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Green Chemical Engineering 2022年第3期3卷 280-287页

作者： Felipe de la Cruz-Martinez Jose A.Castro-Osma agustin lara-sanchez Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Departamento de Quimica InorganicaOrganica y Bioquimica-Centro de Innovacion en Quimica Avanzada(ORFEO-CINQA)Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologias QuimicasCiudad Real13071Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Quimicas(IIQ) Departamento de Quimica Inorganica and Centro de Innovacion en Quimica Avanzada(ORFEO-CINQA)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)and University of SevillaSevilla41092Spain Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Departamento de Quimica InorganicaOrganica y Bioquimica-Centro de Innovacion en Quimica Avanzada(ORFEO-CINQA)Facultad de FarmaciaAlbacete02071Spain

Novel mono-and bimetallic scorpionate aluminum compounds have been designed and characterized by spec-troscopic *** organometallics complexes,in combination with tetrabutylammonium bromide as cocatalyst,displayed good catalytic activity for the cycloaddition of styrene oxide and CO_(2) under ambient *** the compounds tested,monometallic complex 3 featuring diethylamino groups showed the highest catalytic *** catalytic system catalyzed the formation of cyclic carbonate products from their corresponding epoxides at room temperature and 1 bar of CO_(2) pressure in the absence of a solvent in good yields and excellent selectivities.

关键词： CO_(2) Epoxides Cyclic carbonates Aluminum complexes

Liver steatosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate is associated with body mass index

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第5期15卷 699-706页

作者： agustin Castiella Luis Lopez-Dominguez Maria J sanchez-Iturri Iratxe Urreta Andrea De Diego Joaquin Belzunegui Eva Zapata Department of Gastroenterology Service Donostia University HospitalDonostia 20014Spain Department of Rheumatology Donostia University HospitalDonostia 20014Spain Department of Gastroenterology Donostia University HospitalDonostia 20014Spain Department of Clinical Epidemiology Donostia University HospitalDonostia 20014Spain

BACKGROUND Methotrexate(MTX)is the usual first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Long-term use of MTX has been associated with liver steatosis(LS)and liver fibrosis(LF).AIM To determine if LS in patients treated with MTX for RA is associated with MTX cumulative dose(MTX-CD),metabolic syndrome(Mt S),body mass index(BMI),the male sex,or *** A single-center,prospective study of patients receiving MTX for RA was performed from February 2019 to February *** inclusion criteria were patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with RA by a rheumatologist and being treated with MTX(without limitation on the duration of treatment).The exclusion criteria were previous diagnosis of liver disease(hepatitis B or C virus infection,known nonalcoholic fatty liver disease),alcohol consumption greater than 60 g/d in males or 40 g/d in females,human immunodeficiency virus infection on antiretroviral therapy,diabetes mellitus,chronic renal failure,congestive heart failure,or BMI greater than 30 kg/m^(2).Patients receiving leflunomide in the 3 years prior to the study were also *** elastography(Fibro Scan,Echosens?,Paris,France)was used for fibrosis determination(LF>7 Kp A)and computer attenuation parameter(CAP)for LS(CAP>248 d B/m).Demographic variables,laboratory data,MTX-CD(>4000 mg),Mt S criteria,BMI(>25),transient elastography,and CAP scores were collected from all *** Fifty-nine patients were ***-three were female(72.88%),and the mean age was 61.52 years(standard deviation:11.73).When we compared MTX-CD≤4000 mg(26 patients;14 with LS and 12 without)with>4000 mg(33 patients;12 with LS and 21 without),no statistical differences were found(P=0.179).We compared CAP scores stratified by Mt S,BMI,sex,and *** were no significant differences in CAP scores based on the presence of Mt S[CAP/Mt S:50 no Mt S(84.75%);9 Mt S(15.25%);P=0.138],the male sex(CAP/sex:8 male/18 female LS;8 male/25 female no LS;P=0.576),or LF[CAP/fibrosis:

关键词： patients diagnosis index

Unit Root Analysis of Traffic Time Series in Toll Highways

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第12期6卷 1641-1647页

作者： Antonio sanchez Solino Antonio L. lara Galera Construction Department Madrid Polytechnic University Madrid 28040 Spain

