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Animal models of hepatitis E infection: Advances and challenges

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 171-180页

作者： Ze Xiang Xiang-Lin He Chuan-Wu Zhu Jia-Jia Yang Lan Huang Chun Jiang Jian Wu Chinese consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E(CCSHE) Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310030China Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth People’s Hospital of SuzhouSuzhou 215007China Department of Infection Management The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China Department of Clinical Laboratory The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China 不详

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis *** most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and *** infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed *** addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic *** exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across ***,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as *** establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis *** review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other *** each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV *** advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also *** review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Animal models Pathogenesis Prevention Treatment

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biomarkers of aging

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 893-1066页

作者： aging biomarker consortium Hainan Bao Jiani Cao Mengting Chen Min Chen Wei Chen Xiao Chen Yanhao Chen Yu Chen Yutian Chen Zhiyang Chen Jagadish K Chhetri Yingjie Ding Junlin Feng Jun Guo Mengmeng Guo Chuting He Yujuan Jia Haiping Jiang Ying Jing Dingfeng Li Jiaming Li Jingyi Li Qinhao Liang Rui Liang Feng Liu Xiaoqian Liu Zuojun Liu Oscar Junhong Luo Jianwei Lv Jingyi Ma Kehang Mao Jiawei Nie Xinhua Qiao Xinpei Sun Xiaoqiang Tang Jianfang Wang Qiaoran Wang Siyuan Wang Xuan Wang Yaning Wang Yuhan Wang Rimo Wu Kai Xia Fu-Hui Xiao Lingyan Xu Yingying Xu Haoteng Yan Liang Yang Ruici Yang Yuanxin Yang Yilin Ying Le Zhang Weiwei Zhang Wenwan Zhang Xing Zhang Zhuo Zhang Min Zhou Rui Zhou Qingchen Zhu Zhengmao Zhu Feng Cao Zhongwei Cao Piu Chan Chang Chen Guobing Chen Hou-Zao Chen Jun Chen Weimin Ci Bi-Sen Ding Qiurong Ding Feng Gao Jing-Dong JHan Kai Huang Zhenyu Ju Qing-Peng Kong Ji Li Jian Li Xin Li Baohua Liu Feng Liu Lin Liu Qiang Liu Qiang Liu Xingguo Liu Yong Liu Xianghang Luo Shuai Ma Xinran Ma Zhiyong Mao Jing Nie Yaojin Peng Jing Qu Jie Ren Ruibao Ren Moshi Song Zhou Songyang Yi Eve Sun Yu Sun Mei Tian Shusen Wang Si Wang Xia Wang Xiaoning Wang Yan-Jiang Wang Yunfang Wang Catherine CL Wong Andy Peng Xiang Yichuan Xiao Zhengwei Xie Daichao Xu Jing Ye Rui Yue Cuntai Zhang Hongbo Zhang Liang Zhang Weiqi Zhang Yong Zhang Yun-Wu Zhang Zhuohua Zhang Tongbiao Zhao Yuzheng Zhao Dahai Zhu Weiguo Zou Gang Pei Guang-Hui Liu aging biomarker consortium(ABC) Beijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Dermatology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Hunan Key Laboratory of aging Biology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Clinic Center of Human Gene Research Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular aging Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Stem Cell Translational Research Center Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065China Department of Nuclear Medicine Daping HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition Metabolism and Food SafetyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China The Department of Endovascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education Institute of Ageing and Regenerative MedicineJ

aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to(i)assess age-related changes,(ii)track the physiological aging process,and(iii)predict the transition into a pathological *** a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed,their potential uses and limitations remain poorly *** immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research:How old are we?Why do we get old?And how can we age slower?This review aims to address this ***,we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular,organ,and organismal levels of aging,comprising six pillars:physiological characteristics,medical imaging,histological features,cellular alterations,molecular changes,and secretory *** fulfill all these requisites,we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific,systemic,and clinically relevant.

关键词： aging senescence biomarker clock

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前列腺癌药物去势治疗随访管理中国专家共识(2024版)

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中华肿瘤杂志 2024年第4期46卷 285-295页

作者：中国前列腺癌研究协作组朱耀叶定伟不详复旦大学附属肿瘤医院泌尿外科复旦大学上海医学院肿瘤学系

随着诊疗技术的进步,前列腺癌患者的5年生存率显著提升,前列腺癌进入慢性疾病管理时代。雄激素剥夺治疗是晚期前列腺癌患者的基石治疗方案,并贯穿患者治疗的各阶段。前列腺癌药物去势治疗后的疾病进展、治疗相关不良反应以及相关并发症... 详细信息

