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Striking elements-A lifebelt or a fad?Searching for an effective way of adapting abandoned churches

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2020年第2期9卷 277-286页

作者： agnieszka Faustyna Szuta Jakub Szczepanski Faculty of Architecture Gdansk University of TechnologyGdanskPoland

Are avant-garde elements added to historical objects as a temporary fashion to fulfill the aspirations of designers or an attempt to draw attention to themselves?It may be the exact opposite,and this type of controversial project is the best lifebelt for such *** article explores issues related to external avant-garde elements added to adapted churches and their influence on the efficiency of such adaptation *** churches located in the north of Europe that have changed their religious function,entirely or in part,were *** work examined former churches in Maastricht,namely,the Minorite Church,the Church of the Kruisheren Monastery,the Dominican Church,as well as Polish churches located in Gdansk,including ***’s Church and ***’s *** article attempted to identify the factors that contribute to the successful adaptation of former churches and the benefits and drawbacks of adopting avant-garde design *** of this study might provide valuable inspiration for other churches that are losing *** study was conducted on the basis of a wide range of literature,statistical data,logical reasoning,and comparative *** from selected edifices were checked for their correlation over *** study also included in situ investigations.

关键词： Adaptive re-use Church re-use Kruisherenhotel Religious buildings Sacral architecture Selexyz dominicanen

Open data in spatial data infrastructure:the practices and experiences of Poland

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第11期14卷 1547-1560页

作者： Waldemar Izdebski agnieszka Zwirowicz-Rutkowska Joanna Nowak da Costa Warsaw University of Technology WarsawPoland Military University of Technology WarsawPoland

As an important facilitator in e-government and society in general,Open SDI merits an assessment of its characteristics and the monitoring of its *** aim of the study was the proposal of the SDI openness assessment approach based on existing openness assessment frameworks,as well as the presentation of the Polish Spatial Data Infrastructure(PSDI)development towards *** results indicated that ten geodetic and cartographic databases fulfilled ten out of eleven criteria of data openness,according to the methodological assumptions,and reached a 3-star level of *** need for further development of the infrastructure towards sharing public administration data is recognized,as well as non-governmental data that meet the open data criteria,thus contributing to the openness of the *** proposed assessment method,referenced to a five-level data openness system and providing clear scoring benchmarking for assessing SDI openness,may be used for comparative analysis of SDI openness in different countries,including EU Member States that draw on the experience of the implementation of the INSPIRE Directive.

关键词： Open government data(OGD) openness assessment geospatial data information society open spatial data infrastructure(open SDI)impact

Do mowing regimes affect plant and soil biological activity in the mountain meadows of Southern Poland?

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第11期15卷 2409-2421页

作者： JóZEFOWSKA agnieszka ZALESKI Tomasz ZARZYCKI Jan FRACZEK Krzysztof Institute of Soil Science and Agrophysics Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection University of Agriculture in Krakow Department of Ecology Climatology and Air Protection University of Agriculture in Krakow Department of Microbiology University of Agriculture in Krakow

The soil biological activity of mountain meadows is a significant factor that determines the health and utility of these regions. The climax stage of this area is forest, but to maintain semi-natural grassland, which is characterised by high biodiversity,low-intensity land use(mowing or grazing) is necessarily required. To understand the effect of various mowing regimes on the soil biological activity and plants, the soil microbial activity(microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase activity and number of the cultivable fraction of soil microbial community),annelids community(density and species composition earthworms and enchytraeids) and plant species composition were investigated. The study area was located in the Pieniny National Park in the Carpathian Mountains, in a meadow belonging to the association Dactylis glomerata-Poa trivialis. The investigated variants were divided according to mowing regime:traditional scything – hand mowing(HM), mechanical mowing(MM), or the abandonment of mowing – nonmowing(NM). The microbial activities(expressed by,e.g. microbial biomass carbon and the number of phosphorus bacteria) were affected by the mowing regime. The density of earthworms was higher in the HM and MM than in the NM variants. The largest changes in plant species composition were caused by the abandonment of mowing(NM). The mean number of plant species was positively correlated with soil moisture, earthworm density, and microbial activity(expressed indirectly by dehydrogenases activity). The soil microbial community, such as vegetative bacteria forms and ammonifying bacteria,were positively associated with pH value, and the microbial and total organic carbon content. The results presented here indicate that there is no single form of optimal management for all living *** about mowing regimes, or abandonment of use, should be preceded by multi-aspect studies,including plants and soil biota.

