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Prediction of selected biodiesel fuel properties using artificial neural network

Frontiers in Energy 2015年第4期9卷 433-445页

作者： Solomon o. GIWA Sunday o. ADEKoMAYA Kayode o. ADAMA Moruf o. MUKAILA Department of Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering and Environmental Studies Olabisi Onabanjo University lbogun Campus Ifo Ogun State Nigeria

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel to replace fossil- based diesel fuel. It has fuel properties similar to diesel which are generally determined experimentally. The experimental determination of various properties of biodiesel is costly, time consuming and a tedious process. To solve these problems, artificial neural network （ANN） has been considered as a vital tool for estimating the fuel properties of biodiesel, especially from its fatty acid （FA） composition. In this study, four ANNs have been designed and trained to predict the cetane number （CN）, flash point （FP）, kinematic viscosity （KV） and density of biodiesel using ANN with logsig and purelin transfer functions in the hidden layer of all the networks. The five most prevalent FAs from 55 feedstocks found in the literature utilized as the input parameters for the model are palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenie acids except for density network with a sixth parameter （temperature）. other FAs that are present in the biodiesels have been considered based on the number of carbon atom chains and the level of saturation. From this study, the prediction accuracy and the average absolute deviation of the networks are CN （96.69%; 1.637%）, KV （95.80%; 1.638%）, FP （99.07%; 0.997%） and density （99.40%; 0.101%）. These values are reasonably better compared to previous studies on empirical correlations and ANN predictions of these fuel properties found in literature. Hence, the present study demonstrates the ability of ANN model to predict fuel properties of biodiesel with high accuracy.

关键词： biodiesel fuel properties artificial neuralnetwork fatty acid prediction

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optimizing the defensive characteristics of mild steel via the electrodeposition of Zn-Si3N4 reinforcing particles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 526-532页

作者： I.G. Akande o.o. oluwole o.S.I. Fayomi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo state Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Covenant University ota ogun state Nigeria Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa

The effect of Zn-Si3 N4 deposition prepared via direct electrolytic co-deposition on mild steel was studied as a result its inherent vulnerability to corrosion in an aggressive environment and failure on the application of *** experiment was conducted varying the mass concentration of silicon nitride(Si3 N4)between 7 and 13 gat cell voltage of 0.3 and 0.5 V,at constant temperature of 45℃.The morphologies of the coated surfaces were characterized using high resolution Nikon optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)revealing that the particles of the Zn-Si3 N4 were homogeneously *** corrosion behaviour was studied using potentiodynamic polarization technique in 3.65%NaCl solution and the microhardness was examined using Brinell hardness testing *** result of the corrosion experiment confirmed an improved corrosion resistance with a reduction in corrosion rate from 9.7425 mm/year to 0.10847 mm/year,maximum coating efficiency of 98.9%,maximum polarization resistance of 1555.3 Ω and a very low current density of 9.33 × 10-6A/*** negative shift in the Ecorr revealed the cathodic protective nature of the *** microhardness was also found to have increased from 137.9 HBN for the unmodified steel to a maximum value of 263.3 HBN for the0.5 Zn-13 Si3 N4 coated steel representing 90.9% increment in hardness as a result of the matrix grain refining and dispersion-strengthening ability of the incorporated Si3 N4 particles.

关键词： Polarization Corrosion Microhardness Coating Composite Matrix

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Copolymerization of Azobenzene-bearing Monomer and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene(EDoT): Improved Electrochemical Performance for Electrochromic Device Applications

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2020年第2期38卷 109-117,I0004页

作者： Serife o.Hacioglu Iskenderun Technical University Department of Engineering Science

In this study,novel electrochromic copolymers of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene(EDoT)and(E)-1,2-bis(2-fluoro-4-(4-hexylthiophen-2-yl)phenyl)diazene(M1)with different monomer feed ratios were designed and synthesized *** and spectroelectrochemical characterizations were performed using voltammetry and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry techniques to test the applicability of copolymers for electrochromic *** terms of electrochemical behaviors,addition of an electron-rich EDoT unit into the azobenzenecontaining copolymer increased the electron density on the polymer chain and afforded copolymers with very low oxidation potentials at around0.30 *** the homopolymers(P1 and PEDoT)exhibited neutral state absorptions centered at 510 and 583 nm,EDoT-bearing copolymers showed red shifted absorptions compared to those of P1 with narrower optical band *** addition,the poor optical contrast and switching times of azobenzene-bearing homopolymer were significantly improved with EDoT addition into the copolymer *** a result of the promising electrochromic and kinetic preperties,Co P1.5-bearing single layer electrochromic device that works between purple and light greenish blue colors was constructed and characterized.

