64页

作者： mike d.Tokach Henrique S.Cemin Joel m.deRouchey Robert d.Goodband Jason C.Woodworth Steve S.dritz 246 Weber Hall 1424 Claflin RoadManhattanKS 66506

在猪的生产过程中,75%~80%的饲料用于生长育肥期。因此,育肥阶段对养猪生产者而言具有重要的经济影响。本文通过研究能量水平、氨基酸比例、钙磷含量及其比例以及维生素、微量元素、盐以及包括添加剂在内的其他养分的水平,以优化生长育... 详细信息

在猪的生产过程中,75%~80%的饲料用于生长育肥期。因此,育肥阶段对养猪生产者而言具有重要的经济影响。本文通过研究能量水平、氨基酸比例、钙磷含量及其比例以及维生素、微量元素、盐以及包括添加剂在内的其他养分的水平,以优化生长育肥猪养殖利润。

关键词：生长育肥猪能量氨基酸矿物质维生素添加剂

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Characterization of optical transitions of Eu^(3+) in lanthanum oxychloride nanophosphor

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第4期29卷 345-348页

作者： A. Choubey S. Som m. Biswas S.K. Sharma department of Applied Physics Indian School of Mines Dhanbad 826004 India

This paper presented the studies on the optical properties and calculation of spectral parameters of europium doped lanthanum oxychloride nanophosphor for their possible applications in optoelectronic devices. The compound was doped with 0.1 mol% Eu3＋ ions. The X-ray diffraction study of prepared sample suggested the tetragonal structure with particle size in the range of 18–21 nm. The photoluminescence （PL） emission spectra showed the bright emission in orange-red region from 580 to 630 nm. The most intense emission peak at 621 nm was due to transition 5d0→7F2 in energy levels of Eu3＋ ions. The spectral parameters were calculated from the absorption and emission spectra using Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters. The calculated values of the oscillator strength corresponding to the three transitions 7F1→5d1, 7F1→5d2 and 7F0→5d2 observed at 535, 472 and 465 nm in absorption spectra were 0.30×10–6, 1.36×10–6 and 0.63×10–6, respectively. The value of transi- tion probability （A）, stimulated emission cross-section （） and radiative lifetime （τrad） corresponding to 621 nm emission peak （transition 5d0→7F2） were 308 s–1, 1.22×10–21 cm2 and 3.24×10–3 s, respectively.

关键词： X-ray diffraction optical absorption photoluminescence spectral parameters rare earths

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Substrate Strengthening of CVd Coated Steels

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材料热处理学报 2004年第05B期25卷 791-795页

作者： O. Kessler m. Heidkamp F. Hoffmann P. mayr Stiftung Institutfiir Werkstofftechnik Bremen GermanyStiftung Institutfiir Werkstofftechnik Bremen GermanyStiftung Institutfiir Werkstofftechnik Bremen GermanyStiftung Institutfiir Werkstofftechnik Bremen Germany

Properties of components and tools can be improved by the combination of coating and heat treatment processes due to the addition of single process advantages and due to the utilization of process interactions. Several low and high alloyed, structural and tool steels (AISI 4140, 52100, H13, A2, d2, etc.) have been treated by CVd-TiN-coating plus laser beam hardening respectively carburizing plus CVd-TiN-coating. Homogeneous, dense TiN-coatings with high hardness, high compressive residual stresses and good adhesion were supported by high strength substrate surfaces. Especially CVd plus laser beam hardening offers the possibility to reduce distortion due to the small heated surface volume.

关键词： CVd 衬底加强镀层钢板激光束强化渗碳

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Effects of family non-universal Z′model in angular observables of B→(ρ,a_(1))µ^(+)µ^(−)decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 86-113页

作者： Nimra Farooq marwah Zaki m.Ali Paracha Faisal munir Bhutta department of Physics School of Natural SciencesNational University of Sciences and TechnologyH-12Islamabad44000Pakistan

We present the angular distribution of the four-fold B→ρ(→ππ)µ^(+)µ^(−) and B→a_(1)(→ρ_(Ⅱ).⊥π)µ^(+)µ^(−) decays in the Standard model and family non-universal Z'*** the quark level,these decays are govered by the b→dµ^(+)µ^(−) *** with different angular observables,we provide predictions of differential branching ***,forward-backward asymmetry,and longitudinal polarization fractions of ρ and a_(1) *** analysis showsthat the signatures of the fimily non-universal Z’model are more distinct in the observables associated with the B→ρ(→ππ)µ^(+)µ^(−) decay than in those associated with the B→a_(1)(→ρ_(Ⅱ).⊥π)µ^(+)µ^(−) *** measurements ofthe predicted angular observables,both at current and fiuture high energy colliders,will provide useful *** data required to clarify the structure of the family non-universal Z' model in |△b|=△d|=1 processes.