关键词： Mowing techniques Grassland management Earthworms Enchytraeids Microorganisms Biodiversity

Biodegradation of beet molasses vinasse by a mixed culture of micro organisms:Effect of aeration conditions and pH control

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第11期23卷 1823-1830页

作者： Krzysztof Lutoslawski agnieszka Ryznar-Luty Edmund Cibis Malgorzata Krzywonos Tadeusz Miskiewicz Department of Bioprocess Engineering Wroclaw University of EconomicsKomandorska 118/12053-345 WroclawPoland

The effect of aeration conditions and pH control on the progress and efficiency of beet molasses vinasse biodegradation was investigated during four batch processes at 38°C with the mixed microbial culture composed of Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,Lactococcus,Streptococcus,Bacillus,Rhodopseudomonas,and *** four processes were carried out in a shake flask with no pH control,an aerobic bioreactor without mixing with no pH control,and a stirred-tank reactor （STR） with aeration with and without pH control,*** experiments were started with an initial pH *** highest efficiency of biodegradation was achieved through the processes conducted in the STR,where betaine （an organic pollutant occurring in beet molasses in very large quantities） was completely degraded by the *** process with no pH control carried out in the STR produced the highest reduction in the following pollution measures：organic matter expressed as chemical oxygen demand determined by the dichromatic method ＋ theoretical COD of betaine （COD sum,85.5%）,total organic carbon （TOC,78.8%） and five-day biological oxygen demand （BOD 5,98.6%）.The process conditions applied in the shake flask experiments,as well as those used in the aerobic bioreactor without mixing,failed to provide complete betaine *** a consequence,reduction in COD sum,TOC and BOD 5 was approximately half that obtained with STR.

关键词： aerobic biodegradation batch process beet molasses vinasse mesophilic conditions mixed culture of microorganisms

The Application of Cellulose Nanocrystals Modified with Succinic Anhydride under the Microwave Irradiation for Preparation of Polylactic Acid Nanocomposites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第6期9卷 1127-1142页

作者： Ewa Szefer agnieszka Leszczyńska Edyta Hebda Krzysztof Pielichowski Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers Cracow University of TechnologyKrakow31-155Poland

The aim of this work was to use cellulose nanocrystals that were obtained by hydrolysis in phosphoric acid solution and further modified with succinic anhydride in the microwave field for PLA reinforcement.A series of allbionanocomposites containing unmodified and surface modified cellulose nanocrystals with CNC content in the range of 1–3%_(w.t.) were obtained by melt blending and tested by XRD,SEM,DSC and DMA to investigate the effect of surface esterification of CNCs on the structure,morphology,dynamic mechanical properties of bionanocomposites,as well as phase transitions of PLA in the presence of cellulosic *** investigations showed the highest increase of storage modulus by ca.7%(335 MPa at 25℃)in the glassy state of PLA for 2%_(w.t.)of unmodified ***,addition of 2%_(w.t.)of succinylated CNCs caused the highest increase of the onset of glass transition temperature(by 6.2℃)thus widening the temperature range of biocomposite *** increase of glass transition temperature indicates the strongest interfacial interactions due to improved miscibility of surface modified nanocrystals and thus good dispersion of additive in PLA matrix providing high interface.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystals CNC whiskers surface modification succinic anhydride PLA polylactic acid nanocomposites

Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of gastric hyperplastic polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第40期22卷 8883-8891页

作者： Adam Roman Markowski agnieszka Markowska Katarzyna Guzinska-Ustymowicz Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Polish Red Cross Memorial Municipal Hospital Department of Organic Chemistry Medical University of Bialystok Department of General Pathomorphology Medical University of Bialystok

Gastric polyps become a major clinical problem because of high prevalence and tendency to malignant transformation of some of them. The development of gastric hyperplastic polyps results from excessive proliferation of foveolar cells accompanied by their increased exfoliation, and they are macroscopically indistinguishable from other polyps with lower or higher malignant potential. Panendoscopy allows detection and differentiation of gastric polyps, usually after obtaining histopathological biopsy specimens. Unremoved gastric hyperplastic polyps may enlarge and sometimes spontaneously undergo a sequential progression to cancer. For this reason, gastric hyperplastic polyps larger than 5 mm in size should be removed in one piece. After excision of polyps with atypical focal lesion, endoscopic surveillance is suggested depending on histopathological diagnosis and possibility of confirming the completeness of endoscopic resection. Because of the risk of cancer development also in gastric mucosa outside the polyp, neighboring fragments of gastric mucosa should undergo microscopic investigations. This procedure allows for identification of patients who can benefit most from oncological endoscopic surveillance. If Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection of the gastric mucosa is confirmed, treatment strategies should include eradication of bacteria, which may prevent progression of intestinal metaplasia. The efficacy of H. pylori eradication should be checked 3-6 mo later.

关键词：胃的增生的息肉 Pathophysiology 胃的癌症监视

The Mesoproterozoic in the Nordic countries

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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 29-34页

作者： Bernard Bingen Jenny Andersson Ulf Soederlund Charlotte moeller Geological Survey of Norway 7491 Trondheim Norway. Geological Survey of Sweden. Box 670 75128 Uppsala Sweden. Department of Geology GeoBiosphere Science Centre Lund University Soevegatan 12 22362 Lund Sweden. Geological Survey of Sweden Kiliansgatan 10 22350 Lund Sweden.