关键词： Azobenzene EDoT Copolymerization Electrochromic device

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Structural metamaterials with negative mechanical/thermomechanical indices: A review

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2021年第6期31卷 801-808页

作者： Jo?o o.Cardoso Jo?o Paulo Borges Alexandre Velhinho CENIMAT/i3N Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa

Structural metamaterials presenting negative values of one or more mechanical and thermomechanical indices–namely the Poisson's ratio, the linear compressibility, and the coefficient of thermal expansion – are the promising candidates to the applications in many fields, ranging from precision mechanics to biomedical devices or energy absorption. Although scattered mentions may be found in the literature since the late eighties of 20th century, the systematic research efforts concerning these materials became effective much later. The present work is to review the main scientific contributions to the topic in the last five years. This paper first deals with those metamaterials showing a single negative index, and then proceeds to analyze the much less frequent instances of coupled negative indices, with emphasis on the so-called anepectic case, which exhibits an unusual thermomechanical response.

关键词： Mechanical and thermomechanical metamaterials Auxetic Anepectic Negative Poisson's ratio Negative thermal expansion Negative linear compressibility

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on Inherent Irreversibility in a Reactive Hydromagnetic Channel Flow

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第1期19卷 72-79页

作者： o.D.Makinde o.Anwar Bég Faculty of Engineering Cape Peninsula University of TechnologyP.O.Box 1906Bellville 7535South Africa. Mechanical Engineering Department Harmer BuildingSheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS1 1WB EnglandUK.

This study is devoted to investigate the inherent irreversibility and thermal stability in a reactive electrically conducting fluid flowing steadily through a channel with isothermal walls under the influence of a transversely imposed magnetic *** a perturbation method coupled with a special type of Hermite-Pade' approximation technique,the simplified governing non-linear equation is solved and the important properties of overall flow structure including velocity field,temperature field and thermal criticality conditions are derived which essentially expedite to obtain expressions for volumetric entropy generation numbers,irreversibility distribution ratio and the Bejan number in the flow field.

关键词： Hydromagnetic channel flow Entropy analysis Thermal criticality Arrhenius kinetics Hermite-Pade approximants

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Estimation of drift limits for different seismic damage states of RC frame staging in elevated water tanks using Park and Ang damage index

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2020年第1期19卷 161-177页

作者： Suraj o.Lakhade Ratnesh Kumar o.R.Jaiswal Department of Applied Mechanics Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology

Damage to elevated water tanks in past earthquakes can be attributed to the poor performance of their supporting frame staging. In order to ascertain the performance of these elevated water tanks, it is crucial to categorize the damage in quantifiable damage states. Among various parameters to quantify the damage states, the top drift of frame staging can be conveniently correlated to the different damage levels. In literature, drift limits corresponding to different damage states of the frame staging of the elevated water tank are not available. In the present study, drift limits for RC frame staging in elevated water tanks corresponding to different seismic damage states have been proposed. Various damage states of the elevated water tank have been determined using the Park and Ang damage index. The Park and Ang damage index utilizes results of both pushover analysis and incremental dynamic analysis. Twelve models of elevated water tanks have been developed considering variation in staging height and tank capacity. Incremental dynamic analysis has been performed using the suite of twelve actual earthquake ground motions. Based on the regression analysis between damage indexes and drift, limiting drift values for each damage state are proposed.

关键词： elevated water tank frame staging damage states drift limit 3D modelling incremental dynamic analysis pushover analysis

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Zinc In CCl_4 Toxicity

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2002年第3期15卷 187-195页

作者： o·ADEMUYIWA o·oNITILo 等 DepartmentofBiochemistryandDepartmentofChemicalPathology OgunStateUniversityAgo－IwoyeNigeriaand

objective To investigate the protective effect of zinc in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. Methods Rats were treated with zinc acetate for four days. The zinc doses were 5 mg Zn/kg and 10 mg Zn/kg body weight respectively. Two groups of the zinc acetate-treated rats were later challenged with a single dose of CCl4 (1.5 mL/kg body weight). Results Compared to control animals, the plasma of rats treated with CCl4 showed hyperbilirubinaemia, hypoglycaemia, hypercreatinaemia and hypoproteinaemia. When the animals were however supplemented with zinc in form of zinc acetate before being dosed with CCl4, the 5 mg Zn/kg body weight of zinc acetate reversed the hypoproteinaemia induced by CCl4, whereas the 10mg Zn/kg body weight of zinc acetate reversed the hypoglycaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia and hypercreatinaemia induced by CCl4. Conclusion The 10mg Zn/kg body weight of zinc acetate is more consistent in protecting against CCl4 hepatotoxicity. The possible mechanisms of protection are highlighted.