关键词： heavy quark physics B meson physics beyond the Standard model

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应用波束形成法研究51CrV4梯度功能钢的微观结构

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冶金分析 2009年第4期29卷 7-13页

作者： J.Gken m.maikranz-Valentin J.Timmerberg S.Luker d.Fuβ J.Feierabend K.Steinhoff Institute of maritime Studies University of Applied Sciences Chair of metal Forming Technology University of Kassel department of Electrical Engineering University of Applied Sciences Agency of Computer-Generated Imagery Gfai Tech GmbH

对组分梯度功能范围的调整要求已提出,通常通过不同材料组合得以解决。但是这种生产方式一方面需要一系列的工序,另一方面也需要具体的知识,包括所用材料的独特物理及机械特性,尤其是它们的形变及热行为。因此,为了降低能耗,考虑到生态... 详细信息

对组分梯度功能范围的调整要求已提出,通常通过不同材料组合得以解决。但是这种生产方式一方面需要一系列的工序,另一方面也需要具体的知识,包括所用材料的独特物理及机械特性,尤其是它们的形变及热行为。因此,为了降低能耗,考虑到生态需求,一个组分的现代工业设计程序只应包括一种操作程序和一种具有优化性能的范围大的材料。同时对同质的工件初样进行热处理及机械处理保证了控制材料能够具有最终元件性能的梯度功能。第一步,研究不同热处理对CrV-合金热处理矩形条钢(51CrV4)微观结构演化的影响。生产出只具有铁素体-珠光体、铁素体-珠光体-贝氏体和马氏体结构的条钢。与振动的振幅衰减相关的时间由声学照相机测定。这种声学照相机可以产生彩码声音图谱,显示覆盖于已记录样品图像上噪音的强度和来源。基于作为常规信号处理方法的波束形成概念,该声音分析用来控制换能器阵列上信号的接收或传播方向。条钢的独特微观结构状况造成了振动特性的显著变化。

关键词：钢梯度功能内耗波束形成法

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The effect of replacing pnictogen elements on the physical properties of Srmg_2X_2(X=N,P,As,Sb,Bi) Zintl compounds

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第4期27卷 369-375页

作者： G murtaza Abdul Ahad Khan m Yaseen A Laref Naeem Ullah Inayat ur Rahman materials modelling Labortary Department of PhysicsIslamia College University department of Physics University of the Peshawar department of Physics University of AgricultureFaisalabad department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud University department of Physics City University of Hong Kong

The effect of replacing the anion from N to Bi down the group in the periodic table is investigated on Srmg2X2（X = N,P,As,Sb,Bi）.A full potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method is used along with different exchange–correlation potentials to obtain the lattice constants,phonons,electronic,and optical properties of the Sr mg2X2（X = N,P,As,Sb,Bi） Zintl compounds.A good agreement is achieved and our calculations are validated by previous experimental and theoretical *** compounds have shown stable dynamical behavior with gamma centered longitudinal response having no imaginary *** band structures reveal the semiconducting nature of the *** Pnictogen（X）-p state contributed mainly in the valence band and the Sr-d state forms the conduction of the *** charge transfer and low overlapping of the atomic densities indicates the preferable ionic bonding character of these *** the optical properties,real and imaginary parts of dielectric function,complex refractive index,birefringence,reflectivity,and optical conductivity are *** compounds can be utilized in the optical and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Zintl compounds band structure optical response

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Can Biochar Protect Labile Organic matter Against mineralization in Soil?

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 822-831页

作者： giovanna b.melas oriol ortiz josep m.alacaiz departament de biologia animal de biologia vegetal i d’ecologiafacultat de biociènciesuniversitat autònoma de barcelonaCerdanyola del Valles 08193(Spain) centre de recerca ecologica i aplicacions forestals(creaf) Cerdanyola del Valles E08193(Spain) dipartimento di agraria universitádegli studi di sassariViale Italia 39Sassari 071O0(halla) departamento de ciencias agrarias y del medio natural escuela politécnica superior de huescauniversidad de zaragozaHuesca E22071(Spain)

Biochar could help to stabilize soil organic （SOm） matter, thus sequestering carbon （C） into the soil. The aim of this work was to determine an easy method i） to estimate the effects of the addition of biochar and nutrients on the organic matter （SOm） mineralization in an artificial soil, proposed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and development （OECd）, amended with glucose and ii） to measure the amount of labile organic matter （glucose） that can be sorbed and thus be partially protected in the same soil, amended or not amended with biochar. A factorial experiment was designed to check the effects of three single factors （biochar, nutrients, and glucose） and their interactions on whole SOm mineralization. Soil samples were inoculated with a microbial inoculum and preincubated to ensure that their biological activities were not limited by a small amount of microbial biomass, and then they were incubated in the dark at 21 ~C for 619 d. Periodical measurements of C mineralized to carbon dioxide （CO2） were carried out throughout the 619-d incubation to allow the mineralization of both active and slow organic matter pools. The amount of sorbed glucose was calculated as the difference between the total and remaining amounts of glucose added in a soil extract. Two different models, the Freundlich and Langmuir models, were selected to assess the equilibrium isotherms of glucose sorption. The CO2-C release strongly depended on the presence of nutrients only when no biochar was added to the soil. The mineralization of organic matter in the soil amended with both biochar and glucose was equal to the sum of the mineralization of the two C sources separately. Furthermore, a significant amount of glucose can be sorbed on the biochar-amended soil, suggesting the involvement of physico-chemical mechanisms in labile organic matter protection.

关键词： C source glucose sorption microbial biomass nutrients soil respiration

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果汁和蔬菜汁生产工艺学上

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1965年

作者：（美）蔡斯勒 d.K. （美）约斯林 m.A. 顾季寅等译

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