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Biomechanical and Macroscopic Evaluations of the Effects of 5-Fluorouracil on Partially Divided Flexor Tendon Injuries in Rabbits

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第12期128卷 1655-1661页

作者： Shkelzen B Duci Hysni M Arifi Hasan R Ahmeti Suzana Manxhuka-Kerliu Burim Neziri agon y mekaj Shpetim Lajqi Labinot Shahini Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University Clinical Center of Kosovo Prishtina 10000 Kosovo Department of Pediatric Surgery University Clinical Center of Kosovo Prishtina 10000 Kosovo Institute of Pathology University Clinical Center of Kosovo Prishtina 10000 Kosovo Institute of Pathophysiology University Clinical Center of Kosovo Prishtina 10000 Kosovo Department of Neurosurgery University Clinical Center of Kosovo Prishtina 10000 Kosovo Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Prishtina Prishtina 10000 Kosovo

Background：The main goals of flexor tendon surgery are to restore digital motion by providing tendon healing and to preserve tendon *** purpose was to investigate the effects of 5-fluorouracil （5-FU） on tendon adhesions in partially divided profundus flexor tendons （flexor digitorum profundus [FDPs]） following surgical repair and in partially divided FDPs without surgical repair,and to compare the results of the repair versus the nonrepair of zone two injuries via macroscopic and biomechanical evaluations of tendon ***：We used 32 adult male European rabbits （Oryctolagus cunniculus） weighing from 2.5 to 3.5 *** study was performed on the deep flexor tendons of the second and third digits of the right hind paws of the rabbits;thus,a total of 64 tendons were examined in this ***：Based on the results achieved in our experimental study,the load （N） significantly increased in subgroup 1a in which the tendons were surgically repaired and were not treated with 5-FU compared with subgroup 2a in which tendons were surgically repaired and treated with ***：The load （N） significantly increased in subgroup 1 a in which the tendons were surgically repaired and were not treated with 5-FU compared to subgroup 2a in which the tendons were surgically repaired and treated with ***,these results revealed a decrease in adhesion formation in the subgroup that was treated with 5-FU due to increased resistance to tendon adhesions during their excursion through the tendon sheath,which in this case required greater traction force.

关键词： Adhesion Healing Rabbit Tendon

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Potential of Constructed Wetland for Wastewater Treatment in Rural Areas in Kosovo

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Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 2015年第1期1卷 27-34页

作者： Lavdim Osmanaj agon Haxhikadrija Pierre-Henri Dodane Astrit Vokshi Department of Wastewater NGO "CDI-Community Development Initiatives " Prishtina 10000 Republic of Kosovo independant Consultant Montperreux France Executive Director of NGO "CDI-Community Development Initiatives " Prishtina 10000 Republic of Kosovo

Republic of Kosovo has 1,304 settlements from which only 37 are urban and 1,267 are rural. Shown in percentage, only 39.2% （765,125） of inhabitants live in urban areas. The focus is to work and find the best and cheap solutions for the 60.8% （1,173,370） of inhabitants of the country which live in rural areas. From this number only 42% of them have access to the sewage network while 60.8% of them have implemented individual solutions （latrines） without any treatment, leading to a large pollution of the water bodies. The existing rural sewage networks are built only with septic tanks, poorly designed and do not fulfill the wastewater treatment criteria. Regarding this issue, the Kosovan legislation concerns only urban areas （settlements of more than 2,000 inhabitants） and is expected to be completed in 2014 for rural areas according to the EU （European Union） directive for wastewater discharge. As a pilot project, the CDI （community development initiatives） started with WWTP （waste water treatment plants） based on the Vertical Constructed Wetland option （french model） as it appears to be the most adapted option in this rolling, rural, and temperate climate context, implementing this kind of treatment in 3 villages for the first time in Kosovo. Through this, it is interesting to take a perspective on all the phases of these projects starting from feasibility reports, project design to concept and modalities of implementation and options for operation and maintenance, in order to assess how this technical option is feasible and replicable in the country at a large scale. It finally appears that the potential for constructed wetland in the Balkan region is promising as it provides a simple solution for most of the regional constraints, but requires skills to be developed locally for designing and building as well as a deeper consideration in the national regulation.

关键词： Sanitation WWTP constructed wetland sewage Eastern Europe Balkans.

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