Concession contracts in highways often include some kind of clauses （for example, a minimum traffic guarantee） that allow for better management of the business risks. The value of these clauses may be important and should be added to the total value of the concession. However, in these cases, traditional valuation techniques, like the NPV （net present value） of the project, are insufficient. An alternative methodology for the valuation of highway concession is one based on the real options approach. This methodology is generally built on the assumption of the evolution of traffic volume as a GBM （geometric Brownian motion）, which is the hypothesis analyzed in this paper. First, a description of the methodology used for the analysis of the existence of unit roots （i.e., the hypothesis of non-stationarity） is provided. The Dickey-Fuller approach has been used, which is the most common test for this kind of analysis. Then this methodology is applied to perform a statistical analysis of traffic series in Spanish toll highways. For this purpose, data on the AADT （annual average daily traffic） on a set of highways have been used. The period of analysis is around thirty years in most cases. The main outcome of the research is that the hypothesis that traffic volume follows a GBM process in Spanish toll highways cannot be rejected. This result is robust, and therefore it can be used as a starting point for the application of the real options theory to assess toll highway concessions.

关键词： Real options unit root analysis investment highway concession traffic.

Incretins and selective renal sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors in hypertension and coronary heart disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第11期6卷 1186-1197页

作者： Ramiro A sanchez Hugo Sanabria Cecilia de los Santos agustin J Ramirez Arterial Hypertension and Metabolic Unit University Hospital Fundación Favaloro Diabetes Unit Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires Santos Medical Affairs Department Boehringer Ingelheim

Hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease,and the consequences ofintensive therapy may depend on the mechanism of the anti-diabetic agent(s)used to achieve a tight *** animal models,stable analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)were able to reduce body weight and blood pressure and also had favorable effects on ischemia following coronary *** a similar way,dipeptidyl peptidase IV(DPPIV)showed to have favorable effects in animal models of ischemia/*** could be due to the fact that DPPIV inhibitors were able to prevent the breakdown of GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide,but they also decreased the degradation of several vasoactive *** data for GLP-1,its derivatives and inhibitors of the DPPIV enzyme degradation suggests that these agents may be able to,besides controlling glycaemia,induce cardio-protective and vasodilator *** the many favorable cardiovascular effects of GLP-1/incretins reported in different studies,many questions remain unanswered due the limited number of studies in human beings that aim to examine the effects of GLP-1 on cardiovascular *** this reason,long-term trials searching for positive cardiovascular effects are now in process,such as the CAROLINA and CARMELINA trials,which are supported by small pilot studies performed in humans(and many more animal studies)with incretin-based *** the other hand,selective renal sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors were also evaluated in the prevention of cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 ***,it is quite early to draw conclusions,since data on cardiovascular outcomes and cardiovascular death are limited and long-term studies are still *** this review,we will analyze the mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular effects of incretins and,at the same time,we will present a critical position about the real value of these compounds in the cardiovas

关键词： Incretins Hypertension Cardiovascular effects Dipe

Dependence of dynamic contour and Goldmann applanation tonometries on peripheral corneal thickness

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1521-1527页

作者： Federico Saenz-Frances Claudia Sanz-Pozo lara Borrego-Sanz Luis Ja?ez Laura MoralesFernandez Jose Maria Martinez-de-la-Casa Julian Garcia-sanchez Julian Garcia-Feijoo Enrique Santos-Bueso Ophthalmology Department Clinico Universitario San Carlos HospitalComplutense University Institute of Knowledge Technology Complutense University

AIM：To determine the effects of peripheral corneal thickness（PCT）on dynamic contour tonometry（DCT）and Goldmann applanation tonometry（GAT）.METHODS：A cross-sectional *** created a software which calculates the corneal contour（CC）as a function of the radius from the corneal apex to each pixel of the *** software generates a central circumference with a radius of 1 mm and the remainder of the cornea is segmented in 5 rings concentric with corneal apex being its diameter not constant around the corneal circumference as a consequence of the irregular CC but keeping constant the diameter of each ring in each direction of the *** was determined as the mean thickness of the most eccentric *** weighted scatterplot smoothing（LOWESS）regression was used to determine the pattern of the relationship between PCT and both DCT and GAT ***,two multivariable linear regression models were *** each of them,the dependant variable was intraocular pressure（IOP）as determined using GAT and DCT *** both of the models the predictive variable was PCT though LOWESS regression pattern was used to model the relationship between the dependant variables and the predictor *** and sex were also introduced control variables along with their first-degree interactions with *** outcome measures include amount of IOP variation explained through regression models（R2）and regression coefficients（B）.RESULTS：Subjects included 109 eyes of 109 healthy *** regression suggested that a 2nd-degree polynomial would be suitable to model the relationshipbetween both DCT and GAT with *** PCT was introduced in both models as a linear and quadratic *** age nor sex nor interactions were statistically significant in both *** GAT model,R2was 17.14%（F=9.02;P=0.0002）,PCT linear term B was-1.163（95%CI：-1.163,-0.617）.PCT quadratic term B was 0.00081（95%CI：0.00043,0.00118）.For DCT model R2was 14.28%（F=9.29;P=0.0002

