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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： Victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón agustín garcía-reynoso Iván Y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air pollution.In Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is enhanced.Here,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico.The studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the new normal.We applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the Megalopolis.The results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed nO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional regimes.This contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency estimations.Given the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

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Synthesis of Pt and Pt-Fe nanoparticles supported on MWCnTs used as electrocatalysts in the methanol oxidation reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2014年第4期23卷 483-490页

作者： J.R.Rodriguez R.M.Félix E.A.reynoso Y.Gochi-Ponce Y.Verde Gómez S.Fuentes Moyado G.Alonso-núez Universidad nacional Autónoma de Mxico Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Ensenada B.C. C.P.22860 Mexico Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana Centro de Graduados e Investigación Tijuana B.C. C.P.22000 Mexico Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica Oaxaca Oax. C.P.68030 Mexico Instituto Tecnológico de Cancún Av.Kabah Km.3 Cancún Q.R. C.P.77500 Mexico

This work reports a feasible synthesis of highly-dispersed Pt and Pt-Fe nanoparticles supported on multiwall carbon nanotubes （MWCnTs） without Fe and multiwall carbon nanotubes with iron （MWCnTs-Fe） which applied as electrocatalysts for methanol electrooxidation. A Pt coordination complex salt was synthesized in an aqueous solution and it was used as precursor to prepare Pt/MWCnTs, Pt/MWCnTs-Fe, and Pt-Fe/MWCnTs using FeC12.4H20 as iron source which were named S 1, S2 and S3, respectively. The coordination complex of platinum （TOA）2PtC16 was obtained by the chemical reaction between （nH4）2PtC16 with tetraoctylammonium bromide （TOAB） and it was characterized by FT-IR and TGA. The materials were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, SEM, EDS, XRD, TEM and TGA. The electrocatalytic activity of Pt-based supported on MWCnTs in the methanol oxidation was investigated by cyclic voltammetry （CV） and chronoamperometry （CA）. Pt-Fe/MWCnTs electrocatalysts showed the highest electrocatalytic activity and stability among the tested electrocatalysts due to that the addition of ＂Fe＂ promotes the OH species adsorption on the electrocatalyst surface at low potentials, thus, enhancing the activity toward the methanol oxidation reaction （MOR）.

关键词： coordination complex salt MWCnTs nanoparticles catalysts electrooxidation

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Edaphoclimatic seasonal trends and variations of the Salmonella spp. infection in northwestern Mexico

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 805-819页

作者： Yasiri Mayeli Flores Monter Andrea Chaves Beatriz Arellano-reynoso Andres Mauricio Lopez-Perez Humberto Suzan-Azpiri Gerardo Suzan Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico City04510Mexico Escuela de Biología Universidad de Costa RicaSan Jose11501-2060Costa Rica Department of Medicine and Epidemiology School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCA95695United States Laboratorio de Ecología Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro76230Mexico

Currently,Salmonella spp.is the bacterium causing the highest number of food-borne diseases(FADs)in the world.It is primarily associated with contaminated water used to that irrigates crops from intensive livestock farming.However,literature emphasizes that the reservoirs for Salmonella spp.remain in wildlife and there are unconventional sources or secondary reservoirs,such as soil.Human soil-borne diseases have not been modeled in spatial scenarios,and therefore it is necessary to consider soil and other climatic factors to anticipate the emergence of new strains or serotypes with potential threat to public and animal health.The objective of this research was to investigate whether edaphic and climatic factors are associated with the occurrence and prevalence of Salmonella spp.in northwestern Mexico.We estimated the potential distribution of Salmonella spp.with an interpolation method of unsampled kriging areas for 15 environmental variables,considering that these factors have a seasonal dynamic of change during the year and modifications in longer periods.Subsequently,a database was generated with human salmonellosis cases reported in the epidemiological bulletins of the national System of Epidemiological Surveillance(SIVE).For the northwest region,there were 30,595 human cases of paratyphoid and other salmonellosis reported have been reported in Baja California state,71,462 in Chihuahua,and 16,247 in Sonora from 2002 to 2019.The highest prevalence was identified in areas with higher temperatures between 35 and 37℃,and precipitation greater than 1000 mm.The edaphic variables limited the prevalence and geographical distribution of Salmonella spp.,because the region is characterized by presenting a low percentage of organic matter(≤4.3),and most of the territory is classified as aridic and xeric,which implies that the humidity comprises≤180 days a year.Finally,the seasonal time series indicated that in the states of Baja California and Chihuahua the rainy quarter of the year is 18.7%and 17.01%above a typical quar