随着诊疗技术的进步,前列腺癌患者的5年生存率显著提升,前列腺癌进入慢性疾病管理时代。雄激素剥夺治疗是晚期前列腺癌患者的基石治疗方案,并贯穿患者治疗的各阶段。前列腺癌药物去势治疗后的疾病进展、治疗相关不良反应以及相关并发症已成为前列腺癌长期管理的一大难题,影响患者的生存及生活质量。除了在诊断和治疗过程中需要注重前列腺癌的疾病管理,更应该密切随访药物去势治疗后患者的整体情况,尤其对于处于疾病治疗关键阶段的患者,应在疾病重要节点(疾病阶段起始点和治疗切换点)监测睾酮或其他指标,避免错过最佳治疗窗口期。前列腺癌随访管理应该兼顾疾病本身治疗阶段特点(疾病分期、既往症状、预后因素及治疗方案)和患者自身诉求,定制个性化的随访策略,更好地提高患者治疗依从性,改善预后。目前中国尚缺乏前列腺癌患者药物去势治疗后随访及生活质量管理的指南或共识,为此,中国前列腺癌研究协作组组织国内相关专家制定了前列腺癌药物去势治疗随访管理中国专家共识(2024版),以期为接受药物去势治疗前列腺癌患者的随访及生活管理提供参考,进一步改善中国前列腺癌患者的预后及生活质量。

关键词：前列腺肿瘤药物去势随访生活质量共识

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Phylogenomic Mining of the Mints Reveals Multiple Mechanisms Contributing to the Evolution of Chemical Diversity in Lamiaceae

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Molecular Plant 2018年第8期11卷 1084-1096页

作者： Mint Evolutionary Genomics consortium Department of Biochemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2063 USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA The John Innes Centre Department of Biological Chemistry Norwich NR4 7UH UK Department of Biology University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA

The evolution of chemical complexity has been a major driver of plant diversification, with novel compounds serving as key innovations. The species-rich mint family （Lamiaceae） produces an enormous variety of compounds that act as attractants and defense molecules in nature and are used widely by humans as flavor additives, fragrances, and anti-herbivory agents. To elucidate the mechanisms by which such diversity evolved, we combined leaf transcriptome data from 48 Lamiaceae species and four outgroups with a robust phylogeny and chemical analyses of three terpenoid classes （monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and iridoids） that share and compete for precursors. Our integrated chemical-genomic-phylogenetic approach revealed that：（1） gene family expansion rather than increased enzyme promiscuity of terpene synthases is correlated with mono- and sesquiterpene diversity; （2） differential expression of core genes within the iri- doid biosynthetic pathway is associated with iridoid presence/absence; （3） generally, production of iridoids and canonical monoterpenes appears to be inversely correlated; and （4） iridoid biosynthesis is significantly associated with expression of geraniol synthase, which diverts metabolic flux away from canonical mono- terpenes, suggesting that competition for common precursors can be a central control point in specialized metabolism. These results suggest that multiple mechanisms contributed to the evolution of chemodiversity in this economically important family.

关键词： chemodiversity evolution terpene iridoid

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Biohydrometallurgy applied to exploitation of black shale resources： Overview of Bioshale FP6 European project

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第6期18卷 1485-1490页

作者： P. D＇HUGUES P. SPOLAORE Bioshale consortium BRGM EPI/Eco 3 Avenue C. Guillemin 45060 Orleans Cedex 2 France

Bioshale 工程，由欧洲委员会(FP6 计划) 共同资助，在 2004 年 10 月开始了并且在 2007 年 10 月完成了。这个工程的主要目的是为黑页岩矿石的 eco 有效的利用定义创新 biotechnological 过程。黑页岩矿石包含贱、宝贵、高技术的金属... 详细信息

Bioshale 工程，由欧洲委员会(FP6 计划) 共同资助，在 2004 年 10 月开始了并且在 2007 年 10 月完成了。这个工程的主要目的是为黑页岩矿石的 eco 有效的利用定义创新 biotechnological 过程。黑页岩矿石包含贱、宝贵、高技术的金属而且有机物的高内容由常规技术的那缺陷金属恢复。三世界级黑人页岩沉积物被选择为 R&D 行动的目标。这些包括在自然条件下面存在的一沉积物(Talvivaara，芬兰) ，一个当前在过程(Lubin，波兰) 并且在采矿以后的(Mansfeld，德国) 。工作计划的主要技术方面能如下被总结：忍受金属的部件的地质的资源和选择的评估；为金属恢复要测试的生物协会的选择；对 bioprocessing 的评价发送，包括为金属恢复处理的 hydrometallurgical；包括社会、环境的影响的新过程的 techno 经济的评估。13 欧洲人获得的主要结果的概述合伙(从 8 个国家) 在这个完成的研究计划包含了在这个工作被给。