关键词： Goldmann applanation tonometry dynamic contour tonometry peripheral corneal thickness corneal thickness

Correlations between corneal and optic nerve head variables in healthy subjects and patients with primary open angle glaucoma

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第6期8卷 1156-1161页

作者： Federico Saenz-Frances Luis Janez lara Borrego-Sanz Clara Berrozpe-Villabona Jose Maria Martinez-de-la-Casa Laura Morales-Fernandez Julian Garcia-sanchez Enrique Santos-Bueso Julian Garcia-Feijoo Department of Ophthalmology Clinico San Carlos HospitalComplutense University of Madrid Technology of Knowledge Institute Complutense University of Madrid

AIMTo correlate corneal variables (determined using the Pentacam) with optic nerve head (ONH) variables determined using the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT) in healthy subjects and patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).METHODSMeasurements were made in 75 healthy eyes and 73 eyes with POAG and correlations examined through Pearson correlation coefficients between the two sets of variables in the two subject groups. The corneal variables determined were corneal volume (CVol), central corneal thickness (CCT), overall corneal thickness (OvCT), the mean thickness of a circular zone centered at the corneal apex of 1 mm radius (zone I) and the mean thickness of several concentric rings, also centered at the apex until the limbus, each of 1 mm width (zones II to VI respectively). The ONH variables were determined using the *** following pairs of variables were correlated in the control group: CCT-disc area (DAr) (-0.48; P<0.0001), Zone I-DAr (-0.503; P<0.0001) and Zone II-DAr (-0.443; P<0.0001); and in the POAG group: CCT-cup-to-disc area ratio (CDRa) (-0.402; P<0.0001), Zone I-CDRa (-0.418; P<0.0001), Zone II-CDRa (-0.405; P=0.006), Zone I-cup shape measure (CSM) (-0.415; P=0.002), Zone II-CSM (-0.405; P=0.001), Zone IV-height variation contour (HVC) (0.378; P=0.002); Zone V-HVC (0.388, P<0.0001).CONCLUSIONSIn the healthy subjects, significant negative correlation was detected between central and paracentral corneal thickness and optic disc area. In contrast, the POAG patients showed significant negative correlation between central and paracentral corneal thickness and the cup-disc ratio and CSM, and positive correlation between peripheral corneal thickness and HVC.

关键词： glaucoma optic nerve head corneal thickness

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土星上的猛烈风暴

中国国家天文 2012年第5期6卷 114-119页

作者： agustin sanchez-LAVEGA 吴蕴豪（译）

2010年末，在土星上突然出现了一个巨大的白包斑点，这是有历史记录以来的土星第六次大风暴。

关键词：土星风暴历史记录

Darunavir Resistance in HIV Infecting Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Mexican Patients

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World Journal of AIDS 2013年第3期3卷 280-286页

作者： Carlos AAgudelo Luis ESoto-Ramirez Abraham Katime-Zuniga Lorena Cabrera-Ruiz Hugo lara-sanchez Juan JCalva Department of Infectious Diseases “Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran”Mexico CityMexico Department of Infectious Diseases Hospital Medica Sur and GUIAR GroupMexico CityMexico The Clinical Epidemiology Unit “Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran”Mexico CityMexico.