关键词： Potential distribution Soil Temperature Precipitation Salmonella spp

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Timing, method and discontinuation of hydrocortisone administration for septic shock patients

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2017年第1期6卷 65-73页

作者： Miguel A Ibarra-Estrada Quetzalcóatl Chávez-Pe?a Claudia I reynoso-Estrella Jorge Rios-Zerme?o Pável E Aguilera-González Miguel A garcía-Soto Guadalupe Aguirre-Avalos Critical Care Unit Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología Critical Care Unit Hospital General Regional #180 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Transplant Care Unit Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Guadalajara Critical Care Unit Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde

AIM To characterize the prescribing patterns for hydrocortisone for patients with septic shock and perform an exploratory analysis in order to identify the variables associated with better outcomes.METHODS This prospective cohort study included 59 patients with septic shock who received stress-dose hydrocortisone.It was performed at 2 critical care units in academic hospitals from June 1st, 2015, to July 31 st, 2016. Demographic data, comorbidities, medical management details, adverse effects related to corticosteroids, and outcomes were collected after the critical care physician indicated initiation of hydrocortisone. Univariate comparison between continuous and bolus administration of hydrocortisone was performed, including multivariate analysis, as well as Kaplan-Meier analysis to compare the proportion of shock reversal at 7 d after presentation. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves determined the best cut-off criteria for initiation of hydrocortisone associated with the highest probability of shock reversal. We addressed the effects of the taper strategy for discontinuation of hydrocortisone, noting risk of shock relapse and adverse effects.RESULTS All-cause 30-d mortality was 42%. Hydrocortisone was administered as a continuous infusion in 54.2% of patients; time to reversal of shock was 49 h longer in patients who were given a bolus administration [59 h(range, 47.5-90.5) vs 108 h(range, 63.2-189); P = 0.001]. The maximal dose of norepinephrine after initiation of hydrocortisone was lower in patients on continuous infusion [0.19 μg/kg per minute(range, 0.11-0.28 μg)] compared with patients who were given bolus [0.34 μg/kg per minute(range, 0.16-0.49); P = 0.004]. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a higher proportion of shock reversal at 7 d in patients with continuous infusion compared to those given bolus(83% vs 63%; P = 0.004). There was a good correlation between time to initiation of hydrocortisone and time to reversal of shock(r = 0.80; P nalysis revealed that the best crit

关键词： Corticosteroids Hydrocortisone Timing Administration Discontinuation Septic shock

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Effect of nd3+doping on structure,microstructure,lattice distortion and electronic properties of TiO_2 nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第3期35卷 259-270页

作者： Balter Trujillo-navarrete María del Pilar Haro-Vázquez Rosa María Félix-navarro Francisco Paraguay-Delgado Henry Alvarez-Huerta Sergio Pérez-Sicairos Edgar Alonso reynoso-Soto institute technology of tijuana(itt) blvd.alberto limón padillaP.O.B 1166.Tijuana B.C.Mexico university autonomous of baja california(uabc) roadway university14418P.O.B 22390Tijuana B.C.Mexico investigations center of advanced materials(cimav).miguel de cervantes 120.P.O.B31109ChihuahuaMexico

Doped and undoped TiCh nanoparticles were prepared by Stober method and thermally treated at 600 ℃.The effect of nd^（3＋） ion on the structure and micro structure of anatase-phase TiCh nanocrystals was studied by Rietveld refinement method using X-ray powder diffraction data.Bond lengths,bond angles,and edges distances were analyzed.The phase formation was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.The adjustment of Ti-0 bond length induced by the addition of nd^（3＋） ions,reduced the octahedral distortion and altered the octahedral array in the anatase-phase TiCh nanocrystal.The changes of structure and microstructure were mainly observed for TiCh nanoparticles doped with 0.1 at.%of nd^（3＋） ions and attributed to the cationic substitution of Ti^（4＋） ions which promoted changes in the density of states and gap band of TiCh.The dopant insertion resulted in a better structural stability of the nanocrystals that enhanced their charge transference and photocatalytic efficiency.