关键词：生物技术生物浸取矿石处理黑页岩

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PSA density in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population: results from the Chinese Prostate Cancer consortium

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第3期23卷 300-305页

作者： Zi-Jian Song Jin-Ke Qian Yue Yang Han-Xiao Wu Mao-Yu Wang Si-Yuan Jiang Fu-Bo Wang Wei Zhang Rui Chen Chinese Prostate Cancer consortium Department of Urology Shanghai Changhai HospitalThe Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Urology Binhai People's HospitalYancheng 224500China 不详

We performed this study to investigate the diagnostic performance of prostate-specific antigen density(PSAD)in a multicenter cohort of the Chinese Prostate Cancer *** with prostate-specific antigen(PSA)levels≥4.0 ng ml^(-1) regardless of digital rectal examination(DRE)results or PSA levels<4.0 ng ml^(-1)and abnormal DRE results were included from 18 large referral hospitals in *** diagnostic performance of PSAD and the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of prostate cancer(PCa)and high-grade prostate cancer(HGPCa)at different cutoff values were evaluated.A total of 5220 patients were included in the study,and 2014(38.6%)of them were diagnosed with *** patients with PSA levels ranging from 4.0 to 10.0 ng ml^(-1),PSAD was associated with PCa and HGPCa in both univariate(odds ratio[OR]=45.15,P<0.0001 and OR=25.38,P<0.0001,respectively)and multivariate analyses(OR=52.55,P<0.0001 and OR=26.05,P<0.0001,respectively).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs)of PSAD in predicting PCa and HGPCa were 0.627 and 0.630,*** the PSAD cutoff of 0.10 ng ml^(-2),we obtained a sensitivity of 88.7%for PCa,and nearly all(89.9%)HGPCa cases could be detected and biopsies could be avoided in 20.2%of the patients(359/1776 cases).Among these patients who avoided biopsies,only 30 cases had *** recommend 0.10 ng ml^(-2) as the proper cutoff value of PSAD,which will obtain a sensitivity of nearly 90%for both PCa and *** results of this study should be validated in prospective,population-based multicenter studies.

关键词： Chinese early detection of cancer prostate cancer prostate-specific antigen prostate-specific antigen density

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Report on the 3rd Board Meeting of the International Human Phenome consortium

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Phenomics 2023年第1期3卷 77-82页

作者： Mei Tian Han Liu Shunling Chen Zhong Yang Weishuo Tao Shiwen Peng Huiting Che Li Jin The Secretariat of International Human Phenome consortium Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China International Human Phenome Institutes(Shanghai) Shanghai 200433China School of Life Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai Medical College Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Introduction The phenome is a set of measurable traits,including the physical,chemical and biological traits of individuals and populations,that result from the complex interactions of genes,epigenetics,symbiotic microorganisms,diet and environmental exposures(Jin 2021).The aim of human phe-nomics is to precisely measure the human phenotypes and to comprehensively analyze the human *** doing so,we can systemically deconstruct the relationship among perceived phenotypes,compile phenotypic network,expand multi-dimensional and cross-scale correlations between macro and micro phenotypes,and eventually clarify the correlations among these *** the completion of the Human Genome Project,there is an urgent need for discovering the multi-level association among genes,envi-ronment and phenotypes to complement the other half of the required information for human ***,Fudan University has initiated the International Human Phenome Project in 2018,providing a new opportunity for biomedical research and leading the development of biomedicine.

关键词： Human eventually initiated

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医用电子直线加速器技术现状与发展趋势

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中国医疗器械杂志 2024年第2期48卷 184-191页

作者：朱志强程鹏陈刘利龙鹏程尚雷明何桃胡丽琴凤麟核团队中科超精(南京)科技有限公司南京市210044 中科超精(安徽)先进技术研究院有限公司合肥市230088 南京市肿瘤精准放射治疗装备工程研究中心南京市210044

70%以上的肿瘤患者需要接受放射治疗,而医用电子直线加速器是肿瘤放射治疗的重要高端放疗设备。随着现代人工智能技术在医用电子直线加速器中的应用,放疗技术已从当初的普通放疗发展为如今的智慧放疗。该研究描述了医用电子直线加速器... 详细信息