Background: Darunavir (DRV) is a useful antiretroviral treatment in the salvage therapy of multiclass-resistant HIV-infected patients. This study’s aim was to determine the frequency and risk factors for DRV resistance-associated mutations (DRV-RAM) among DRV-naive Mexican patients with virologic failure after extensive antiretroviral treatment and exposure to at least one protease inhibitor (PI). Methods: HIV-infected patients with a history of at least 2 failed regimes were included and their clinical histories and genotype resistance tests were analyzed. Major PI resistance-associated mutations (PI-RAM), DRV-RAM and resistance to DRV were defined according to the IAS-USA criteria. Previous exposure to PI was compared between patients with DRV-resistant HIV and DRV-susceptible HIV-infected controls. Results: The median number of major PI-RAM was 2 (IQR = 0?- 3). In 54.7% (95% CI = 50.0% - 59.4%) of 631 subjects, no DRV-RAM were found on viral genotyping and 6.7% (95% CI = 4.8% - 8.6%) had 3 or more DRV-RAM. The two most frequently found DRV-RAM were in codons I84V (in 22.7% of cases) and L33F (in 20% of cases) in the viral protease gene. The number of major PI-RAM (as a surrogate marker of duration and number of PI used) and previous exposure to (fos) amprenavir or tipranavir were independently associated with DRV-resistant HIV infection. Conclusions: In this Mexican population, despite a high prior PI exposure, HIV-DRV resistance rate is relatively low and successful viral control with DRV-containing combined salvage therapy is expected in most patients.

关键词： Darunavir Resistance Risk Factors Prevalence Mexico

PEBAX^(TM)-Silanized Al_(2)O_(3) Composite,Synthesis and Characterization

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Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry 2012年第2期2卷 63-69页

作者： José Cirilo Ignacio lara-Estévez Luís Antônio sanchez de Almeida Prado Karl Schulte Emilio Bucio Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica Instituto de Ciencias NuclearesUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCircuito ExteriorCiudad UniversitariaMéxico CityMéxico Institut für Kunststoffe und Verbundwerkstoffe Technische Universität Hamburg-HarburgHamburgGermany

Alumina nanoparticles were dispersed in poly(amide 12-b-tetramethylene oxide) copolymer through extrusion. The alumina particles were functionalized with 3-(2 trimethoxysilylethyl) cyclohexene oxide. The following PEBAX TM/ Al2O 3 proportions were prepared: 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0% w/w. The thermal stabiity of the nanocomposites was evalu- ated by thermograviemtric analysis under N2 and was comparable to the neat PEBAXTM polymer. The thermo-oxidative degradation of the polymeric matrix by oxygen was strongly hindered by the functionalized alumina. The rule of mixture would predict that the thermal degradation should be strongly dominated by PEBAXTM matrix. Therefore, the physical mixture of PEBAXTM and silanized alumina should be almost as stable as pure PEBAXTM. However, the experimental results suggest that the nanocomposites are more stable than the mixture of their components. This stabilization effect is evident in the temperature range between 300?C and 400?C, in which the degradation of the PA12 block takes place.

关键词： Nanocomposites Alumina Functionalization Thermoplastic Elastomers Thermal Behavior

Anatomical characterization of central, apical and minimal corneal thickness

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第4期7卷 668-672页

作者： Federico Saenz-Frances Martha Cecilia Bermúdez-Vallecilla lara Borrego-Sanz Luis Jaez J osé Marìa Martinez-de-la-Casa Laura Morales-Fernandez Enrique Santos-Bueso Julián Garcia-sanchez Julián Garcia-Feijoo Department of Ophthalmology Hospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Instituto de Tecnologìa del Conocimiento Universidad Complutense de Madrid

·AIM: To anatomically locate the points of minimum corneal thickness and central corneal thickness(pupil center) in relation to the corneal apex.·METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional study, 299 healthy volunteers. Thickness at the corneal apex(AT),minimum corneal thickness(MT) and corneal thickness at the pupil center(PT) were determined using the pentacam. Distances from the corneal apex to MT(MD)and PT(PD) were calculated and their quadrant position(taking the corneal apex as the reference) determined:point of minimum thickness(MC) and point of central thickness(PC) depending on the quadrant position. Two multivariate linear regression models were constructed to examine the influence of age, gender, power of the flattest and steepest corneal axes, position of the flattest axis, corneal volume(determined using the Pentacam)and PT on MD and PD. The effects of these variables on MC and PC were also determined in two multinomial regression models.·RESULTS: MT was located at a mean distance of 0.909 mm from the apex(79.4% in the inferior-temporal quadrant). PT was located at a mean distance of 0.156 mm from the apex. The linear regression model for MD indicated it was significantly influenced by corneal volume(B =-0.024; 95% CI:-0.043 to-0.004). No significant relations were identified in the linear regression model for PD or the multinomial logisticregressions for MC and PC.·CONCLUSION: MT was typically located at the inferiortemporal quadrant of the cornea and its distance to the corneal apex tended to decrease with the increment of corneal volume.

关键词： cornealthickness anatomy glaucoma