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Obesity and High Blood Pressure among Professional Long-Distance Drivers in Yaoundé, Cameroon: Cross-Sectional Study

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2022年第3期10卷 232-254页

作者： Dominique Kamgne Fokam André Izacar Gaël Bita Nefertiti Rama Djouedjon Dakenyo nyenty agbor agbornkwai Annicet Bopda Negueu School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Nutrition Helen Keller International Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Background: Drivers play a very important role in the transportation of people, goods and services in Cameroon. The data on obesity and hypertension amongst these professionals is insufficient. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of obesity and high blood pressure (HBP) among professional bus drivers in Yaoundé. Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study among long-distance bus drivers stationed in Yaoundé between march and April 2018. The data collected focused on driving history, eating habits, driver’s lifestyle, and anthropometric measurements. The analysis was completed using SPSS 21 software;STATA 13;SPAD 5.5 and Excel. Results: Of the 309 drivers, 27.18% and 17.80% were obese and hypertensive, respectively. The risk of developing HBP and obesity was higher among drivers with ≥20 years of driving experience. The risk of obesity was 3.99 (95% CI = 1.65 - 9.64);14.57 (95% CI = 3.65 - 58.16) and 15.23 (95% CI = 3.30 - 70.40) times higher in drivers with 10 - 14, 15 - 19 and 20 years of experience respectively. The risk of HBP was 3.64 (95% CI = 1.22 - 10.85);5.08 (95% CI = 1.18 - 21.92) and 9.42 (95% CI = 1.87 - 47.44) times higher in drivers with 10 - 14;15 - 19 years and 20 years of service, respectively. The more involved the drivers were in sporting activities, the less likely they are to be obese (RR = 0.46;95% CI = 0.24 - 0.88);the risk of HBP was 1.96 (95% CI = 1.05 - 3.67) times higher among drivers who were unable to make trips of at least 10 minutes. And the risk of HBP was less when drivers did not snack while traveling (RR = 0.43;95% CI = 0.21 - 0.90) than when they did. When a driver ate at least 3 meals a day, the risk of being obese was 5.75 (95% CI = 3.15 - 10.48) times higher. The risk of HBP was 4.04 (95% CI = 2.20 - 7.41) times higher in obese drivers than in those with a normal body mass index. Conclusion: Obesity and HBP are common conditions amongst the population of bus drivers. They are particularly expose

关键词： Obesity High Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Disease Chronic Disease Non-Communicable Disease Drivers Cameroon

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Enhanced Adherence Counselling, Support Groups and Viral Load Suppression amongst HIV-Positive Adolescents in a Tertiary Health Care Facility in Cameroon

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 685-702页

作者： agbor nyenty agbornkwai André Izacar Gaël Bita Stephane Amatagana Mabouna Ismaila Esa Ajong Brian Ngongheh Ateh Stanislas Ketum Derek Akateh Yannick Lechedem Ngunyi Arnold Agwe Tanah Gisele Christian Miangu Wolloh Grace Tadzong-Awasum Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon Médecins Sans Frontières Belgique Bangui Central African Republic Ministry of Public Health Yaounde Cameroon Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Board Yaounde Cameroon University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Globally, HIV viral load suppression rate, which is an indirect measure of the efficacy of antiretroviral (ART) medication, is 47% and 52% in Africa. In Cameroon, the viral load (VL) suppression rate is 44.7% and poor adherence is widely documented as being responsible for the large gap in VL Suppression. Enhanced adherence counselling (EAC) sessions, and enrolment and participation in support groups are specific interventions to improve ART adherence and improve viral load suppression. Purpose: This study assesses the uptake and contribution of support groups and EAC sessions in the management of adolescents with unsuppressed VL results at Centre Hospitalier d’Essos, Yaounde. Methods: A retrospective correlational quantitative patient files review was conducted for 138 files of HIV positive adolescents aged between 10 - 19 years with HIV VL above 1000 copies/ml enrolled in care between January 2009 and December 2019. Data from the questionnaire was entered into CSPRO version 7.4. and analyzed by using SPSS version 25.0. Results: A total of 138 participants (75 females and 63 males) with a mean age of 15 ± 3 years were included in our study. Sixty-nine (50%) participants were in World Health Organization (WHO) stage I;32.6% were in Stage II;13.0% and 4.3% were in stages III and IV, respectively. Thirty (21.7%) had a history of tuberculosis and 76% of the adolescents were being cared for primarily by their parents. The charts of the adolescents revealed that there was an association between completion of EAC sessions in adolescents with unsuppressed VL and eventual VL suppression (R.R = 2.5;CI 0.848 - 6.162;p = 0.033). However, there was no significant association between support group enrolment and active participation, and eventual VL Suppression. Furthermore, combining EAC and support group interventions was strongly associated with eventual VL Suppression in this group of initially unsuppressed adolescents (R.R = 7.5;C.I 2.544 - 22.360;p Conclusion: S