关键词： neodymium TiO_2 nanoparticles microstructure lattice distortion photocatalytic activity optical properties Rietveld refinement rare earths

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Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus: Coat Protein Gene Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i>and Product Identification by Mass Spectrometry

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第19期6卷 3013-3024页

作者： Dina Lida Gutierrez reynoso Rodrigo A. Valverde norimoto Murai Department of Plant Pathology & Crop Physiology College of Agriculture and LSU Agricultural Center Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA

Sweet potato is one of the first natural GMOs, genetically modified 8000 years ago by Agrobacterium rhizogenes as reported recently by Kyndt et al. A section of 10 kbp long DnA (Transferred- DnA or T-DnA) of the Ri (Root-inducing) plasmid was transferred to the plant genome by A. rhizo-genes and has been maintained in all 291 hexaploid sweet potato cultivars of the world. The maintenance in the sweet potato genome and expression of two T-DnA genes for tryptophan-2-monooxygenease (iaaM) and for indole-3-acetamide hydrolase (iaaH) are likely to be physiologically significant since these enzymes convert tryptophan to indole-3-acetic acid, a major plant growth hormone auxin. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is ranked the third most important root crop after potato and cassava, and the seventh in global food crop production with more than 126 million metric tons. Although sweet potato originated in Central or South America, China currently produces over 86% of world production with 109 million metric tons. In the United States, north Carolina is the leading producer with 38.5% of the 2007 sweet potato production, followed by California, Mississippi, and Louisiana with 23%, 19%, and 15.9%, respectively. Leaf curl virus diseases have been reported in sweet potato throughout the world. One of the causal agents is Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) belonging to the genus Begomovirus (family Geminiviridae). Although SPLCV does not cause symptoms on Beauregard, one of the most predominant sweet potato cultivars in the US, it can reduce the yield up to 26%. Serological detection of SPLCV is not currently available due to the difficulties in obtaining purified virions that can be used as antigen for antiserum production. In attempts to obtain the coat protein (CP) of SPLCV for antibody production, primers were designed to amplify the CP gene. This gene was cloned into the expression vector pMAL-c2E as a fusion protein with maltose-binding protein, and transformed into Escherichia coli strain XL1-Blue. After gene indu

关键词： Affinity Chromatography Purification Coat Protein Escherichia coli Mass Spectrometry Maltose Binding Protein Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus

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Early muscle reinnervation by means of end-to-side neurorrhaphy in an experimental model

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2017年第2期4卷 18-23页

作者： AraceIi Pérez RafaeI reynoso Rosa MRomero AngéIica GonzáIez Jorge Ochoa DuIce HGutiérrez Damián PaIafox Department of Plastic Surgery General Hospital“Dr.Manuel Gea Gonzalez”Mexico City14080Mexico Department of Morphology of Cell and Tissue National Pediatric InstituteMexico City14080Mexico Department of Plastic Surgery Hospital AngelesMexico City14080Mexico Department of Health Sciences Technological University of MexicoMexico City14080Mexico.

Aim:The aim of the study was to provide early muscular reinnervation to avoid muscle atrophy and functional loss in an experimental model.Methods:Fifty rats were divided into five groups.In group 0(control group)only nerve dissection was performed.Total peroneal nerve section was performed in the remaining groups.Immediate end-to-end neurorrhaphy(EEn)was made in group 1.In group 2,an end-to-side neurorrhaphy(ESn)was performed from the tibial nerve to the peroneal nerve.In group 3,a direct EEn,plus an ESn,were used as a nerve graft as a bridge from the donor nerve(tibial);all nerve coaptations were performed through an epineural window.In group 4,only a neurotomy was made without any type of reconstruction.Results:neural diameters were similar in groups 0,1,and 3(38±1μm,31±6μm,32±3μm).neural fibers in group 3 had an 18%increase in the number of axons(Pn compared to group 0.Group 2(28±1μm)and group 4(19±3μm)had diminished diameters with a lower index of muscle regeneration.Animals in group 4 presented with'clawed'lower extremities and had difficulty with ambulation.neural graft diameters was similar in groups 2 and 3(33±4μm,31±3μm),but axon density was significantly higher in group 3(53±6μm,39±8μm)(Pn density was 36%higher when the combination of EEn and ESn with a neural graft through an epineural window was performed.Conclusion:This study revealed that the combination of EEn and ESn repairs with the addition of a neural graft provides a lower index of muscle fiber destruction,and can be a reliable method for reconstruction in high neural injuries.