70%以上的肿瘤患者需要接受放射治疗,而医用电子直线加速器是肿瘤放射治疗的重要高端放疗设备。随着现代人工智能技术在医用电子直线加速器中的应用,放疗技术已从当初的普通放疗发展为如今的智慧放疗。该研究描述了医用电子直线加速器的发展历程、工作原理与系统构成,概述了束流调控、多叶光栅、引导定位技术、剂量测评等医用电子直线加速器关键技术,并展望了生物引导放疗、FLASH闪疗、智慧放疗等前沿放疗技术的发展趋势,为医用电子直线加速器的技术发展提供参考。

关键词：放射治疗医用电子直线加速器 FLASH闪疗智慧放疗

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Convergent adaptation of the genomes of woody plants at the land–sea interface

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National Science Review 2020年第6期7卷 978-993页

作者： Ziwen He Shaohua Xu Zhang Zhang Wuxia Guo Haomin Lyu Cairong Zhong David E.Boufford Norman C.Duke The International Mangrove consortium Suhua Shi State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Dynamics and Conservation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Hainan Dongzhai Harbor National Nature Reserve Administration Harvard University Herbaria Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research James Cook University the consortium of 26 Institutions

Sequencing multiple species that share the same ecological niche may be a new frontier for genomic *** such studies should shed light on molecular convergence, genomic-level analyses have been unsuccessful, due mainly to the absence of empirical controls. Woody plant species that colonized the global tropical coasts, collectively referred to as mangroves, are ideal for convergence studies. Here, we sequenced the genomes/transcriptomes of 16 species belonging in three major mangrove clades. To detect convergence in a large phylogeny, a CCS+ model is implemented, extending the more limited CCS method(convergence at conservative sites). Using the empirical control for reference, the CCS+ model reduces the noises drastically, thus permitting the identification of 73 convergent genes with Ptrue(probability of true convergence) > 0.9. Products of the convergent genes tend to be on the plasma membrane associated with salinity tolerance. Importantly, convergence is more often manifested at a higher level than at amino-acid(AA) sites. Relative to >50 plant species, mangroves strongly prefer 4 AAs and avoid 5 others across the genome. AA substitutions between mangrove species strongly reflect these tendencies. In conclusion, the selection of taxa, the number of species and, in particular, the empirical control are all crucial for detecting genome-wide convergence. We believe this large study of mangroves is the first successful attempt at detecting genome-wide site convergence.

关键词： convergent evolution genome mangrove adaptive evolution woody plants

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Phenotypic and genotypic background underlying variations in fatty acid composition and sensory parameters in European bovine breeds

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 154-162页

作者： Natalia Sevane Hubert Levéziel Geoffrey R Nute Carlos Sanudo Alessio Valentini John Williams Susana Dunner the GeMQual consortium Departamento de Producción Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain INRA UMR 1061 F-87000 LimogesFrance Umversité de Limoges UMR 1061 F-87000 Limoges France Division of Farm Animal Science University of Bristol Bristol BS40 5DU UK Departimento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos Universidad de Zaragoza 50013 Zaragoza Spain Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali Universitá della Tuscia via De Lellis 01100 Viterbo italy Parco Tecnologico Padano Via Einstein Polo Universitario 26900 Lodi Italy

Background： Consuming moderate amounts of lean red meat as part of a balanced diet valuably contributes to intakes of essential nutrients, in this study, we merged phenotypic and genotypic information to characterize the variation in lipid profile and sensory parameters and to represent the diversity among 15 cattle populations. Correlations between fat content, organoleptic characteristics and lipid profiles were also investigated. Methods： A sample of 436 largely unrelated purebred bulls belonging to 15 breeds and reared under comparable management conditions was analyzed. Phenotypic data -including fatness score, fat percentage, individual fatty acids （FA） profiles and sensory panel tests- and genotypic information from 11 polymorphisms was used. Results： The correlation coefficients between muscle total lipid measurements and absolute vs. relative amounts of polyunsaturated FA （PUFA） were in opposite directions. Increasing carcass fat leads to an increasing amount of FAs in triglycerides, but at the same time the relative amount of PUFAs is decreasing, which is in concordance with the negative correlation obtained here between the percentage of PUFA and fat measurements, as well as the weaker correlation between total phospholipids and total lipid muscle content compared with neutral lipids. Concerning organoleptic characteristics, a negative correlation between fiavour scores and the percentage of total PUFA, particularly to n-6 fraction, was found. The correlation between juiciness and texture is higher than with flavour scores. The distribution of SNPs plotted by principal components analysis （PCA） mainly reflects their known trait associations, although influenced by their specific breed allele frequencies. Conclusions： The results presented here help to understand the phenotypic and genotypic background underlying variations in FA composition and sensory parameters between breeds. The wide range of traits and breeds studied, along with the genotypic informa

关键词： Bos taurus Beef Fatty acids Omega-3 Genotype assisted selection

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