关键词： High Viral Load Enhanced Adherence Counselling Support Groups HIV Adolescents

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The Prevalence of Auto-Medication among Pregnant Women in a Conflict Affected, North West Region, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第4期9卷 122-137页

作者： Tanyi Pride Bobga Sangwe Bertrand Ngwa Ngwa Fabrice Ambe Ateh Stanislas Ketum agbornkwai nyenty agbor Wirnkar Jude Kanla Mentoh Ajem Abungwi Model Preparatory Initiative of Academics Research and Health MOPIARH Buea Cameroon Modern United Faculties of Medicine Entrance Preparatory Center (MUFEPREC) Buea Cameroon Centre Pasteur Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences INSAM Higher institute of Medical Sciences Douala Cameroon Family Health International Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences Douala Cameroon

Background: The excessive use of medicines and generally self-medication is considered as one of the major health and socio-economic problems in different countries. There is increasing evidence that self-medications among pregnant women are common in many developing countries. Despite the adverse impact on pregnancy, there are few programs available for their control. The Northwest region of Cameroon has been affected by socio-political crisis since 2016, which has slowed down economic activities and have grievous effects on the economy. It was therefore necessary to evaluate the prevalence of auto-medication amongst pregnant women. Aim: The aim of this study is to ascertain the knowledge, prevalence and practice of auto medication among pregnant women in Cameroon especially in the North West Region. Method: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 pregnant women, aged between 15 - 45 years in the Bamenda Health District between January to October 2019. A structured questionnaire based interview was used to collect data from each study subject. Then, data were categorized and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The prevalence of auto-medication (allopathic and herbal medicines) in this study was 337 (67.4%) and was predominant during the first trimester 246 (72.86%) of pregnancy. 98 (29.09%) previous experience, 70 (20.77%) that they did not have money for consultation, 70 (20.77%) non-severity of ailments and 75 (22.25%) high cost of medication in hospital/pharmacy were the most common reason pregnant women auto medicate. 96 (28.48%) antiemetic, 72 (21.36%) analgesics and 58 (17.21%) antacids were the most frequent drugs used for auto-medication and the main symptoms for which pregnant women practice auto-medication were: 72 (21.36%) fever/headache, 63 (18.69%) constipation and 58 (17.21%) nausea/vomiting. 116 (34.42%) friends/family/neighbors were the main sou

关键词： Pregnant Women Bamenda Health District Auto Medication Allopathic Medicine Herbal Medicine

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A Cross-Sectional Study of the Causes, Effects and Management Strategies for Stress and Burnout among Nurses in the Fako Division, Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第7期8卷 17-27页

作者： Acha Anwi Therese Ateh Stanislas Ketum Mohamed Isah Thiery Pechap Ayafor agbornkwai nyenty agbor Acha Therese Fomundam Anwi Malika Esembeson Nahyeni Bassah Esoh Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of International Public Health Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Liverpool UK Reach Out Buea Cameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Health Organisation Welfare Yaounde Central Region Cameroon Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Alabama Birmingham USA Family Health International 360 Yaounde Cameroon Douala Gynoeco-Obstetrics and Pediatric Hospital Littoral Cameroon

Introduction: Stress and burnout are a reality which nurses encounter and try to cope with especially in the Emergency Department (ED) so that they can provide optimal patient care. Nurses who work in ED are front line providers of immediate medical care needed to stabilize patients. With the known critical shortage of health workforce in Cameroon, nurses are overloaded with work and often experience stress and burnout. Aim: This study aimed at determining the causes, effects and management strategies of stress and burnout among nurses working in the ED in hospitals in the Fako Division, Cameroon. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of seventy nurses from five different hospitals. A purposive sampling technique was used and data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire developed from the International Stress Management Scale. Results: The highest reported cause of stress in this study was heavy workload (12.88%) and the least was no experience in handling the challenges of the department. The leading reported effect of stress was the development of musculoskeletal disorders such as joint and back pain (16.48%) and the least effect was contemplating quitting the profession (5.99%). The major management strategy used was humour (8.27%), while the least was crying out stress to feel relieved (2.18%). Conclusion: The major cause of stress and burnout among nurses in our study setting was heavy workload, which mostly results in joint and back pain. Moreover, humour was the prime management strategy for stress and burnout among nurses in the emergency department in the study setting. Thus more nurses should be employed and the working conditions of nurses improved to reduce the workload in the study hospitals.

关键词： Stress Burnout Nurses Causes Effect and Management Cameroon

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