During the Mesoproterozoic, central Fennoscandia and Laurentia (Greenland) were characterized by a weakly extensional stress regime, as evident from episodic rapakivi granites, dolerite dykes, continental rift intrusives, sandstone basins and continental flood basalts. Along the southwestern active margin of Fennoscandia, the 1.64-1.52 Ga Gothian and 1.52-1.48 Ga Tele-markian accretionary events resulted in oceanwards continental growth. The 1.47-1.42 Ga Hallandian-Danopolonian event included high-grade metamorphism and granite magmatism in southern Fennoscandia. The pre-Sveconorwegian 1.34-1.14 Ga period is characterized by bimodal magmatism associated with sedimentation, possibly reflecting transcurrent tectonics. The Sveconorwegian otogeny involved polyphase imbrication of terranes between 1.14 and 0.97 Ga, as a result of a collision between Baltica and another major plate, followed by relaxation and post-collisional magmatism between 0.96 and 0.90 Ga. Recent geologic data support classical models restoring the Sveconorwegian belt directly to the east of the Grenville belt of Laurentia at 1.0 Ga. Fragments of Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic crust showing late Grenvillian-Sveconorwegian (1.00-0.92 Ga) magmatism and/or metamorphism are exposed in several tectonic levels in the Caledonides of Scandinavia, Svalbard and East Greenland, on both sides of the inferred lapetus suture. Linking these fragments into a coherent late-Grenvillian tectonic model, however, require additional study.

关键词：地球科学中元古代北欧地区格陵兰岛芬诺斯坎底亚

Anodic Cyclizations, Seven-Membered Rings, and the Choice of Radical Cation *** Pathways

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2019年第7期37卷 672-678页

作者： Robert J.Perkins Ruozhu Feng Qingquan Lu Kevin D.moeller Department of Chemistry Washington University in St.Louis St.Louis MO 63130 USA

While many steps in an oxidative cyclization reaction can be important,it is the cyclization step itself that plays the central *** this step does not proceed well,then optimization of the rest of the sequence is *** report here that the key to the cyclization is channeling the reaction down the correct *** reactions require the use of a radical pathway and some require the use of a radical cation *** example of each is provided along with a strategy for accessing both pathways using a common intermediate.

关键词： Anodic Cyclizations Seven-Membered Rings

Covalent linkage of sulfated hyaluronan to the collagen scaffold Mucograft® enhances scaffold stability and reduces proinflammatory macrophage activation in vivo

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第2期7卷 420-434页

作者： Sarah Al-Maawi Sandra Rother Norbert Halfter Karen M.Fiebig Juliane Moritz Stephanie moeller Matthias Schnabelrauch Charles James Kirkpatrick Robert Sader Hans-Peter Wiesmann Dieter Scharnweber Vera Hintze Shahram Ghanaati Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Goethe UniversityFrankfurt Am MainGermany Institute of Materials Science Max Bergmann Center of BiomaterialsTU DresdenBudapester Str.2701069DresdenGermany Biomaterials Department INNOVENT e.V.Prüssingstr.27B07745JenaGermany Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine Glycobiology Research and Training CenterUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Sulfated glycosaminoglycans(sGAG)show interaction with biological mediator *** collagen-based biomaterials are widely used in clinics,their combination with high-sulfated hyaluronan(sHA3)is *** study aims to functionalize a collagen-based scaffold(Mucograft®)with sHA3 via electrostatic(sHA3/PBS)or covalent binding to collagen fibrils(sHA3+EDC/NHS).Crosslinking without sHA3 was used as a control(EDC/NHS Ctrl).The properties of the sHA3-functionalized materials were *** vitro growth factor and cytokine release after culturing with liquid platelet-rich fibrin was performed by means of *** cellular reaction to the biomaterials was analyzed in a subcutaneous rat *** study revealed that covalent linking of sHA3 to collagen allowed only a marginal release of sHA3 over 28 days in contrast to electrostatically bound ***3+EDC/NHS scaffolds showed reduced vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)and enhanced interleukin-8(IL-8)and epithelial growth factor(EGF)release in vitro compared to the other *** sHA3/PBS and EDC/NHS Ctrl scaffolds showed a high proinflammatory reaction(M1:CD-68+/CCR7+)and induced multinucleated giant cell(MNGC)formation in *** sHA3+EDC/NHS scaffolds reduced the proinflammatory macrophage M1 response and did not induce MNGC formation during the 30 ***3+EDC/NHS scaffolds had a stable structure in vivo and showed sufficient integration into the implantation region after 30 days,whereas EDC/NHS Ctrl scaffolds underwent marked disintegration and lost their initial *** summary,functionalized collagen(sHA3+EDC/NHS)modulates the inflammatory response and is a promising biomaterial as a stable scaffold for full-thickness skin regeneration in the future.

关键词： Sulfated hyaluronan Collagen Wound healing Cellular reaction Multinucleated giant cells