关键词： nerve transfer neurorrhaphy muscle reinnervation nerve repair

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Controlling nonlinear Dynamics in Continuous Crystallizers

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Journal of Mathematics and System Science 2012年第1期2卷 45-52页

作者： Victoria Gamez-garcia Eusebio Bolanos-reynoso Oscar Velazquez-Camilo Hector Puebla Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco. Av. San Pablo no. 180 Reynosa-Tamaulipas Azcapotzalco D.F. 02200 Mexico Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Instituto Tecnologico de Orizaba Orizaba Veracruz 94340 Mexico Facultad de Ingenieria Universidad Veracruzana Region Boca de Rio Veracruz 94340 Mexico

Crystallization is used to produce vast quantities of materials. For several applications, continuous crystallization is often the best operation mode because it is able to reproduce better crystal size distributions than other operation modes. nonlinear oscillation in continuous industrial crystallization processes is a well-known phenomenon leading to practical difficulties such that control actions are necessary. nonlinear oscillation is a consequence of the highly nonlinear kinetics, different feedbacks between the variables and elementary processes taking place in crystallizers units, and the non-equilibrium thermodynamic operation. In this paper the control of a continuous crystallizer model that displays oscillatory behavior is addressed via two practical robust control approaches: (i) modeling error compensation, and (ii) integral high order sliding mode control. The controller designs are based on the reduced-order model representation of the population balance equations resulting after the application of the method of moments. numerical simulations show good closed-loop performance and robustness properties.

关键词：非线性动力学结晶控制非平衡态热力学非线性振荡晶体粒度分布应用程序连续结晶操作模式

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Fiber Residues from <i>Canavalia ensiformis</i>L. Seeds with Potential Use in Food Industry

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1227-1236页

作者： Maira Rubi Segura-Campos Lourdes Manrique-reynoso Luis Chel-Guerrero David Betancur-Ancona Faculty of Chemical Engineering Autonomous University of Yucatán Merida Mexico

The objective of this research was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of fiber residues from Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) obtained by two technological processes. The proximal composition of the fiber residues from Canavalia ensiformis registered values of moisture, ash, protein, fat, fiber and nitrogen-free extract (nFE) of 7.14%, 3.17%, 9.14%, 1.34%, ?23.84% and 62.51% for residue A and 4.74%, 2.68%, 7.73%, 1.39%, 23.76% and 64.44% for residue B. Total dietary fiber (TDF) contents in the fiber residues were 47.06 (Residue A) and 54.96 (Residue B) g/100g sample, with most of this content represented by insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) 45.46 g/100g sample in Residue A and 52.75 g/100g of sample in Residue B. The remainder was constituted by soluble dietary fiber (SDF). The neutral detergent fiber (nDF) content was slightly higher in residue B (41.8 g/100g sample). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) that includes principally cellulose, lignin and cutin, and acid detergent lignin (ADL) that include lignin and cutin were higher in residue B (32.5 g/100g sample) and similar for both residues (1.0 (A) and 1.2 (B) g/100g sample), respectively. Resistant starch (RS) was higher in residue B (0.607%) than in residue A (0.358%). no statistical difference (p > 0.05) was registered in the tannins content of both residues. However, the phytates content was higher in the fiber residue obtained by the fists technological process (A residue). In vitro digestibility was higher in residue A (85.81%) than that in B residue (81.51%). The results of the present study suggest the potential use of C. ensiformis fiber residues as a functional ingredient in foods, especially in the development of reduced calorie food and dietary fiber enriched foods.

关键词： C. ensiformis Jack Bean Dietary Fiber Chemical Characterization In Vitro Digestibility

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低温间歇冷冻箱的模拟

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低温与特气 1990年第3期8卷 67-71页

作者： R.O.reynoso A.De Michelis 曹振连

给出了用简化数学模型评价间歇式冷冻箱的性能,与试验数据比较,结果令人满意。用该模型分析了各种操作因素对冷冻过程的影响。使用厂家认为这项模拟方法能够估算出产品冷冻速度,并计算冷冻箱中冷冻时间同消耗费用之间的关系。

关键词：冷冻箱低温间歇式模拟

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