关键词： CCl4 Zinc Plasma Hypoglycaemia Hyperbilirubinaemia Hypercreatinaemia

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Seminal Fluid Characteristics of Men Attending Infertility Clinic of a Teaching Hospital

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open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2013年第1期3卷 1-4页

作者： Festus Abiose olajubu Deji-agboola Mope olubunmi Adetokunbo osinupebi olusoji Edward Jagun Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences Olabisi Onabanjo University Sagamu Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Obafemi Awolowo College of Health SciencesOlabisi Onabanjo University Sagamu Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu Nigeria Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Health Sciences Olabisi Onabanjo University Sagamu Nigeria

The semen quality of 479 men in infertile marriages, who attended the infertility clinic of ooUTH, Sagamu between May 2004 and April 2009 were analyzed. The semen samples were physically examined, microscopically analyzed and aerobically cultured. The result showed that out of 51.5% oligospermic cases recorded, 39.8% could be classified severe. Cryptozoospermia were diagnosed in 72 (15%) cases. Bacteriospermia and Necrozoospermia were found in 149 and 6 cases respectively. The predominant organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (50.32%) while Neisseria gonorrhoea was isolated in only 2 cases. Highest infection of 62.4% was noticed among the group with 1% - 19% motility. From the studied population, 8.8% were azoospermic. The commonest morphological defects were pin and ragged heads (48%). It is therefore obvious that the assessment of semen quality remains one of the important steps in infertility interventions.

关键词： Sperm Concentration ooUTH Infertile Marriages Motility Bacteriospermia

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Vapour-diffusion assisted growth of oriented α-cobalt hydroxide thin films

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Particuology 2010年第3期8卷 188-191页

作者： Dermot o’Hare Chemistry Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA United Kingdom

Layered α-cobalt hydroxides Co（oH1.65 Cl0.***.0.5H2o （1）, Co（oH）1.75（No3）0.***.0.1H2o（2） with unique macro- and microscale morphologies have been synthesised by a low temperature, ammonia-controlled vapour-diffusion method. The materials have thin film morphologies and were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）.

关键词： Thin films Cobalt hydroxide Hydrotalcite Morphology control

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Population distribution and threats to sustainable management of selected non-timber forest products in tropical lowland rainforests of south western Nigeria

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 75-82页

作者： Jimoh S.o. Amusa T.o. I.o. Azeez Department of Forest Resources Management University of IbadanNigeria. Department of Forest Resources Management University of IlorinNigeria.

Uncontrolled harvesting of non-timber forest products （NTFPs） poses a serious risk of extermination to several of these species in Nigeria. Yet, there is a paucity of information on the distribution, population status and sustainable management of NTFPs in most of the tropical lowland rainforests. We, therefore, assessed the population, distribution and threats to sustainable management of NTFPs within the tropical lowland rainforests of omo and Shasha Forest Reserves, south western Nigeria. Data were obtained through inventory surveys on five top priority species including： bush mango （Irvingia gabonensis （Aubry-Lecomte ex o’Rorke） Baill）, African walnut （Tetracarpidium conophorum （Mull. Arg.） Hutch. ＆ Dalziel syn. Plukenetia conophora）, chew-stick （Massularia acuminata （G. Don） Bullock）, fever bark （Annickia chlorantha Setten ＆ *** syn. Enantia chloranta） and bush pepper （Piper guineense Schumach. ＆ Thonn.）. Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used for the inventory. Each forest reserve was stratified into three, viz： less disturbed natural forest （for areas that have been rested for at least ten years）, recently disturbed natural forest （for areas that have suffered one form of human perturbation or the other in the last five years）, and plantation forest （for areas carrying forest plantation）. Data were collected from eighteen 10 m × 500 m belt transects located in the above strata. The species were generally fewer in both plantation and recently disturbed natural forest than the less disturbed natural forest, suggesting that forest disturbances （habitat modification） for other uses may have an effect on the occurrence and densities of the NTFPs. Exceptions to this trend were found for P. guineense and T. conophorum, which were fairly common in both plantation and recently disturbed natural forest. Among three tree NTFP species （i.e. I. gabonensis, M. acuminata and A. chlorantha）, only I. gabonensis showed a significant difference in ov

关键词： Tropical rainforest non-timber forest products (NTFP) population density distribution forest management

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